Influência da administração de indometacina e leite fermentado por bactérias láticas sobre o peso de ratos

Foram avaliados os efeitos da administração oral em 40 dias de duas marcas comerciais de leites fermentados - uma cultivada com Lactobacilus paracasei (L1) e outra com Lactobacillus casei (L2) - e de indometacina sobre o ganho de peso corpóreo e peso dos órgãos de ratos Wistar machos com 90 dias de idade. Os animais foram divididos em 6 grupos de n=10, onde, além de água e ração, receberam: leite fermentado L1 (grupo LP), leite fermentado L1 + droga (LP+D), controle água (C), droga (D), leite fermentado L2 (LC) e leite fermentado L2 + droga (LC+D), registrando-se os pesos semanais. Após o sacrifício, os rins, baços e fígados foram pesados. Os grupos LC, LC+D e LP+D não diferiram do grupo C em relação ao ganho de peso, porém LP e D apresentaram peso inferior; os grupos LP+D e LC+D apresentaram diferença em relação aos grupos C e D. Os pesos dos rins não diferiram; o baço do grupo LP apresentou menor peso em relação aos demais grupos; o grupo D apresentou peso de fígado superior ao grupo C; já LP e LC+D demonstraram pesos inferiores ao grupo C, porém os pesos dos fígados não diferiram entre todos àqueles que receberam leite fermentado adicionado à sua alimentação

Flour production from shrimp by‑products and sensory evaluation of flour‑based products

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a  produção de um tipo de farinha de subprodutos (cefalotórax), obtidos da indústria de beneficiamento do camarão (Litopenaeus vannamei), e realizar uma análise sensorial de produtos formulados com a farinha. Foram feitas análises físico‑químicas e microbiológicas do cefalotórax fresco e da farinha formulada, assim como a determinação do teor de colesterol dessa farinha e a avaliação sensorial de uma sopa e um pastel feitos com ela. Pelas análises microbiológicas, nenhum microrganismo patogênico foi encontrado nas amostras. As análises físico‑químicas da farinha mostraram elevados teores de proteínas (50,05%) e minerais (20,97%). A farinha de cefalotórax de camarão apresentou elevado teor de colesterol. A avaliação sensorial indicou boa aceitação dos produtos, com índice de aceitabilidade satisfatório (81% para a sopa e 83% para o pastel), o que indica que o cefalotórax de camarão, na forma de farinha, tem potencial para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos.The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of flour using by‑products (cephalothorax) obtained from the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) industry, and to perform a sensory analysis of shrimp flour‑based products. Physicochemical and microbiological analyses on fresh cephalothorax and on manufactured flour were performed, as well as the determination of cholesterol content of this flour, and the sensorial evaluation of soup and pastry made with this flour. By the microbiological analyses, no pathogenic microorganism was detected in the samples. Physicochemical analyses of flour showed high levels of protein (50.05%) and minerals (20.97%). Shrimp cephalothorax flour showed high levels of cholesterol. The sensory evaluation indicated a good acceptance of the products, with satisfactory acceptability index (81% for soup, and 83% for pastry), which indicates that shrimp cephalothorax in the form of flour has a potential for developing new products

Influência da administração de indometacina e leite fermentado por bactérias láticas sobre o peso de ratos

Foram avaliados os efeitos da administração oral em 40 dias de duas marcas comerciais de leites fermentados - uma cultivada com Lactobacilus paracasei (L1) e outra com Lactobacillus casei (L2) - e de indometacina sobre o ganho de peso corpóreo e peso dos órgãos de ratos Wistar machos com 90 dias de idade. Os animais foram divididos em 6 grupos de n=10, onde, além de água e ração, receberam: leite fermentado L1 (grupo LP), leite fermentado L1 + droga (LP+D), controle água (C), droga (D), leite fermentado L2 (LC) e leite fermentado L2 + droga (LC+D), registrando-se os pesos semanais. Após o sacrifício, os rins, baços e fígados foram pesados. Os grupos LC, LC+D e LP+D não diferiram do grupo C em relação ao ganho de peso, porém LP e D apresentaram peso inferior; os grupos LP+D e LC+D apresentaram diferença em relação aos grupos C e D. Os pesos dos rins não diferiram; o baço do grupo LP apresentou menor peso em relação aos demais grupos; o grupo D apresentou peso de fígado superior ao grupo C; já LP e LC+D demonstraram pesos inferiores ao grupo C, porém os pesos dos fígados não diferiram entre todos àqueles que receberam leite fermentado adicionado à sua alimentação

Influência da administração de indometacina e leite fermentado por bactérias láticas sobre o peso de ratos

