Sequential effects of aerobic training on the plasma and cardiac renin angiotensin system in SHR. Analysis of oxidative stress, inflammatory profile and cardiac remodeling.

A hipertensão arterial é acompanhada de hiperatividade do sistema renina angiotensina (SRA). Demonstramos em ratos SHR que a hiperativação do SRA plasmático antecede o cardíaco. A hiperatividade do SRA foi acompanhada de aumento do estresse oxidativo, perfil inflamatório, hipertrofia cardíaca e deposição de colágeno no ventrículo esquerdo (VE) de SHR. O treinamento aeróbio de baixa a moderada promoveu pronta redução do SRA cardíaco e plasmático seguido por normalização do estresse oxidativo e redução da inflamação no VE. Embora não houve alteração na hipertrofia cardíaca, observamos redução da deposição de colágeno no VE de SHR treinados. Sugerimos que a redução do SRA foi determinante na modulação dos parâmetros analisados contribuindo para a manutenção das estruturas cardíacas e evitando remodelamento cardíaco deletério nos SHR treinados.The hypertension is followed by renin angiotensin system hyperactivity (RAS). We have showed in SHR rats that plasma RAS hyperactivity precedes the cardiac RAS hyperactivity. Furthermore the RAS hyperactivity was followed by oxidative stress and inflammation increase as well as left ventricle (LV) collagen deposition in SHR. The aerobic training promoted prompt cardiac and plasma RAS activity reduction. It was followed by oxidative stress normalization and inflammatory reduction. Although we did not observe cardiac hypertrophy change, the collagen deposition was reduced in SHR trained group. We suggest the RAS activity reduction as a determinant condition to the beneficial adaptations occurred in the parameters analyzed. Thus contributing to maintenance of cardiac structures and avoids the deleterious cardiac remodeling in SHR

Sequential effects of aerobic training on the expression of Ang I, Ang II and Ang (1-7) in different arterial segments of SHR and WKY.

A hiperatividade do Sistema Renina Angiotensina (SRA) está intimamente relacionada a hipertensão. Avaliamos os efeitos sequênciais do treinamento aeróbio e sedentarismo sobre a pressão arterial média (PAM), frequência cardíaca (FC) e o SRA vascular em ratos SHR e WKY. Ao início dos protocolos SHR vs WKY apresentaram elevada PAM e FC. Ang II era superior em SHR vs WKY nas artérias renais, femorais e carótidas. O conteúdo de Ang (1-7) em SHR vs WKY era inferior nas renais, superior nas femorais e nas carótidas. O treinamento promoveu já na primeira semana redução de Ang II nas renais e aorta de SHR e WKY, femorais e carótidas de SHR; redução de Ang (1-7) nas renais, carótidas e aorta de SHR e WKY, e femoral de SHR. Redução da PAM foi observada apenas nos SHR a partir da 8ª semana de treinamento, por outro lado SHR e WKY apresentaram bradicardia de repouso na 2ª e 8ª semanas respectivamente. Em linhas gerais o treinamento promoveu imediata, progressiva e mantida redução da Ang II e Ang (1-7) vascular, favorecendo a redução da PAM nos SHR e da FC em ambos os grupos.Hyperactivity of the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) is closely related to hypertension. We evaluated the effects of aerobic training and sedentarism on blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR) and vascular RAS in SHR and WKY. At the beginning of protocols SHR vs. WKY showed high MAP and HR. Ang II was higher in SHR vs. WKY renal, femoral and carotid arteries. The contents of Ang (1-7) in SHR vs. WKY was lower in renal than in the femoral and carotid arteries. The training caused a reduction in the first week of Ang II in renal artery and aorta of SHR and WKY, femoral and carotid arteries SHR. And reduction of Ang (1-7) in renal artery, carotid and aorta of SHR and WKY, with reduction only in SHR femoral artery. Reduction of MAP was observed only in SHR from 8 weeks of training, on the other hand SHR and WKY had resting bradycardia at 2 and 8 weeks respectively. In general the training caused immediate, sustained and progressive reduction of Ang II and Ang (1-7) vascular, favoring the reduction in MAP in SHR

Intrauterine growth restriction increases circulating mitochondrial DNA and Toll-like receptor 9 expression in adult offspring: could aerobic training counteract these adaptations?

