Construção e enfrentamentos da tradição das serenatas e serestas em Conservatória

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas configurações das manifestações das serenatas e serestas que se realizam em Conservatória, um pequeno distrito que tem o registro dessas manifestações desde o século XIX. Contudo, começou a ser alvo de interesse em registro como patrimônio cultural imaterial agora no século XXI. O ponto de abordagem foi o desenvolvimento dessa manifestação ao longo do tempo, as construções que foram realizadas em torno de conceitos como memória e tradição. E, como um grupo de seresteiros foi alicerçando um movimento que procura preservar essas tradições. Dentro do contexto, alguns conflitos e disputas, processos de silenciamento e apagamento de elementos constituintes do processo de construção dessa tradição. Apresenta ainda o interesse em fazer a patrimonialização da manifestação da serenata, bem como as relações de interação com o turismo e outras manifestações locais.This article aims to present some settings of the manifestations of serenatas and serestas which take place in Conservatória, a small district which has the record of these demonstrations since the 19th century. However, it began to be targeted by interest in record as intangible cultural tradition now in the 21st century. The point of approach was the development of this expression over time, the buildings were carried out around concepts such as memory and tradition. And, as a group of sersteiros was building on a movement that seeks to preserve these traditions. Within the context, some conflicts and disputes, mute and deletion processes components of the construction process of this tradition. Still shows the interest in the having heritage of the manifestation of the serenata, as well the relations of interaction with tourism and other local events

Subclinical Mastitis in a European Multicenter Cohort : Prevalence, Impact on Human Milk (HM) Composition, and Association with Infant HM Intake and Growth

Background: Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland. We examined the effects of SCM on human milk (HM) composition, infant growth, and HM intake in a mother–infant cohort from seven European countries.  Methods: HM samples were obtained from 305 mothers at 2, 17, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days postpartum. SCM status was assessed using HM Sodium (Na): Potassium (K) ratio >0.6. Levels of different macro- and micronutrients were analyzed in HM.  Results: SCM prevalence in the first month of lactation was 35.4%. Mean gestational age at delivery was lower and birth by C-section higher in SCM mothers (p ≤ 0.001). HM concentrations of lactose, DHA, linolenic acid, calcium, and phosphorous (p < 0.05 for all) was lower, while total protein, alpha-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, albumin, arachidonic acid to DHA ratio, n-6 to n-3 ratio and minerals (iron, selenium, manganese, zinc, and copper) were higher (p < 0.001 for all) in mothers with SCM. There were no differences in infant growth and HM intake between non-SCM and SCM groups.  Conclusion: We document, for the first time, in a large European standardized and longitudinal study, a high prevalence of SCM in early lactation and demonstrate that SCM is associated with significant changes in the macro- and micronutrient composition of HM. Future studies exploring the relation of SCM with breastfeeding behaviors and developmental outcomes are warranted

Human milk fatty acid composition and its association with maternal blood and adipose tissue fatty acid content in a cohort of women from Europe

Purpose: Human milk (HM) composition is influenced by factors, like maternal diet and body stores, among other factors. For evaluating the influence of maternal fatty acid (FA) status on milk FA composition, the correlation between FA content in HM and in maternal plasma, erythrocytes, and adipose tissue was investigated. Methods: 223 European women who delivered at term, provided HM samples over first four months of lactation. Venous blood and adipose tissue (only from mothers who consented and underwent a C-section delivery) were sampled at delivery. FAs were assessed in plasma, erythrocytes, adipose tissue, and HM. Evolution of HM FAs over lactation and correlations between FA content in milk and tissues and between mother’s blood and cord blood were established. Results: During lactation, arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) significantly decreased, while linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) remained stable. Positive correlations were observed between HM and adipose tissue for palmitic, stearic, oleic, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Correlations were found between milk and plasma for oleic, LA, ARA, ALA, DHA, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and PUFAs. No correlation was observed between erythrocytes and HM FAs. LA and ALA were more concentrated in maternal blood than in infant blood, contrary to ARA and DHA, supporting that biomagnification of LCPUFAs may have occurred during pregnancy. Conclusions: These data show that maternal adipose tissue rather than erythrocytes may serve as reservoir of PUFAs and LCPUFAs for human milk. Plasma also supplies PUFAs and LCPUFAs to maternal milk. If both, adipose tissue and plasma PUFAs, are reflection of dietary intake, it is necessary to provide PUFAs and LCPUFAs during pregnancy or even before conception and lactation to ensure availability for mothers and enough supply for the infant via HM