CONHECIMENTO E ADESÃO DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM AOS EQUIPAMENTOS DE PROTEÇÃO INDIVIDUAL

RESUMO Objetivo: investigar o conhecimento e a adesão do uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual pelas equipes de Enfermagem das estratégias de saúde da família. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal de abordagem quantitativa. Participaram 48 profissionais. Foi aplicado questionário semiestruturado, contendo questões fechadas de múltipla escolha. Resultados: ficou evidente o conhecimento dos profissionais sobre o que é risco ocupacional. Houve conhecimento equivocado quanto à definição de riscos biológicos; 75% dos entrevistados não souberam associar os agentes aos tipos de riscos. A maioria relatou utilizar os equipamentos de proteção individual em todos os procedimentos; 13 profissionais referiram ter sofrido acidente de trabalho, sendo que quatro deles não estavam utilizando equipamentos de proteção. Conclusão: conhecimento parcial acerca da temática e adesão ao uso dos equipamentos, entretanto, os mais utilizados foram jaleco e luva. Sendo assim, é necessário realizar educação permanente para incentivar os profissionais a utilizarem os equipamentos na prática profissional

University Extension Project as a Health Promotion Instrument during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the reality, made social isolation urgent aiming at reducing the contagion of the disease and, as a consequence, had to interrupt the classes and actions of extension projects in person. In this aspect, the Internet has become a possibility of interaction between teachers, nursing students and the community in an extension project university entitled: "Aromatherapy as a tool for coping in times of pandemic. Thus, the present study is a report of the authors\u27 experience in the project of  aromatherapy as an activity for health promotion in times of pandemic by COVID-19. A descriptive qualitative report was carried out on the experiences of the authors with the use of a virtual platform as an alternative informative content on the subject, during this period. The project was carried out in five weeks, with three synchronous meetings, the programmatic content was guided by scientific evidence, with guidelines of great importance to the public assisted with the aim of promoting health and be a tool for coping in times of pandemic. Thus, access to health promotion and exchange of knowledge of the target audience of the extension project was expanded

Predictors of health activation for patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

Introduction: the quality of self-care in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important to improve quality of life, increase survival and reduce complications. Self-care can be evaluated by measuring the health activation of these patients. Objectives: evaluating the health activation of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis (HD) compared to a normative group (health self-reported subjects), and to identify the social, demographic and clinical determinants that are associated with the health activation. Method: cross-sectional, analytical, descriptive and quantitative study approved by the local ethics committee and conducted in a public and a private outpatient hemodialysis clinic. Participants were patients with CKD on HD (focal group) and subjects on a normative group. All of them answered the questionnaire of sociodemographic and clinical characterization and the instrument "Patient Activation Measure" (PAM13). For scores comparisons were used the Mann-Whitney test. Regarding the evaluation of the linear effect of the variables of profile on PAM13, multiple linear regression was used, including the evaluation of the two groups and only for patients with CKD. Results: the study included in each group. Regarding the characteristics of the CKD patients, there was a predominance of males (59%), incomplete high school or less (68%). Most of them too was from a private administration clinic (53%) and reported having already presented some type of complication stemming from CKD (57%). Regarding the evaluation of activation, the activation scores did not differ between the two groups (median of 56.4 in CKD patients and 56.4 in normative group, p > 0.05) and the activation scores of both groups corresponded to activation level 3 with 34.5% of prevalence (p > 0.05). When the two groups were analyzed together, schooling (Bi = 5.38; p= 0.002), practice physical activity (Bi = 4.2; p= 0.019) and the number of people who co-reside (Bi = -2.22; p= 0.001) influenced the activation score. In the CKD patients, independently, the variables that influenced the activation score were gender (Bi = -4.69; p = 0.050); schooling (Bi = 6.55; p = 0.008); type of clinic of origin (Bi = -5.48; p = 0.02) and the presence of complications related to CKD (Bi = -5.25; p = 0.026). Conclusion: activation scores did not differ between the patients with CKD on HD and the health subjects. Schooling, practice physical activity and number of people residing with the individual were predictors of health activation in both groups. For the CKD patients group, the variables that influenced positively the activation was schooling; and that influenced negatively was the gender, type of clinic of origin and the presence of complications related to CKD

Patient safety in undergraduate education: subsidies to rethink the disciplines in the perspective of the Multiprofessional Curriculum Guide of the World Health Organization

