Penafsiran Hakim Tentang Keberadaan Struktural Lembaga Kepolisian sebagai Penyelenggara Negara dan Penegak Hukum (Kajian terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan Nomor 04/pid.prap/2015)

The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) announced BudiGunawan as a suspect of corruption when he was Deputy Head of CareerDevelopment of Human Resources. South Jakarta District Court panel ofjudges Sarpin Rizaldi favor Budi Gunawan and express stipulation assuspect unauthorized and not legally binding. In its decision, the judgestated that the determination Sarpin Rizaldi Budi Gunawan suspects by theKPK is not legally valid. Judges considered that the Commission had noauthority to investigate cases that ensnare Budi Gunawan, because whenthe suspect is not included as an organizer of the state and law enforcer.With a variety of the above problems, the authors are keen to lift the titlethesis on "The interpretation of the judge about presence of police forcesAs organizers Structure Institute of State and Law Enforcement (StudyAgainst the South Jakarta District Court Decision No. 04 / Pid.prap /2015)".Based on the brief description of the background mentioned above,there are some things that are at issue in this research are: First, whetherthe interpretation Sarpin Rizaldi judge in examining and deciding the caseNo. 04 / Pid.prap / 2015 on the State management and law enforcement isright? Then secondly, what implications that arise after the verdict SarpinRizaldi in examining and deciding the case No. 04 / Pid.prap / 2015 onState administrators and law enforcement?The author define three theories become a rationale for this study,namely, the theory of legal interpretation, the theory of state officials andlaw enforcement, and the theory of legal certainty

Optimasi Rekonfigurasi Jaringan Distribusi Radial untuk Meminimalkan Rugi Jaringan Menggunakan Metode Simple Branch Exchange

The increasing electric energy consumption must be balanced with good electricity network quality. To overcome this, we need a distribution network reconfiguration. Reconfiguration in power distribution network is done to improve power distribution network quality. Problem that exist in the radial distribution network is power losses. To minimize the power losses can be overcome by compensating capacitor. Done by determining the location of capacitors in distribution networks. With that the capacitor compensates the distribution network is more effective and efficient in distributing power. In this research discusses the network reconfiguration using simple branch exchange method to reduce power losses in radial distribution networks . Plant that used in this final project is IEEE 33 bus feeders. Simple branch exchange method is a kind of heuristic method . It works by selecting the order of the loop is done for distribution networks reconfiguration. Simulation results show that the use of a simple branch exchange method for reconfiguring network can reduce energy loss by 63,4677 kW. From the simulation results using the distribution system IEEE 33 bus feeders, showed that the decrease of energy losses from 202,6845 kW become 139,2168 kW

Potential benefits of integrated bioenergy and food production systems on degraded land in Wonogiri, Indonesia

Cultivating suitable biofuel crops on degraded land by involving local communities can be a promising solution for energy and food security while restoring land. This chapter provides information on the socioeconomic and environmental benefits of Calophyllum inophyllum L., known locally as nyamplung, based on agroforestry systems practiced by local farmers in Wonogiri district, Central Java province, Indonesia. Relevant information was gathered through field observations and a focus group discussion with 20 farmers practicing “nyamplung-based agroforestry systems” with rice, maize, peanuts and honey. The net present values (NPVs) of rice and peanuts indicated negative profitability when they were grown as monocultures, whereas maize generated only marginal profits. Amazingly, honey production utilizing nyamplung produced an NPV nearly 300 times higher than maize. However, combined with nyamplung, honey was also the commodity most sensitive to decreases in production, followed by nyamplung–peanut and nyamplung–rice combinations. While decreases in production had little effect on the NPVs of rice, peanuts and maize, these annual crops can only be cultivated for a maximum of six years within nyamplung’s 35-year production cycle, due to canopy closure after this time. In conclusion, Nyamplung-based agroforestry systems can provide economic, social and environmental benefits on different scales. Additionally, considering the high profit potential of combining nyamplung with honey production, it is necessary to improve and develop bee husbandry practices to make doing so a viable option for local farmer

Local Wisdom of West Timorese Farmers in Land Management

This paper’s working hypothesis is that the indigenous farming practices of Timorese farmers are those most suitable and adaptable with regard to these farmers’ circumstances. Intensive farming and the acceleration of land conversion in Java lead to a reduction in favorable cropland and the degradation of soil biology. To meet the demand for food production, unfavorable areas outside Java, including marginal semi-arid areas on Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara province, have become an important option. Unfortunately, the national crop production policy has paid less attention to the specific biophysical characteristics of the region and how local people have adapted to the diverse marginal environment. We review the literature in the areas of soil nutrition retention and soil biology, vegetation/crop diversity, and farming practices/management, including local wisdom on soil management. This paper highlights that the values of the chemical parameters of the soils in question are varied, but generally range from low to high. The existence of beneficial micro-organisms is important both for improving soil fertility and due to their association with local vegetation/crops. Traditional farming practices, such as the local agroforestry of Mamar, have effectively preserved the existence of micro-organisms that promote conservation practices, crop/vegetation diversity, and sustainable agriculture. We recommend that the expansion of croplands and crop production into marginal semi-arid areas needs to be considered and adapted while taking into consideration sustainability and environmentally sound traditional practices