The influence of crisis on the sector structure of economy focusing on agriculture

The Czech Republic entered the crisis with relatively good starting conditions - showed no significant macroeconomic imbalances and financial system was not destabilized. However, the crisis has here also been and a decline in GDP in 2009 to 4.1% was mainly due to economic recession in the Euro zone. In many countries there has been a change in the sector scope. The Czech Republic belongs to the industrial-oriented countries and the significance of recession is also demonstrated by the development of industrial production and exports. Further economic increase depends mainly on exports, because there are many industries in the Czech Republic with foreign majority and a large part of their production goes abroad. Czech agriculture has been also facing adverse impacts of the crisis. These have occurred since the second half of 2008. The article analyses the contributions to GDP and trends in future years. There are also described changes in the sector economic structure with focus on agriculture

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in spinocerebellar ataxias and Friedreich ataxia

<p>Apart from its role in motor coordination, the importance of the cerebellum in cognitive and affective processes has been recognized in the past few decades. Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) and Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) are rare neurodegenerative diseases of the cerebellum presenting mainly with a progressive loss of gait and limb coordination, dysarthria, and other motor disturbances, but also a range of cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms. This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge on neuropsychiatric impairment in SCA and FRDA. We discuss the prevalence, clinical features and treatment approaches in the most commonly reported domains of depression, anxiety, apathy, agitation and impulse dyscontrol, and psychosis. Since these symptoms have a considerable impact on patients' quality of life, we argue that further research is mandated to improve the detection and treatment options of neuropsychiatric co-morbidities in ataxia patients.</p&gt

Social cognition in degenerative cerebellar ataxias

Social cognition (SC) refers to a set of skills necessary for successful social communication and interpersonal relationships. Accumulating evidence points toward a crucial role of the cerebellum in SC. This narrative review summarizes and discusses the social cognitive impairment in cerebellar ataxias (CA), a group of hereditary neurodegenerative diseases of the cerebellum. Substantial impairment in emotion recognition and theory of mind, two essential components of SC, is present in CA. The social cognitive impairment is largely independent of the motor disability, general cognitive deficit, or neuropsychiatric symptoms. Since the impairment reaches comparable levels to autism or schizophrenia, it can substantially impact patients’ quality of life and deserves further attention in future research

Engineering-geological study of relationships between soil and rock workability, type and volume of excavated materials, and earthwork costs (six case studies)

Abstract The engineering-geological study deals with the study of significance and relationship of soil and rock workability (factor representing the engineering-geological structure of rock massif) and the remaining earthwork parameters influencing the cost of construction work, such as excavation type and its technology, and excavated cubic volume. The comparative tool was the cost of earthwork as it reflects the real value of the given parameters during the implementation of earthwork. Soil and rock workability is the most important parameter of rock massif engineering-geological structure during any earthwork. The investor pays the contractor for earthwork based on workability classes which have their accounting value expressed as a volume unit of earthwork per particular project. The research results arise from a comparison of 6 sewer system construction project case studies in the north-east of the Czech Republic. The research shows that the most important factor during the implementation of earthwork is the specific engineering-geological structure (52%), which reflects in the parameter of soil and rock workability classes, using which all earthwork is priced. The second most important factor (33%) is the type of excavation and its technology. The least important is the excavated cubic volume (15%), which means the overall cubic volume of earthwork. The results were obtained within three evaluation approaches, where the comparison unit was one cubic meter of excavated volume during earthwork