Introdução: A Segurança do Paciente representa uma problemática amplamente discutida no cenário mundial, e configura-se como um desafio para o ensino de graduação na área da saúde. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sugere que os conteúdos acerca do tema, sejam inseridos nos currículos com a finalidade de contribuir para a redução da incidência dos EA, e, por consequência na qualidade do ensino em saúde. É necessário reconhecer e valorizar os aspectos da segurança do paciente incorporados nos currículos de formação dos futuros profissionais. Objetivo: Investigar o ensino de graduação em saúde sobre Segurança do Paciente, subsidiado no Guia Curricular da Organização Mundial da Saúde de 2011, com a finalidade de descrever a situação das disciplinas e vislumbrar possíveis ações de mudanças no preparo dos futuros profissionais. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo seccional transversal, e de revisão integrativa. Utilizou-se para a coleta das informações a pesquisa documental subdividida em duas fases tendo na 1ª a aplicação de uma lista de verificação, traduzida e validada dos 11 tópicos e seus respectivos termos rastreadores contidos no Guia Curricular Multiprofissional para Segurança do Paciente proposto pela OMS. Utilizou-se o aplicativo Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 21.0 na organização e análise dos dados. A análise univariada incluiu distribuições de frequências absolutas e relativas para variáveis categóricas, e a bivariada da comparação da presença ou não de cada tópico ou de seus respectivos termos rastreadores nos diferentes cursos, incluiu tabelas de contingência. E, na sequência, realizou-se a revisão integrativa de literatura, com a busca de artigos em diferentes bases de dados: CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed via MEDLINE; Web of Science; SCOPUS e Europe PMC. Resultados: A avaliação curricular de 12 cursos de graduação em saúde, envolveu a análise de 1.288 disciplinas das quais observaram-se variabilidade da frequência dos 11 tópicos do Guia Curricular e seus respectivos termos rastreadores. Os tópicos mais presentes nas disciplinas dos diferentes cursos analisados foram: \"Interação com os pacientes e cuidadores\"; \"Ser um participante de uma equipe eficaz\" e \"Prevenção e Controle de Infecção\". Ainda, o tópico \"Aprendendo com o erro para evitar danos\" não foi identificado em nenhuma das disciplinas dos diferentes cursos analisados. Acerca da revisão integrativa, foi possível identificar que as práticas de prevenção e controle da infecção nos currículos de ensino de graduação ocorre diluído em algumas disciplinas sendo, portanto, desarticulado e com ênfase na higienização das mãos. Conclusão: Este estudo representa uma importante contribuição para o ensino de graduação em saúde sobre Segurança do Paciente, principalmente, considerando as exigências para a adequação curricular. A temática não está totalmente explorada nas disciplinas, observou-se fragmentação do conteúdo e descontextualizado. Ainda, não ocorre em uma disciplina específica, está presente em diversos momentos e desarticulado de uma proposta pedagógica integrada. É consenso de que o fortalecimento da cultura de segurança nas organizações de saúde passa, sobremaneira, pela formação acadêmica e capacitação de recursos humanos nas diversas profissões da área de saúde, uma vez que, a avaliação da cultura de segurança é vista como o ponto de partida para iniciar mudanças nas estratégias de redução da incidência de eventos adversos, e consequentemente, garantir a Segurança do PacienteIntroduction: patient safety represents a problem widely discussed worldwide, and appears as a challenge for undergraduate education in the area of health. The World Health Organization suggests that the content about the topic, is to be entered in the curriculum in order to contribute to reducing the incidence of adverse events, and therefore in the quality of education in health. It is necessary to recognize and value aspects of patient safety incorporated in the curriculum for the training of future professionals. Objective: to investigate the undergraduate education in health about patient safety, subsidized in the Curriculum Guide of the World Health Organization of the 2011, with the purpose of describing the actual situation of the disciplines and envision possible actions of changes in the preparation of future professionals. Materials and methods: It is a cross sectional study, and an integrative review. The documentary research was used to collect information, subdivided into two phases, with the application of a checklist, translated and validated of the 11 topics and their respective tracking terms contained in the WHO Multiprofessional Curriculum Guide for Patient Safety. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 was used in the organization and analysis of the data. The univariate analysis included absolute and relative frequency distributions for categorical variables, and the bivariate comparison of the presence or absence of each topic or its respective tracking terms in the different courses, included contingency tables. And as a result, the integrative review of literature, with the search for articles in different databases: CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed via MEDLINE; Web of Science; SCOPUS and Europe PMC. Results: The curricular evaluation of 12 undergraduate courses in health, involved the analysis of 1,288 disciplines of which were observed variability of the frequency of the 11 topics of the Curriculum Guide and their respective tracking terms. The most common topics in the disciplines of different courses were analyzed: \"interaction with patients and caregivers\"; \"being a member of a team\" and \"effective prevention and control of infection\". Still, the topic \"learning from the mistake to avoid damage\" has not been identified in any of the disciplines of the different courses. About integrative review, it was possible to identify that the practices of infection control and prevention in the curriculum of undergraduate education occurs in the disciplines, disjointed and diluted with emphasis on hand hygiene. Conclusion: this study represents an important contribution to undergraduate health education on patient safety, mainly, considering the requirements for curricular adequacy. The subject is not fully explored in the disciplines, fragmented and out of context. Yet, it does not occur in a specific discipline, it is present at different times and disjointed from an integrated pedagogical proposal. It is a consensus that the strengthening of the safety culture in health organizations depends, in particular, on the academic training and qualification of human resources in the various professions in the health area, since the evaluation of the safety culture is seen as the point of starting to initiate changes in strategies for reducing the incidence of adverse events, and consequently ensuring Patient Safet

Factors associated with depression in cancer patients during chemotherapy

Objective: to analyze the factors associated with depression in cancer patients during chemotherapy. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study of 208 patients undergoing chemotherapy. A general characterization questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory were used. Results: most were women, between 40 and 79 years old, married, Catholic, retired/housewives, with elementary school and had no depression (71.2%), while 17.3% had depression and 11.5% dysphoria. In the associations, it was found statistical significance in the associations of the Beck Depression Inventory with surgery (p=0.002), time since surgery (p=0.014), time since chemotherapy onset (p=0.030), and side effects of chemotherapy (p=0.019). Conclusion: there was a low incidence of depression, but the frequency was higher in patients who did not undergo concomitant surgery, who had started chemotherapy for up to six months and who reported more side effects during treatment.Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados à depressão, em pacientes oncológicos, durante quimioterapia. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado com 208 pacientes, durante quimioterapia. Utilizou-se de questionário para caracterização geral e Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Resultados: maioria era mulher, entre 40 e 79 anos, casadas, católicas, aposentadas/donas de casa, com ensino fundamental e encontrava-se sem depressão (71,2%); enquanto 17,3% apresentaram depressão e 11,5% disforia. Nas associações, encontrou-se significância estatística nas associações do Inventário de Depressão de Beck com realização de cirurgia (p=0,002), tempo decorrido desde cirurgia (p=0,014), tempo desde início da quimioterapia (p=0,030) e efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia (p=0,019). Conclusão: houve baixa incidência de depressão, contudo a frequência foi maior nos pacientes que não realizaram cirurgia concomitante, que tiveram quimioterapia iniciada até seis meses e que relataram mais efeitos colaterais durante o tratamento

Conhecimento sobre prevenção e controle de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde: contexto hospitalar

To identify the knowledge of health professionals about the recommendations for prevention and control of healthcare-related infection. Methods: cross-sectional study, conducted with 308 nurses, technicians, doctors and physiotherapists in public teaching hospital. Instrument constructed and validated was used for data collection. We performed a descriptive analysis, association measures and the Student t test. Results: the comparison of means to precautions standard averages indicated that there was no significant difference between the occupational categories. The association of specific knowledge scores with time of training, performance in the institution and professional performance, show that the recommendations knowledge is different between the categories. For some professionals the more training time and professional performance, the less knowledge. A variable with respect to respiratory tract showed statistically significant (p=0.044). Conclusion: there was adequate knowledge about preventive recommendations although limited in specific fields.Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde acerca das recomendações para prevençãoe controle de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com 308 enfermeiros, técnicos, médicos e fisioterapeutas em hospital público de ensino. Utilizou-se instrumento construído e validado para coleta de dados. Realizou-se análise descritiva, medidas de associação, e teste t de Student. Resultados: a comparação das médias para medidas de precaução padrão indicou que não houve diferença significativa entre as categorias profissionais. A associação dos escores de conhecimento específico com tempo de formação, de atuação na instituição e atuação profissional, constatou que o conhecimento das recomendações se apresenta diferente entre as categorias. Para alguns profissionais quanto maior tempo de formação, e atuação profissional, menor é o conhecimento. Uma variável em relação ao trato respiratório apresentou-se estatisticamente significante (p=0,044). Conclusão: houve conhecimento adequado sobre as recomendações preventivas, contudo este foi limitado em domínios específicos

Conhecimento sobre prevenção e controle de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde: contexto hospitalar

Objective : to identify the knowledge of health professionals about the recommendations for prevention and control of healthcare-related infection. Methods : cross-sectional study, conducted with 308 nurses, technicians, doctors and physiotherapists in public teaching hospital. Instrument constructed and validated was used for data collection. We performed a descriptive analysis, association measures and the Student t test. Results : the comparison of means to precautions standard averages indicated that there was no significant difference between the occupational categories. The association of specific knowledge scores with time of training, performance in the institution and professional performance, show that the recommendations knowledge is different between the categories. For some professionals the more training time and professional performance, the less knowledge. A variable with respect to respiratory tract showed statistically significant (p=0.044). Conclusion : there was adequate knowledge about preventive recommendations although limited in specific fields

Problem-Based Learning as reinforcement for remote teaching in times of COVID-19 using the moodle learning environment

In times of pandemic, the social distance made the teaching practice suffer several adjustments to meet emerging demands, thus the aim of this study was to report the experience of the authors with problem-based learning as reinforcement to remote teaching in times of COVID-19 utilizing the moodle learning environment, as a way to implement changes in the discipline Interdisciplinary Project II of the Undergraduate Nursing course, which has always been offered in the face-to-face modality. The study was conducted from March to July 2021 with students enrolled in the course. The results of this study indicate that the use of problem-based learning resources during remote teaching can become an efficient resource for professional training