Analyzing Project Management Maturity Level in Indonesia

Project management has been generally known and increasingly used by many organizations to gain competitive advantage. In this context, many studies have proposed maturity models to evaluate how project management knowledge has been deployed effectively and efficiently in organization. As a developing country, Indonesia needs many development projects managed by government and private companies in different industries. Here, a study to assess project management maturity level in Indonesian businesses may bring insight about current business practices, which is important to speed up country development and business sustainability.  Adapting the Project Management Maturity Model (ProMMM), a survey instrument has been developed and applied to professionals from Jakarta and surrounding area.  The result of analysis shows that construction and primary industry have a higher maturity level compare to manufacturing and services.  It is to be noted, however, that the level of project management understanding is low across industries.  This indicates that more quality project management training or certification is required to improve overall project management knowledge in Indonesia

Environmental problems and opportunities of the peri-urban interface and their impact upon the poor

The objective of this document is to provide an overview of the problems and opportunities of the peri-urban interface (PUI) with regard to the broad concerns of environmentalsustainability and poverty

Vortex state microwave response in superconducting cuprates and MgB2_2

We investigate the physics of the microwave response in YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-\delta}$, SmBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-\delta}$ and MgB$_{2}$ in the vortex state. We first recall the theoretical basics of vortex-state microwave response in the London limit. We then present a wide set of measurements of the field, temperature, and frequency dependences of the vortex state microwave complex resistivity in superconducting thin films, measured by a resonant cavity and by swept-frequency Corbino disk. The combination of these techniques allows for a comprehensive description of the microwave response in the vortex state in these innovative superconductors. In all materials investigated we show that flux motion alone cannot take into account all the observed experimental features, neither in the frequency nor in the field dependence. The discrepancy can be resolved by considering the (usually neglected) contribution of quasiparticles to the response in the vortex state. The peculiar, albeit different, physics of the superconducting materials here considered, namely two-band superconductivity in MgB$_{2}$ and superconducting gap with lines of nodes in cuprates, give rise to a substantially increased contribution of quasiparticles to the field-dependent microwave response. With careful combined analysis of the data it is possible to extract or infer many interesting quantities related to the vortex state, such as the temperature-dependent characteristic vortex frequency and vortex viscosity, the field dependence of the quasiparticle density, the temperature dependence of the $\sigma$-band superfluid density in MgB$_{2}$Comment: 51 pages, 27 figures, to appear as a book chapter (Nova Science

Surface impedance of superconductive thin films as a function of frequency in microwave range

We report measurements of the complex resistivity in $YBCO$ and $MgB_2$ thin films over a continuous frequency spectrum in the microwave range, making use of a Corbino disk geometry. The paper mainly focuses on the extraction of the resistivity from raw data, displaying data analisys procedure and its limits of validity. We obtain and show resistivity curves as a function of frequency and temperature denoting a frequency dependent widening of the superconductive transition.Comment: 8 pages, Latex, 5 figure

Strong Reduction of the Field-Dependent Microwave Surface Resistance in YBCO with BaZrO_3 Inclusions

We present measurements of the magnetic field dependent microwave surface resistance in laser-ablated YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ films on SrTiO$_3$ substrates. BaZrO$_3$ crystallites were included in the films using composite targets containing BaZrO$_3$ inclusions with mean grain size smaller than 1 $\mu$m. X-ray diffraction showed single epitaxial relationship between BaZrO$_3$ and YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$. The effective surface resistance was measured at 47.7 GHz for 60$< T <$90 K and 0$< \mu_0H <$0.8 T. The magnetic field had a very different effect on pristine YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ and YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$/BaZrO$_3$, while for $\mu_0H=$0 only a reduction of $T_c$ in the YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$/BaZrO$_3$ film was observed, consistent with dc measurements. At low enough $T$, in moderate fields YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$/BaZrO$_3$ exhibited an intrinsic thin film resistance lower than the pure film. The results clearly indicate that BaZrO$_3$ inclusions determine a strong reduction of the field-dependent surface resistance. From the analysis of the data in the framework of simple models for the microwave surface impedance in the mixed state we argue that BaZrO$_3$ inclusions determine very steep pinning potentials.Comment: LaTeX, 6 pages, 4 figures, uses jpconf.cls and jpconf11.clo class files, talk given at EUCAS 2007, submitted to J. Phys.: Conf. Serie

