Mananoligossacarídeo em dietas para leitões desmamados

Foi realizado um ensaio com o objetivo de avaliar o uso de mananoligossacarídeo (MOS) em dietas para leitões na fase de creche, quanto ao desempenho, incidência de  diarreia e parâmetros sanguíneos. Foram comparados diferentes níveis de MOS (0, 0,1 e 0,2%) em dietas para leitões desmamados aos 21 dias de idade com peso de 5,28 ± 0,90 kg, sendo utilizados 72 animais da linhagem comercial Topigs (36 machos castrados e 36 fêmeas). Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso para controlar diferenças iniciais de peso. Os resultados demonstraram que a inclusão de MOS nas dietas de leitões recém desmamados não promoveu melhoras no ganho diário de peso, no consumo diário de ração e na conversão alimentar. Embora tenha sido observada redução na incidência de diarreia nos animais alimentados com dieta contendo 0,2% de MOS, a adição deste prebiótico não proporcionou melhores desempenho e resposta imunológica dos leitões. Com estes resultados, não é possível recomendar a adição de nenhum nível do produto avaliado.An assay was carried out to evaluate the use of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) in piglet diets on performance, diarrhea incidence and blood parameters. Different levels of MOS inclusion (0, 0.1 and 0.2%) for pig diets were compared. A total of 72 piglets of Topigs lineage weaned at 21 days of age with 5.28 ± 0.90 kg of live weight were used. It was used a randomized block design to control differences between initial weights of replicates. The results show that MOS inclusion in weaning pig diets did not promote better results on daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion. Although reduction in diarrhea incidence was observed in animals fed with 0.2% MOS diet, this prebiotic did not improve the immune response of piglets. Any level of MOS evaluated is recommended for piglets

Purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp as a source of fiber for weaned piglets

Dietary fiber is an important component, which has a direct effect on intake, digestion, and absorption of nutrients; and also alters intestinal microbiota and morphology according to solubility. One digestibility trial and one performance experiment were performed to evaluate the effects of sources of fiber in diets for 21 day weaned piglets. The experimental diets used in both trials consisted of a control diet and diets with purified cellulose, soybean hulls or citrus pulp as a main source of dietary fiber. To evaluate the digestibility of nutrients (Assay 1), the total feces and urine collection method was used. The fiber sources did not affect nutrient digestibility, except for soluble fiber, which increased with the inclusion of citrus (Citrus sinensisL.) pulp. To evaluate performance, morphophysiology and microbiology of the digestive tract of weaned piglets, a total of 32 castrated male piglets was used. Slaughter of animals was implemented at 35 and 50 days of age. The use of soybean (Glycine max L.) hulls and citrus pulp in diets increased the number of goblet cells and the density of villi in the jejunum. The viscosities of stomach and cecum contents increased due to the addition of citrus pulp. Soybean hulls and the citrus pulp included in diets reduced the occurrence of E. coli in the small intestines of piglets slaughtered at 35 days of age. Among the fiber sources, purified cellulose in piglet diets promotes better performance of animals, due to the modulation of the small intestine microbiota, with lower E. coli occurrence resulting in higher villus density

Purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp as a source of fiber for weaned piglets

Dietary fiber is an important component, which has a direct effect on intake, digestion, and absorption of nutrients; and also alters intestinal microbiota and morphology according to solubility. One digestibility trial and one performance experiment were performed to evaluate the effects of sources of fiber in diets for 21 day weaned piglets. The experimental diets used in both trials consisted of a control diet and diets with purified cellulose, soybean hulls or citrus pulp as a main source of dietary fiber. To evaluate the digestibility of nutrients (Assay 1), the total feces and urine collection method was used. The fiber sources did not affect nutrient digestibility, except for soluble fiber, which increased with the inclusion of citrus (Citrus sinensisL.) pulp. To evaluate performance, morphophysiology and microbiology of the digestive tract of weaned piglets, a total of 32 castrated male piglets was used. Slaughter of animals was implemented at 35 and 50 days of age. The use of soybean (Glycine max L.) hulls and citrus pulp in diets increased the number of goblet cells and the density of villi in the jejunum. The viscosities of stomach and cecum contents increased due to the addition of citrus pulp. Soybean hulls and the citrus pulp included in diets reduced the occurrence of E. coli in the small intestines of piglets slaughtered at 35 days of age. Among the fiber sources, purified cellulose in piglet diets promotes better performance of animals, due to the modulation of the small intestine microbiota, with lower E. coli occurrence resulting in higher villus density

