proposta e análise de um conteúdo programático

Tese de mestrado, Educação artística, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Belas Artes, 2011This study aims to investigate how the use of a specific syllabus built around the convergence with works of art fosters the development of four and five year old children, with regard to concepts, behaviour and performance of activities of artistic expression. The aim is made explicit through the body of scientific literature that evokes the free expression of the child, and identifies the school and its professionals as being responsible for the stimulation of child creativity, the convergence with works of art is one of the possible pathways. The study evaluated the impact of specific syllabus content that focused on the ability of children to identify and distinguish different forms of art, to contemplate diverse activities and materials of the artistic expression area, and to combine various materials in the same creation. Twenty children aged four and five years and attending two classes in a nursery school in Lisbon took part in the study. These children were subjected to a specific experimental condition developed in ten intervention sessions. This study adopts the function of a case study. The results showed significant changes in the behaviour and performance of the children in relation to the use of materials, the discovery of new technical and material possibilities and in identifying different forms of art. It can therefore be concluded that it is possible to stimulate the development of these abilities in four and five year old children, and that the use of a syllabus built around the convergence with works of art is enriching in the nursery school environment

Das rimas infantis à poesia em geral – um universo por explorar na educação de infância

O presente artigo decorre da problemática mais significativa – a importância das rimas infantis e da poesia na educação de infância - que emergiu na Prática Profissional Supervisionada (ocorrida em contexto de creche e de jardim de infância) no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação Pré-escolar entre os meses de Janeiro e Maio de 2013. A reflexão inicia-se no sentido de evidenciar as diferenças entre estes dois conceitos (rimas infantis e poesia) e de distinguir o tipo de trabalho que pode ser desenvolvido sobre esta matéria em cada uma das valências. Ao longo deste artigo procuraremos ilustrar a nossa prática através da descrição de situações e atividades reais que ocorreram nas duas valências e que permitiram desenvolver aprendizagens integradas e significativas para as crianças sobre esta temática. A pertinência da discussão em torno deste tema justifica-se pela necessidade do profissional de educação de infância compreender como é que a prática que valoriza a exploração de rimas e da poesia contribui para o desenvolvimento de competências significativas, com particular enfoque na área da linguagem

Constraint-Induced Language Therapy: Treatment Effects on Two Individuals with Moderate to Severe Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech

Constraint-induced language therapy (CILT) has proven to be an effective treatment for improving naming in some individuals with chronic aphasia.  Whether constraint to the speech modality or treatment intensity is responsible for such gains is still under investigation.  Two individuals with moderate-to-severe chronic aphasia and apraxia of speech (AOS) were treated simultaneously, first in an unconstrained, intensive treatment program (PACE) and later using CILT. Both participants made more and faster gains in naming following CILT. The participant with less severe AOS made greater and more enduring gains, possibly due to more errorless practice

Estudio de caso: la industria de flores en Colombia

En el presente informe se pretende dar a conocer la situación actual del sistema logístico de la industria de flores en Colombia en cuanto a la cadena de distribución, producción y venta de flores, liquidación actual de la venta de rosas en el exterior y situación de oferta de las flores colombianas. Un adecuado sistema logístico consiente en mejorar y beneficios a las organizaciones que deseen adquirir un eficiente manejo en sus sistemas de producción, distribución, transporte y calidad de sus productos y servicios, uno de los muchos beneficios de aplicar un sistema logístico son la reducción de costos, tiempos de entregas, calidad del producto final y rentabilidad económica para la organización.This report is expected to present the current situation of the logistics system of the flower industry in Colombia in terms of the chain of distribution, production and sale of flowers, current settlement of the sale of roses abroad and supply situation of the Colombian flowers. An adequate logistics system agrees to improve and benefit organizations that wish to acquire efficient management in their production, distribution, transport and quality systems of their products and services, one of the many benefits of applying a logistics system is cost reduction , delivery times, quality of the final product and economic profitability for the organization