New aspects of microwave properties of Nb in the mixed state

We present a study of the frequency dependence of the vortex dynamics in a conventional superconductor. We have employed a swept-frequency, Corbino-disk technique to investigate the temperature (3.6K-Tc) and high-field (from Hc2/2 to Hc2) microwave complex resistivity in Nb thin (20-40 nm) films as a function of the frequency (1-20 GHz). We have found several previously unnoticed features: (i) a field-dependent depinning frequency in the GHz range; (ii) deviations from the accepted frequency dependence, that can be ascribed to some kind of vortex creep; (iii) the presence of switching phenomena, reminiscent of vortex instabilities. We discuss the possible origin of the features here reported.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, presented at VORTEX VI Conference, to appear on Physica

Vortex state microwave resistivity in Tl-2212 thin films

We present measurements of the field induced changes in the 47 GHz complex resistivity, $\Delta \tilde \rho(H,T)$, in Tl$_{2}$Ba$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+x}$ (TBCCO) thin films with $T_{c}\simeq$ 105 K, prepared on CeO$_{2}$ buffered sapphire substrates. At low fields ($\mu_{0}H<$10 mT) a very small irreversible feature is present, suggesting a little role of intergranular phenomena. Above that level $\Delta \tilde \rho(H,T)$ exhibits a superlinear dependence with the field, as opposed to the expected (at high frequencies) quasilinear behaviour. We observe a crossover between predominantly imaginary to predominantly real (dissipative) response with increasing temperature and/or field. In addition, we find the clear scaling property $\Delta \tilde \rho(H,T)=\Delta \tilde \rho[H/H^{*}(T)]$, where the scaling field $H^{*}(T)$ maps closely the melting field measured in single crystals. We discuss our microwave results in terms of loss of flux lines rigidity.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, proceedings of 9th HTSHFF, accepted for publication on J. Supercon

Effect of nanosize BaZrO3 inclusions on vortex parameters in YBaCuO

We report on the field dependence of the microwave complex resistivity data in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$/BaZrO$_3$ films grown by PLD at various BaZrO$_3$ content. The data, analyzed within a recently developed general framework for the mixed-state microwave response of superconductors, yield the field dependence of the fluxon parameters such as the vortex viscosity and the pinning constant. We find that pinning undergoes a change of regime when the BaZrO$_3$ content in the target increases from 2.5 mol.% to 5 mol.%. Simultaneously, the vortex viscosity becomes an increasing function of the applied magnetic field. We propose a scenario in which flux lines are pinned as bundles, and a crossover from dilute point pins to dense c-axis correlated defects takes place between 2.5 and 5 mol.% in the BZO concentration. Our data are inconsistent with vortices occupying mainly the BaZrO$_3$ sites at low fields, and suggest instead that vortices occupy both BaZrO$_3$ sites and interstitials in the YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$ matrix, even at low fields.Comment: Presented at EUCAS 2009, to be published in J. Phys.:Conf. Serie

Directional pinning and anisotropy in YBa2Cu3O7-x with BaZrO3 nanorods: intrinsic and nanorods-induced anisotropy

We present a study of the anisotropic vortex parameters as obtained from measurements of the microwave complex resistivity in the vortex state with a tilted applied magnetic field in YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films with BaZrO3 nanorods. We present the angular dependence of the vortex viscosity $\eta$, the pinning constant k_p and the upper limit for the creep factor \chi_M. We show that the directional effect of the nanorods is absent in \eta, which is dictated by the mass anisotropy \gamma. By contrast, pinning-mediated properties are strongly affected by the nanorods. It is significant that the pinning and creep affected by the nanorods is detectable also at our very high operating frequency, which implies very short-range displacements of the vortices from their equilibrium position.Comment: Proceedings of VORTEX VIII Conference, to be published in Physica