Effects of phytase on pig diets digestibilities, bone mineral deposition, performance and manure production

Two trials were conducted to evaluate phytase addition to diets with corn, rice and soybean meals for swine. In the first trial, the digestibilities of gross energy and crude protein and the availabilities of calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) of diets with or without phytase were evaluated in growing barrows (BW 20.42 ± 2.45 kg), using the total feces and feed collection methods. In the second trial, the parameters evaluated were pig performance, mineral contents in the 3rd and 4th metacarpals, feces production and composition of growing and finishing gilts fed one of the following diets: Positive control (PC), formulated to achieve nutrient and energy requirements of growing and finishing gilts; Negative control (NC), diet PC meeting 84% and 65% of Ca and P levels, respectively; Negative control + phytase (PHY), diet NC + 0.01% phytase (500 FTU/kg). Phytase addition improved P and Ca availabilities in 14.34% and 4.08%, respectively, compared with the diet with no phytase, in trial one. In trial two, the deposition of zinc in the metacarpals was improved by the enzyme and Ca, P and copper fecal excretions of the animals from the PC diet were greater than that observed for the PHY animals. Phytase addition improved the use of phytic phosphorous and calcium by the pigs and is recommended as a way to reduce the potential environmental impact of swine production. </p

Digestibilidade, desempenho e características morfofisiológicas do trato digestório de leitões desmamados sob dietas com mananoligossacarídeo

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição do prebiótico mananoligossacarídeo (MOS) nas dietas de leitões sobre a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, o desempenho e as características morfofisiológicas do trato digestório. No primeiro experimento, foram utilizados 16 leitões com peso de 24,8±2,79 kg. Utilizou-se o método de coleta total de fezes para determinar a digestibilidade das rações controle e com 0,5% de prebiótico. No segundo experimento, avaliaram-se o desempenho e a incidência de diarreia em 30 leitoas com idade entre 22 e 63 dias e peso inicial de 6,28±1,40 kg. No terceiro experimento, foram avaliados a morfometria intestinal, os pesos relativos do fígado e do pâncreas e o pH dos conteúdos do estômago, intestino delgado e ceco em 15 leitoas com idade entre 22 e 63 dias e peso inicial de 5,74±0,93 kg. No segundo e terceiro experimentos, os tratamentos foram: controle positivo (dieta basal + sulfato de neomicina); controle negativo (dieta basal) e os tratamentos dieta basal acrescida de 0,25, 0,50 ou 0,75% de MOS. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso. A utilização de diferentes níveis de mananoligassacarídeo nas dietas dos leitões não promove melhorias na digestibilidade dos nutrientes, no desempenho ou nas características morfofisiológicas do trato digestório.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) to piglet diets on digestibility of nutrients, performance and morphophysiological characteristics of the digestive tract. In the first experiment, 16 piglets with a weight of 24.8±2.79 kg were used. Total feces were collected to determine the digestibility of the control feed and feed with 0.5% prebiotic. In the second experiment, 30 gilts with ages ranging from 22 to 63 days and a mean weight of 6.28±1.40 kg were used to evaluate diarrhea performance and incidence. In the third experiment, 15 gilts ranging from 22 to 63 days in age and a mean weight of 5.74±0.93 kg were used to evaluate intestinal morphology, relative weight of the liver and pancreas, and pH of the stomach, small intestine and cecum contents. In the second and third experiments, the treatments used were: positive control (basal diet + neomycin sulfate), negative control (basal diet) and basal diet with 0.25, 0.50 or 0.75% of MOS added. The experimental design was in randomized blocks. The use of different levels of MOS in piglet diets does not promote better digestibility of the nutrients, performance and morphophysiological characteristics of digestive tract