It has been demonstrated that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can program increase cardiometabolic risk. There are also evidences of the correlation between IUGR with low-grade inflammation and, thus can contribute to development of several cardiometabolic comorbidities. Therefore, we investigated the influence of IUGR on circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)/Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and TNF-alpha expression in adult offspring. Considering that the aerobic training has anti-inflammatory actions, we also investigated whether aerobic training would improve these inflammatory factors. Pregnant Wistar rats received ad libitum or 50% of ad libitum diet throughout gestation. At 8 weeks of age, male offspring from both groups were randomly assigned to control, trained control, restricted and trained restricted. Aerobic training protocol was performed on a treadmill and after that, we evaluated circulating mtDNA, cardiac protein expression of TLR9, plasma and cardiac TNF-levels, and left ventricle (LV) mass. We found that IUGR promoted an increase in the circulating mtDNA, TLR9 expression and plasma TNF-alpha levels. Further, our results revealed that aerobic training can restore mtDNA/TLR9 content and plasma levels of TNF-alpha among restricted rats. The cardiac TNF-alpha content and LV mass were not influenced either by IUGR or aerobic training. In conclusion, IUGR can program mtDNA/TLR9 content, which may lead to high levels of TNF-alpha. However, aerobic training was able to normalize these alterations. These findings evidenced that the association of IUGR and aerobic training seems to exert an important interaction effect regarding pro-inflammatory condition and, aerobic training may be used as a strategy to reduce deleterious adaptations in IUGR offspring.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Nephrol, Sch Med, Rua Botucatu,703, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Physiol Dept, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Pharmacol Dept, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Physiol Dept, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Div Nephrol, Sch Med, Rua Botucatu,703, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Physiol Dept, Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2013/03139-0FAPESP: 2013/00311-6Web of Scienc

Correlações entre caracteres da planta e do cacho em bananeira (Musa spp) Correlations among characters of the plant and of the bunch in banana (Musa spp.)

Os caracteres observados em áreas experimentais têm natureza fenotípica e suas correlações são estimadas visando mensurar alterações em um caráter quando se altera outro relacionado. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, quantificar a relação entre os caracteres da planta e do cacho observados na época do florescimento e da colheita de 13 genótipos (variedades e híbridos) de bananeira (Musa spp.), em dois ciclos de produção, em Guanambi, Bahia. Foram utilizadas as variedades Prata anã, Pacovan (AAB), Grande naine e Nanicão (AAA), e os híbridos PA42-44, PV42-85, PV42-142, PV42-68 e ST12-31 (AAAB) e Ambrosia, Calipso, Bucaneiro e FHIA02 (AAAA), selecionados na Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura. Consideraram-se os caracteres: altura da planta; perímetro do pseudocaule; número de folhas vivas no florescimento e na colheita; número de dias do plantio ao florescimento e à colheita; intervalo florescimento à colheita; peso do cacho, da ráquis e da pencas; comprimento e diâmetro do engaço; número de pencas e de frutos; peso da segunda penca; peso, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto e espessura da casca. As correlações entre o peso do cacho e os demais caracteres estudados, variaram entre genótipos e ciclos. As associações entre o peso do cacho e os caracteres da planta, de forma geral foram não-significativas, e entre o peso do cacho e os caracteres do cacho significativas e positivas para a maioria dos genótipos, nos ciclos avaliados. As correlações entre os caracteres envolvendo todos os genótipos ao longo dos dois ciclos foram predominantemente positivas e não- significativas, entretanto, as associações entre os caracteres do cacho foram em maioria significativas, positivas e com valores expressivos.<br>The characters observed in a experimental areas has phenotypic nature and their correlations are estimated with the purpose to verify alterations in one character when is altered another. The objectives of this work were to quantify the relationships among characters development and yield attributes in flowering and harvesting periods of 13 banana (Musa spp.) genotypes (varieties and hybrids), in Guanambi State of Bahia, Brazil. The varieties were Prata anã e Pacovan (AAB), Grande naine e Nanicão (AAA), and the hybrids PA42-44, PV42-85, PV42-142, PV42-68 e ST12-31 (AAAB) e Ambrosia, Calipso, Bucaneiro e FHIA02 (AAAA), selected in Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura. The characters analyzed were plant height; pseudostem perimeter; number of functional leaves in the flowering and in the harvesting; number of days from planting to flowering and to harvesting; number of days from flowering to harvesting; bunch weight, of raquis and of the hands; length and diameter of the peduncle; number of hands and fruits; weight of the second hand; weight, length and diameter of finger and peel thickness. The correlations among the weight of the bunch and the other studied characters, varied among the genotypes and cycles. The associations among the weight of the bunch and the characters of the plant, in a general were no significant, and among the weight of the bunch and the characters of the bunch significant and positive for most of the genotypes in the two cycles evaluated. The correlations among the characters involving all the genotypes along the two cycles was predominantly positive and no significant, however, the associations among the characters of the bunch were in majority significant, positive and with expressive values

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq