39,418 research outputs found
Wetting dynamics of evaporating drops on various surfaces
Mathematical prediction of evaporating water droplet wetting dynamics on stainless steel, Lucite, Teflon, and copper surface
Effect of contact angle hysteresis on moving liquid film integrity
A study was made of the formation and breakdown of a water film moving over solid surfaces (teflon, lucite, stainless steel, and copper). The flow rate associated with film formation was found to be higher than the flow rate at which film breakdown occurred. The difference in the flow rates for film formation and film breakdown was attributed to contact angle hysteresis. Analysis and experiment, which are in good agreement, indicated that film formation and film breakdown are functions of the advancing and receding angles, respectively
Thermocapillary induced breakdown of a falling liquid film
Hydrodynamic models for effects of thermocapillary instability, film thickness, and heat flux on breakdown of falling liquid film
Arguing Using Opponent Models
Peer reviewedPostprin
Short-term debt maturity, monitoring and accruals-based earnings management
Most prior studies assume a positive relation between debt and earnings management, consistent with the financial distress theory. However, the empirical evidence for financial distress theory is mixed. Another stream of studies argues that lenders of short-term debt play a monitoring role over management, especially when the firm’s creditworthiness is not in doubt. To explore the implications of these arguments on managers’ earnings management incentives, we examine a sample of US firms over the period 2003–2006 and find that short-term debt is positively associated with accruals-based earnings management (measured by discretionary accruals), consistent with the financial distress theory. We also find that this relation is significantly weaker for firms that are of higher creditworthiness (i.e. investment grade firms), consistent with monitoring benefits outweighing financial distress reasons for managing earnings
Preparation and characterization of interpenetrating phased TCP/HA/PLGA composites
The purpose of this study was to fabricate composites consisting of three interpenetrating networks: tricalcium phosphate (TCP), hydroxyapatite (HA), and poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). The porous TCP network was first produced by coating a polyurethane (PU) foam with hydrolysable alpha-TCP slurry. The HA network was derived from a calcium phosphate cement (CPC) filled in the porous TCP network. The remaining open pore network in the HA/TCP composite was further infiltrated with a PLGA network. The three sets of spatially continuous networks would have different biodegradation rates and thus bone tissue would grow towards the fastest biodegrading network while the remaining networks still maintaining their geometrical shape and carrying the physiological load for the tissue ingrowth
SIS epidemic propagation on hypergraphs
Mathematical modeling of epidemic propagation on networks is extended to
hypergraphs in order to account for both the community structure and the
nonlinear dependence of the infection pressure on the number of infected
neighbours. The exact master equations of the propagation process are derived
for an arbitrary hypergraph given by its incidence matrix. Based on these,
moment closure approximation and mean-field models are introduced and compared
to individual-based stochastic simulations. The simulation algorithm, developed
for networks, is extended to hypergraphs. The effects of hypergraph structure
and the model parameters are investigated via individual-based simulation
results
Local rectification of heat flux
We present a chain-of-atoms model where heat is rectified, with different
fluxes from the hot to the cold baths located at the chain boundaries when the
temperature bias is reversed. The chain is homogeneous except for boundary
effects and a local modification of the interactions at one site, the
"impurity". The rectification mechanism is due here to the localized impurity,
the only asymmetrical element of the structure, apart from the externally
imposed temperature bias, and does not rely on putting in contact different
materials or other known mechanisms such as grading or long-range interactions.
The effect survives if all interaction forces are linear except the ones for
the impurity.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
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