The Community Empowerment Strategy in Protected Forest Management through Community-Based Ecotourism Development in Kalibiru Village, Kulon Progo Regency

The forest management strategies in Indonesia are starting to change from state-based forest management to community-based forest management. The changing of forest management strategies can be seen in the implementation of the Social Forestry Program at Kulon Progo Regency. This study aimed to know the strategies and benefits of community empowerment in managing protected forests by ecotourism. This research conducted on July – October 2019 in the forest farmer group of Mandiri at Kalibiru Village, Kulon Progo Regency. Data collection was done by several methods including (1) In-depth interview to the head of forest farmer group; (2) Focus group discussion with the committee of forest farmer group; (3) Field observation; and (4) Secondary data review. The data analyzed by descriptive method. The results of the study indicated that the forms of community empowerment strategies in protected forest management carried out by KTHKm Mandiri included: (1) Institutional management strategies through strong institutional governance of farmer groups; (2) Forest area management strategies through the application of the concepts of resources-based management, ecosystem-based management, and landscape-based management; (3) Forest business management strategy through the application of the concept of community-based ecotourism. The existence of Kalibiru Ecotourism has been proven to provide economic benefits to members of the group, as well as residents of the Kalibiru and surrounding communities, in the form of (1) profit sharing; (2) employment; (3) new business opportunities; and (4) social funding assistance. The existence of Kalibiru Ecotourism has also led to social changes in the residents of the Kalibiru and surrounding communities. These social changes included two dimensions, namely: (1) changes in orientation at the individual farmer level; (2) orientation changes at the farmer group level

PEMETAAN ASET PENGHIDUPAN PETANI DALAM MENGELOLA HUTAN RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL (The Farmer Livelihood Asset Mapping on Community Forest Management in Gunungkidul District)

ABSTRAKPetani dalam mengelola sumberdaya alam memerlukan aset. Aset penghidupan petani (sumberdaya manusia, sumberdaya alam, finansial, fisik dan sosial) sangat berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian tujuan penghidupan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur level aset penghidupan yang digunakan petani dalam mengelola hutan rakyat. Pendekatan penelitian dengan survei di 6 desa di Kabupaten Gunungkidul yaitu Nglanggeran, Katongan, Dengok, Sodo, Girimulyo dan Jepitu. Jumlah responden di setiap desa 30 orang, sehingga total responden adalah 180 petani. Penentuan responden dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara random. Teknik skoring dengan pembobotan digunakan untuk mengukur level aset yang digunakan petani dalam mengelola hutan rakyat berdasarkan pada Multicriteria Analysis (MCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani hutan rakyat di zona Batur Agung (bagian utara Gunungkidul) menggunakan aset berdasarkan prioritasnya yaitu aset sumberdaya manusia, sosial, sumberdaya alam, fisik dan finansial. Urutan penggunaan aset petani di zona Ledok Wonosari (bagian tengah) adalah aset sosial, sumberdaya manusia, finansial, fisik dan sumberdaya alam. Bagi petani di zona Pegunungan Seribu prioritas penggunaan aset adalah aset fisik, finansial, sosial, sumberdaya manusia dan sumberdaya alam.ABSTRACTFarmers manage natural resources require asset. Farmer livelihood assets (human resources, natural resources, financial, physical and social) greatly affect to the achievement of the livelihood objectives. The objective of this study is to measure the level of livelihood assets used by farmers in managing community forests. Data collected by survey in 6 village in Gunungkidul i.e. Nglanggeran, Katongan, Dengok, Sodo, Girimulyo and Jepitu village by interviewing 30 respondents each village, so the total respondents are 180 respondents. Weighted scoring technique used to measure the level of assets used by farmers in managing community forests based on Multicriteria Analysis (MCA). The results showed that the community forest farmers in Batur Agung zone (The northern part of Gunungkidul) using the asset based on its priority: human resource asset, social, natural resources, physical and financial. While the priority asset of farmers in Ledok Wonosari (middle of Gunungkidul) are social assets, human resources, financial, physical and natural resources. For farmers in Pegunungan Seribu (The South part of Gunungkidul) priority assets that used are physical assets, financial, social, human resource and natural resources

STRATEGI PETANI HUTAN RAKYAT DAN KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP PENGHIDUPAN DI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

The land ownership of smallholder private forest farmers is relatively narrows, so some reseachersargue that the forest product is not appropriate to fulfill daily needs. To increase and spread the privateforest management risk, farmers diversify crops into several species. In order to identify the farmerstrategy through optimizing the land, we developed household survey for 90 respondents from 3villages in Batur Agung zone, Ledok Wonosari zone and Pegunungan Seribu zone. The survey resultsshowed that private forest utilization by agroforestry is a type of local wisdom, as farmers ‘strategy tofulfill the farmers’ need. Private forest contribution toward total income in Gunungkidul is 13-40%. Thebiggest contribution for farmer in Batur Agung zone and Ledok Wonosari is from trees (59-61%), whilefor farmer in Pegunungan Seribu is from crops (59%)

Understanding Social Capital in Management of Community Forest in Indonesia

Community forests are defined as forests that grow on private land and are managed by farmers on a small scale. Most of the community forests in Indonesia are managed by farmers, who mostly use social capital in community forest management. Understanding social capital of farmers in managing community forests is important to empower them. This research was a survey conducted by involving 240 respondents in three districts: Bulukumba (South Sulawesi Province), Gunungkidul (Yogyakarta Special Province), and Pati (Central Java Province). The research showed that majority of the farmers believed that community forests can support their livelihoods. Moreover, the research used trust, norm, and network to measure the social capital employed in the community forest management. The result revealed some trusted stakeholders for intervention in community forest management across the study locations were other farmers, farmer group committees, and farmer groups. Meanwhile, the norms that the farmers used in community forest were tradition and custom. In addition, the farming network was identified to understand behavior of the farmers in forest product marketing. A total of 68% of the farmers sell timber, whereas the others (52%) sell crops. Traders are the most important stakeholder in community forest product marketing. From this identification of social capital, we could develop appropriate strategies for intervention to manage the community forests for sustainable community forest management