Correlations between changes in psychometric measures (scores at follow up minus score at baseline), and urinary iPF2alpha titers.

<p>*means p<0.05 when **means p<0.01.</p

Individual values of urinary ipf2alpha for both baseline and follow up.

<p>Individual values of urinary ipf2alpha for both baseline and follow up.</p

Correlations between anti-oxidant enzymes in blood and urinary iPF2alpha.

<p>Correlations between anti-oxidant enzymes in blood and urinary iPF2alpha.</p

Memory Decline in Down Syndrome and Its Relationship to iPF2alpha, a Urinary Marker of Oxidative Stress

Lipid peroxidation may be a marker of free-radical-mediated injury associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to investigate whether changes in lipid peroxidation is associated with cognitive decline in individuals with Down syndrome over a 4-year period.Thirty-two adults with DS participated in a longitudinal study with urinary isoprostane 8,12-iso-iPF2alpha (iPF2alpha) assays at baseline and four years follow-up. Informants rated their functional ability and memory function and the adults with DS attempted assessments of language skills and memory. Twenty-six individuals completed assessments of memory (Modified Memory Object Task, MOMT), adaptive behavior (ABAS), and receptive vocabulary (British Picture vocabulary, BPVS) at both time-points.Overall change in iPF2alpha level was negatively correlated with change in the MOMT score (Spearman's Rho =  -0.576, p = 0.006), i.e., increased lipid peroxidation was correlated with worse memory functioning over time. An increase of ≥ 0.02 ng/mg creatinine iPF2α had good sensitivity (85.7%), positive predictive value (75%,), specificity (85.7%) and negative predictive value (92.3%) for memory decline.Change in iPF2alpha over time may have potential as a biomarker for memory decline in Down syndrome and potentially also help to track progression of MCI to AD in the general population