Estudio de caso: La Industria de Flores en Colombia

Este proyecto está enfocado al estudio de caso de la Industria de flores en Colombia su logística de exportación de flores. Los temas tratados a lo largo del estudio de caso es se centra en la investigación de proveedores tanto del producto como operador logístico y los criterios y especificaciones que debe de cumplir cada uno, entidades relacionadas para desarrollar la exportación, análisis interno de la microempresa y la viabilidad económica del proyecto. Este trabajo busca establecer todas las variables que se pueden presentar al momento de desarrollar una exportación, y cómo manejar cada una. Se establecen los costos relacionados para establecer el capital necesario para desarrollar una exportación de flores a otros países y crear una idea de la capacidad financiera que se debe de tener.This project is focused on the case study of the Flower Industry in Colombia, its flower export logistics. The topics discussed throughout the case study is focused on the investigation of suppliers of both the product and the logistics operator and the criteria and specifications that each one must meet, related entities to develop the export, internal analysis of the microenterprise and the economic viability of the project. This work seeks to establish all the variables that can be presented at the time of developing an export, and how to handle each one. The related costs are established to establish the capital necessary to develop an export of flowers to other countries and to create an idea of the financial capacity that must be had

Impacto De La Dorsalgia En La Salud De Los Conductores De La Empresa Cosmotrans S.A.S De La Ciudad De Bogotá.

Caracterizar el impacto de la dorsalgia en el personal operativo de la empresa Cosmotrans S.A.S, a través de la recolección sistemática, continúa y oportuna de la información relacionada a las condiciones osteomusculares de la población objeto de estudio, con la finalidad de reducir el grado de riesgo en la salud de los trabajadores expuestos.El presente trabajo investigativo se realizó con el objetivo de caracterizar el impacto de la dorsalgia en el personal operativo de la empresa COSMOTRANS S.A.S, a través de la recolección sistemática, continúa y oportuna de la información relacionada a las condiciones osteomusculares de la población objeto de estudio, con la finalidad de reducir el grado de riesgo en la salud de los trabajadores expuestos, así mismo, identificar la sintomatología de riesgo biomecánico y formular una estrategia de prevención para minimizar el riesgo biomecánico de dicho personal. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante una metodología cuantitativa con alcance descriptivo. La muestra fue de 51 conductores. Se evalúa las condiciones laborales en riesgo biomecánico de los trabajadores operativos mediante el método REBA, así mismo, se identificó la sintomatología de riesgos biomecánicos con el formulario de encuesta en línea. Las posturas adoptadas por los conductores fueron registradas mediante fotografías y anotaciones en tiempo realThe present research work was carried out with the objective of characterizing the impact of back pain in the operating personnel of the COSMOTRANS SAS company, through the systematic, continuous and timely collection of information related to the musculoskeletal conditions of the population under study. , in order to reduce the degree of risk to the health of exposed workers, likewise, identify the symptoms of biomechanical risk and formulate a prevention strategy to minimize the biomechanical risk of said personnel. The research was carried out using a quantitative methodology with a descriptive scope. The sample consisted of 51 drivers. The working conditions in biomechanical risk of the operative workers are evaluated using the REBA method, likewise, the symptoms of biomechanical risks were identified with the online survey form. The positions adopted by the drivers were recorded by means of photographs and annotations in real tim

Impacto De La Dorsalgia En La Salud De Los Conductores De La Empresa Cosmotrans S.A.S De La Ciudad De Bogotá.