The effects of the oral administration of two commercial brands of fermented milks were investigated, one cultivated with Lactobacilus paracasei (L1) and another with Lactobacillus casei (L2), and anti-inflamatory indomethacin on the corporal gain weight and weight of the organs of rats for 40 days. Wistar rats with 90 days of age were divided into 6 n=10 groups, receiving, in addition to water and ration: fermented milk L1 (group LP), fermented milk L1 + drug (LP+D), control water (C), drug (D), fermented milk L2 (LC) and fermented milk L2 + drug (LC+D), recording the weekly weights. After the sacrifice, kidneys, spleens and liver were heavy. The weights of the kidneys didn't differ; the spleen of the group LP presented smaller weight in relation to the other groups; the group D presented weight of superior liver to the group C, however the weights of the livers didn't differ among all those that received fermented milk added to your feeding.Foram avaliados os efeitos da administração oral em 40 dias de duas marcas comerciais de leites fermentados - uma cultivada com Lactobacillus paracasei (L1) e outra com Lactobacillus casei (L2) - e de indometacina sobre o ganho de peso corpóreo e peso dos órgãos de ratos Wistar machos com 90 dias de idade. Os animais foram divididos em 6 grupos de n=10, onde, além de água e ração, receberam: leite fermentado L1 (grupo LP), leite fermentado L1 + droga (LP+D), controle água (C), droga (D), leite fermentado L2 (LC) e leite fermentado L2 + droga (LC+D), registrando-se os pesos semanais. Após o sacrifício, os rins, baços e fígados foram pesados. Os grupos LC, LC+D e LP+D não diferiram do grupo C em relação ao ganho de peso, porém LP e D apresentaram peso inferior; os grupos LP+D e LC+D apresentaram diferença em relação aos grupos C e D. Os pesos dos rins não diferiram; o baço do grupo LP apresentou menor peso em relação aos demais grupos; o grupo D apresentou peso de fígado superior ao grupo C; já LP e LC+D demonstraram pesos inferiores ao grupo C, porém os pesos dos fígados não diferiram entre todos àqueles que receberam leite fermentado adicionado à sua alimentação

Flour production from shrimp by-products and sensory evaluation of flour-based products

The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of flour using by-products (cephalothorax) obtained from the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) industry, and to perform a sensory analysis of shrimp flour-based products. Physicochemical and microbiological analyses on fresh cephalothorax and on manufactured flour were performed, as well as the determination of cholesterol content of this flour, and the sensorial evaluation of soup and pastry made with this flour. By the microbiological analyses, no pathogenic microorganism was detected in the samples. Physicochemical analyses of flour showed high levels of protein (50.05%) and minerals (20.97%). Shrimp cephalothorax flour showed high levels of cholesterol. The sensory evaluation indicated a good acceptance of the products, with satisfactory acceptability index (81% for soup, and 83% for pastry), which indicates that shrimp cephalothorax in the form of flour has a potential for developing new products

The direct correlation between oxidative stress and LDL-C levels in adults is maintained by the Friedewald and Martin equations, but the methylation levels in the MTHFR and ADRB3 genes differ.

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) concentrations are a standard of care in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and are influenced by different factors. This study compared the LDL-C concentrations estimated by two different equations and determined their associations with inflammatory status, oxidative stress, anthropometric variables, food intake and DNA methylation levels in the LPL, ADRB3 and MTHFR genes. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with 236 adults (median age 37.5 years) of both sexes from the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The LDL-C concentrations were estimated according to the Friedewald and Martin equations. LPL, ADRB3 and MTHFR gene methylation levels; malondialdehyde levels; total antioxidant capacity; ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, homocysteine, cobalamin, and folic acid levels; usual dietary intake; and epidemiological variables were also determined. For each unit increase in malondialdehyde concentration there was an increase in the LDL-C concentration from 6.25 to 10.29 mg/dL (p <0.000). Based on the Martin equation (≥70 mg/dL), there was a decrease in the DNA methylation levels in the ADRB3 gene and an increase in the DNA methylation levels in the MTHFR gene (p <0.05). There was a positive relation of homocysteine and cholesterol intake on LDL-C concentrations estimated according to the Friedewald equation and of waist circumference and age based on the two estimates. It is concluded the LDL-C concentrations estimated by the Friedewald and Martin equations were different, and the Friedewald equation values were significantly lower than those obtained by the Martin equation. MDA was the variable that was most positively associated with the estimated LDL-C levels in all multivariate models. Significant relationships were observed based on the two estimates and occurred for most variables. The methylation levels of the ADRB3 and MTHFR genes were different according to the Martin equation at low LDL-C concentrations (70 mg/dL)

Decrease of the DNA methylation levels of the ADRB3 gene in leukocytes is related with serum folate in eutrophic adults

Abstract Background DNA methylation has been evidenced as a potential epigenetic mechanism related to various candidate genes to development of obesity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the DNA methylation levels of the ADRB3 gene by body mass index (BMI) in a representative adult population, besides characterizing this population as to the lipid profile, oxidative stress and food intake. Methods This was a cross-sectional population-based study, involving 262 adults aged 20–59 years, of both genders, representative of the East and West regions of the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba state, Brazil, in that were evaluated lifestyle variables and performed nutritional, biochemical evaluation and DNA methylation levels of the ADRB3 gene using high resolution melting method. The relationship between the study variables was performed using analyses of variance and multiple regression models. All results were obtained using the software R, 3.3.2. Results From the stratification of categories BMI, was observed a difference in the average variables values of age, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, triglycerides and intake of trans fat, which occurred more frequently between the categories “eutrophic” and “obesity”. From the multiple regression analysis in the group of eutrophic adults, it was observed a negative relationship between methylation levels of the ADRB3 gene with serum levels of folic acid. However, no significant relation was observed among lipid profile, oxidative stress and food intake in individuals distributed in the three categories of BMI. Conclusions A negative relationship was demonstrated between methylation levels of the ADRB3 gene in eutrophic adults individuals with serum levels of folic acid, as well as with the independent gender of BMI, however, was not observed relation with lipid profile, oxidative stress and variables of food intake. Regarding the absence of relationship with methylation levels of the ADRB3 gene in the categories of overweight, mild and moderate obesity, the answer probably lies in the insufficient amount of body fat to initiate inflammatory processes and oxidative stress with a direct impact on methylation levels, what is differently is found most of the times in exacerbated levels in severe obesity