O ESPORTE E O LAZER TRANSFORMANDO VIDAS: A REALIDADE DE ANÁPOLIS

O ESPORTE E O LAZER TRANSFORMANDO VIDAS: A REALIDADE DE ANÁPOLI

A Possível Competência do Tribunal Penal Internacional para Julgar Casos de Ecocídio no Brasil e as Inovações no Direito Internacional Ambiental

The ineffectiveness of accountability measures in the case of environmental crimes that affect the right to life, health and other fundamental rights in the Brazilian domestic scenario, it is up to International Environmental Law to present possible alternatives in the international scenario in order to seek ways to ensure measures that address a greater protection of the environment, an essential value. In Brazil, social and environmental tragedies have occurred in recent years, such as the bursting of mining dams in the state of Minas Gerais, the increase of wildfires and deforestation in the Amazon, the destruction of ancestral and indigenous communities' lands, the increase of problems involving damage to the environment in cities, which has led to the violation of people's right to quality of life, among other serious environmental problems and crimes. In this context, the movement called Ecocide arises, which represents large-scale destruction of the environment. Thus, the present research aims to develop an analysis of Ecocide in Brazil and the possible innovations on this subject in the field of International Environmental Law. In the methodological field, the research comprehends a hypothetical-deductive approach method, with bibliographical research techniques, in which specialized literature in the environmental area will be used, and international literature involving Ecocide and the main documents produced by international organs such as the United Nations and the reports of the International Criminal Court, the competent organ to judge cases of Ecocide in the countries that integrate this international system. Considering the relevance of this court, a study of its procedures and functioning will be carried out. In this sense, it will be verified the possibility of framing environmental tragedies that occurred in Brazil, characterized as Ecocide in order to seek international accountability of those responsible for the damage in international courts, given the low effectiveness of national courts.A ineficácia de medidas de responsabilização em caso de crimes ambientais que afetam o direito à vida, saúde e outros direitos fundamentais no cenário interno brasileiro, cabe ao Direito Internacional Ambiental apresentar possíveis alternativas no cenário internacional a fim de buscar meio de garantir medidas que tratem de uma maior proteção do meio ambiente, valor imprescindível. No Brasil, destaca-se nos últimos anos a ocorrência que tragédias socioambientais como o rompimento de barragens de mineração no Estado de Minas Gerais, o aumento das queimadas e desmatamento na Amazônia, a destruição de terras de comunidades ancestrais e indígenas, o aumento de problemas envolvendo danos ao meio ambiente nas cidades, o que tem levado à violação do direito à qualidade de vida das pessoas, dentre outros graves problemas e crimes ambientais. Neste contexto surge o movimento denominado Ecocídio, o qual representa os crimes e tragédias ambientais em grande escala. Assim, a presente pesquisa objetiva desenvolver uma análise sobre o Ecocídio no Brasil e as possíveis inovações sobre este tema no campo do Direito Internacional do Meio Ambiente. No campo metodológico, a pesquisa compreende um método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, com técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, na qual será utilizada a teoria e a legislação ambiental nacional e internacional envolvendo o Ecocídio e os principais documentos produzidos por órgãos internacionais como a Organização das Nações Unidas e relatórios do Tribunal Penal Internacional, órgão competente para o julgamento de casos de Ecocídio nos países que integram este sistema internacional. Considerando a relevância deste tribunal, será realizado um estudo sobre seus procedimentos e funcionamento. Neste sentido será verificada a possibilidade de se enquadrar tragédias ambientais ocorridas no Brasil, caracterizadas como Ecocídio a fim de se buscar a responsabilização internacional dos responsáveis pelos danos em tribunais internacionais, diante da baixa efetividade dos tribunais nacionais

Perception of self-efficacy in active elderly people with Parkinson's disease / Percepção de autoeficácia em idosos ativos com doença de Parkinson

The aim of the research was to analyze the perception of self-efficacy in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who participate in a strength exercise program. It was a transversal study with exploratory and quantitative aspects. The sample consisted of 37 elderly male volunteers diagnosed with PD. Were used Scale of Hoehn and Yahr to analyze the clinical evolution of PD, Perceived General Self-Efficacy Scale for the analysis of the perception of self-efficacy, Mini Mental State Examination for verification of cognitive abilities. Classification was performed in low and high self-efficacy, being 56.8% of subjects classified with high self-efficacy and 43.2% with low self-efficacy. No significance level was found between the correlation of auto-efficacy with the stage of Parkinson's disease, the time of diagnosis, or cognitive ability. There was agreement with results obtained in studies that relate resistance exercises and Parkinson's disease. Results found in the present study for high self-efficacy indicated that people with diseases with deleterious characteristics like PD, practicing resistance exercise, have better condition of coping with the inherent limitations of the disease. Therefore, it was concluded that the subjects participating in the resistance exercise program had high perception of self-efficacy.The aim of the research was to analyze the perception of self-efficacy in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who participate in a strength exercise program. It was a transversal study with exploratory and quantitative aspects. The sample consisted of 37 elderly male volunteers diagnosed with PD. Were used Scale of Hoehn and Yahr to analyze the clinical evolution of PD, Perceived General Self-Efficacy Scale for the analysis of the perception of self-efficacy, Mini Mental State Examination for verification of cognitive abilities. Classification was performed in low and high self-efficacy, being 56.8% of subjects classified with high self-efficacy and 43.2% with low self-efficacy. No significance level was found between the correlation of auto-efficacy with the stage of Parkinson's disease, the time of diagnosis, or cognitive ability. There was agreement with results obtained in studies that relate resistance exercises and Parkinson's disease. Results found in the present study for high self-efficacy indicated that people with diseases with deleterious characteristics like PD, practicing resistance exercise, have better condition of coping with the inherent limitations of the disease. Therefore, it was concluded that the subjects participating in the resistance exercise program had high perception of self-efficacy