Caracterizar el impacto de la dorsalgia en el personal operativo de la empresa Cosmotrans S.A.S, a través de la recolección sistemática, continúa y oportuna de la información relacionada a las condiciones osteomusculares de la población objeto de estudio, con la finalidad de reducir el grado de riesgo en la salud de los trabajadores expuestos.El presente trabajo investigativo se realizó con el objetivo de caracterizar el impacto de la dorsalgia en el personal operativo de la empresa COSMOTRANS S.A.S, a través de la recolección sistemática, continúa y oportuna de la información relacionada a las condiciones osteomusculares de la población objeto de estudio, con la finalidad de reducir el grado de riesgo en la salud de los trabajadores expuestos, así mismo, identificar la sintomatología de riesgo biomecánico y formular una estrategia de prevención para minimizar el riesgo biomecánico de dicho personal. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante una metodología cuantitativa con alcance descriptivo. La muestra fue de 51 conductores. Se evalúa las condiciones laborales en riesgo biomecánico de los trabajadores operativos mediante el método REBA, así mismo, se identificó la sintomatología de riesgos biomecánicos con el formulario de encuesta en línea. Las posturas adoptadas por los conductores fueron registradas mediante fotografías y anotaciones en tiempo realThe present research work was carried out with the objective of characterizing the impact of back pain in the operating personnel of the COSMOTRANS SAS company, through the systematic, continuous and timely collection of information related to the musculoskeletal conditions of the population under study. , in order to reduce the degree of risk to the health of exposed workers, likewise, identify the symptoms of biomechanical risk and formulate a prevention strategy to minimize the biomechanical risk of said personnel. The research was carried out using a quantitative methodology with a descriptive scope. The sample consisted of 51 drivers. The working conditions in biomechanical risk of the operative workers are evaluated using the REBA method, likewise, the symptoms of biomechanical risks were identified with the online survey form. The positions adopted by the drivers were recorded by means of photographs and annotations in real tim

Transplacental Transmission of Leishmania infantum as a Means for Continued Disease Incidence in North America

Dogs are a favored feeding source for sand flies that transmit human L. infantum infection. Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) is an emerging problem in some U.S. dog breeds, with over 20% of at-risk Foxhounds infected. Although classically Leishmania is transmitted by infected sand flies which exist in the United States, no role has yet been determined for vector-borne transmission. Means of ongoing L. infantum transmission in U.S. dogs is unknown. Possibilities include transplacental and horizontal/venereal transmission. Aims for this study were to establish whether transplacental transmission occurred in Leishmania-infected U.S. dogs and determine the effect of this transmission on immune recognition of Leishmania. This novel report describes wide-spread infection as identified by kqPCR in 8 day-old pups born to a naturally-infected, seropositive U.S. dog with no travel history. This is the first report of transplacental transmission of L. infantum in naturally-infected dogs in North America. Evidence that mom-to-pup transmission of ZVL may continue disease in an otherwise non-endemic region has significant implications on current control strategies for ZVL. Determining frequency of vertical transmission and incorporating canine sterilization with vector control may have a more significant impact on ZVL transmission to people in endemic areas than current control efforts

CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination

Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should be shared under the same license terms (CC BY-NC-SA). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Factors influencing terrestriality in primates of the Americas and Madagascar

Among mammals, the order Primates is exceptional in having a high taxonomic richness in which the taxa are arboreal, semiterrestrial, or terrestrial. Although habitual terrestriality is pervasive among the apes and African and Asian monkeys (catarrhines), it is largely absent among monkeys of the Americas (platyrrhines), as well as galagos, lemurs, and lorises (strepsirrhines), which are mostly arboreal. Numerous ecological drivers and species-specific factors are suggested to set the conditions for an evolutionary shift from arboreality to terrestriality, and current environmental conditions may provide analogous scenarios to those transitional periods. Therefore, we investigated predominantly arboreal, diurnal primate genera from the Americas and Madagascar that lack fully terrestrial taxa, to determine whether ecological drivers (habitat canopy cover, predation risk, maximum temperature, precipitation, primate species richness, human population density, and distance to roads) or species-specific traits (bodymass, group size, and degree of frugivory) associate with increased terrestriality. We collated 150,961 observation hours across 2,227 months from 47 species at 20 sites in Madagascar and 48 sites in the Americas. Multiple factors were associated with ground use in these otherwise arboreal species, including increased temperature, a decrease in canopy cover, a dietary shift away from frugivory, and larger group size. These factors mostly explain intraspecific differences in terrestriality. As humanity modifies habitats and causes climate change, our results suggest that species already inhabiting hot, sparsely canopied sites, and exhibiting more generalized diets, are more likely to shift toward greater ground use