Karyotype differentiation in three species of Tripogandra Raf. (Commelinaceae) with different ploidy levels

Most species of the genus Tripogandra (Commelinaceae) are taxonomically poorly circumscribed, in spite of having a relatively stable basic number x = 8. Aiming to estimate the cytological variation among Tripogandra species carrying this base number, several structural karyotypic characters were investigated in the diploid T. glandulosa, the hexaploid T. serrulata, and the octoploid T. diuretica. A careful evaluation of chromosome size and morphology did not reveal clear chromosome homeologies among karyotypes. The mean chromosome size was strongly reduced in the octoploid species, but not in the hexaploid species. They also differed largely in the CMA+ banding pattern and in the number of 5S and 45S rDNA sites per monoploid chromosome complement. All three species showed proximal DAPI + heterochromatin, although in T. serrulata this kind of heterochromatin was only visible after FISH. Further, the meiosis in T. serrulata was highly irregular, suggesting that this species has a hybrid origin. The data indicate that, in spite of the conservation of the base number, these species are karyologically quite different from each other

Effects of a leucine-rich diet on body composition during nutritional recovery in rats

OBJECTIVE: Protein malnutrition is characterized by a number of morphologic and physiologic alterations, including intestinal mucosal atrophy and impaired nutrient absorption. Impaired absorption accentuates nutritional deficiency and accelerates body weight loss and changes in body chemistry. Because leucine is a ketogenic and oxidative amino acid and stimulates the protein synthesis, we examined the ability of young rats to recover from protein malnutrition by feeding them a control balanced or a leucine-rich diet for 60 d. METHODS: At the end of the 60-d period, body, liver, and muscle weights; glucose, methionine, and leucine intestinal absorption; and carcass chemical composition were evaluated. RESULTS: Body weight gain was higher in the control balanced and leucine-rich groups than in control rats, indicating that adequate refeeding allows body weight to recover in these groups. Methionine and glucose absorptions were impaired in malnourished rats but were restored after nutritional recovery. The leucine-rich diet resulted in an increase in carcass collagen nitrogen but maintained the carcass structural nitrogen. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that leucine supplementation during nutritional recovery from protein malnutrition improves protein carcass restoration. However, the precise mechanism of the leucine effects involved in this response remains to be elucidated.20221321

Effects of a leucine-rich diet on body composition during nutritional recovery in rats

OBJECTIVE: Protein malnutrition is characterized by a number of morphologic and physiologic alterations, including intestinal mucosal atrophy and impaired nutrient absorption. Impaired absorption accentuates nutritional deficiency and accelerates body weight loss and changes in body chemistry. Because leucine is a ketogenic and oxidative amino acid and stimulates the protein synthesis, we examined the ability of young rats to recover from protein malnutrition by feeding them a control balanced or a leucine-rich diet for 60 d.METHODS: At the end of the 60-d period, body, liver, and muscle weights; glucose, methionine, and leucine intestinal absorption; and carcass chemical composition were evaluated.RESULTS: Body weight gain was higher in the control balanced and leucine-rich groups than in control rats, indicating that adequate refeeding allows body weight to recover in these groups. Methionine and glucose absorptions were impaired in malnourished rats but were restored after nutritional recovery. The leucine-rich diet resulted in an increase in carcass collagen nitrogen but maintained the carcass structural nitrogen.CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that leucine supplementation during nutritional recovery from protein malnutrition improves protein carcass restoration. However, the precise mechanism of the leucine effects involved in this response remains to be elucidated

Educação em saúde: objeto de estudo em dissertações e teses de enfermeiras no Brasil Educación en salud: objeto de estudio en disertaciones y tesis de enfermeras em Brasil Health education: object of study in dissertations and theses by brazilian nurses

Objetivou-se levantar o quantitativo de dissertações e teses produzidas por enfermeiras sobre educação em saúde, identificando e analisando seus passos metodológicos. Pesquisou-se nos 17 Catálogos de Informações sobre Pesquisas e Pesquisadores do CEPEn/ABEn, publicados de 1979 a 1999. A amostra constituiu-se de 105 dissertações e 15 teses sobre a temática. Destacaram-se como objeto: doenças crônicas, ciclo gravídico-puerperal, educação em saúde, gerenciamento e situação perioperatória. Foram populações: adultos, profissionais de enfermagem, mulheres, crianças e adolescentes. A entrevista foi a técnica mais utilizada. Os autores apontam necessidade de melhoria das práticas educativas e consideraram que educação em saúde motiva mudanças no estilo de vida. Concluiu-se haver necessidade de fortalecerem-se pesquisas sobre o cotidiano da Enfermagem no contexto histórico-social.<br>Se ha objetivado conocer el cuantitativo de disertaciones y tesis producidas por enfermeras sobre educación en salud, identificando y analizando sus pasos metodológicos. Se ha investigado en los 17 Catálogos de Informaciones sobre Investigaciones e Investigadores del CEPEn/ABEn, publicados desde 1979 hasta 1999. El cuantitativo se constituyó de 105 disertaciones y 15 tesis sobre la temática. Se destacaron como objeto enfermedades crónicas, ciclo embarazo-puerperal, educación en salud, gerencia y situación perioperatoria. Fueron poblaciones: adultos, profesionales de enfermería, mujeres, niños, y adolescentes. La encuesta fue la técnica más utilizada. Los autores indican la necesidad de mejoras de las prácticas educativas y consideraron que educación en salud motiva cambios en el estilo de vida. Se concluyó que hay necesidad de fortalecer las investigaciones que exploren el cotidiano de la Enfermería en el contexto histórico y social.<br>This study was aimed at surveying the quantity of dissertations and theses written by nurses on health education, identifying and analyzing their methodological steps. 17 Catalogs of Information about Research and Researchers from CEPEn/ABEn - published from 1979 to 1999 - have been examined. The sample comprises 105 dissertations and 15 theses about the theme. Chronic diseases, pregnancy-puerperal cycle, health education, management and perisurgery situation have stood out as objects of study. The populations were adults, nursing professionals, women, children and adolescents. Interviewing was the most used technique. Authors indicated the need to improve educative practices and considered that health education motivates changes in lifestyle. It was concluded that there is a need to strengthen research into the everyday of Nursing in a historical and social context