Embedded System development with PSOC : orientation sensing and visualization with PSOC

This thesis describes a new embedded system development process. The thesis aims to demonstrate how embedded systems could be developed efficiently with the help of the new technological advances such as programmable systems on chips. A special focus is given on HW and SW programming of such systems. The project makes use of a new generation of a chip called Programmable System on Chip (PSoC) as its hardware platform. What distinguishes PSoC from a line of processors and system on chips is its programmable hardware. This feature allows embedded system designers to be able to customize part of the hardware programmatically in addition to writing a software application that runs on top of the system. This thesis introduces the development of an embedded system based on the PSoc chip and development environment provided by Cypress semiconductors. Finally, this thesis presents a position sensing application which demonstrates the development process of a modern day typical embedded system

Hydrology of the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia: Implication to Groundwater-Surface Waters Interaction

Hydrological studies have been done in the Lake Tana basin to determine the groundwater recharge rate based on different methods, groundwater inflow to and outflow from the Tana Lake, and to understand the groundwater and surface waters interaction. Recharge rates of 195.6, 284.0 and 285.4 mm/year have been estimated based on base flow analysis, chloride mass balance (CMB) and soil water balance (SWB) methods, respectively. Base flow separation method shows mean shallow aquifer recharge that feeds the streams. The recharge estimates from CMB and SWB are nearly similar and the average of the two (284.7 mm/year) can be taken as the mean basin recharge rate. The difference between the basin recharge and the base flow (89.1 mm/year or 31.3% of the recharge) contributes to deep aquifers recharge.Tana Lake balance study has also showed leakage underflow of 954.8 hm3/year, which mixes with groundwater mainly in the Beles basin and to some extent in Tis Abay area. Groundwater inflow directly to the lake is found to be negligible. Keywords: groundwater recharge, water balance, base flow, groundwater and surface waters interaction, Lake Tana, Blue Nile River, Ethiopia

A post-divorce cohabitation never equals a remarriage in Ethiopia: A case comment

The conclusion of a (re)marriage is required to be made in one of the three modes of celebration under the Revised Family Code. Despite the legal significance of the celebration of a (re)marriage as a decisive element in the conclusion and proof of the (re)marriage, the Cassation Division of the Federal Supreme Court decided a case in which the post-divorce non-marital cohabitation between ex-spouses was considered to constitute a remarriage. In the decision, the court essentially over-looked the need for proof of the celebration of the remarriage. The author argues that the decision contradicts with the relevant legal rules. Thus, this case comment attempts to make a critical analysis of the various legal issues involved in the case at different levels with particular emphasis on the decision of the Cassation Divi-sion. In the analysis, the author argues that a post-divorce non-marital cohabita-tion would not amount to a remarriage between the ex-spouses. The reason is that the conclusion of the alleged remarriage between the ex-spouses would be pre-sumed only upon proof of its celebration in a certain form under the Revised Fami-ly Code.Keywords: cohabitation, celebration, divorce, irregular union, marriage, proof, remarriag

The Possible Overlap between Plant Variety Protection and Patent: Approaches in Africa with Particular Reference to South Africa and Ethiopia

No Abstrac

Estimation of Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Genotypes at Jimma, South Western Ethiopia

Thirty-six soybean genotypes were tested with the aim of to determine the extent of genetic variability, correlation and path analysis among soybean genotypes. The field experiment was conducted during the 2017/2018 main cropping season in Jimma South western Ethiopia. The experimental design was triple lattice. Data were collected on 14 quantitative morphological traits .Analysis of variance showed significant to highly significant differences among genotypes for all of the studied traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) ranged from 8.83 for days to maturity to 39.3 for harvest index; while the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) value ranged from 4.7 for seed per pod to 30.22 for biomass per plant. Broad sense heritability value ranged from 5.5% for seed per pod to 95.9 % for days to flowering. The genotypic correlation analysis exhibited that seed yield had positive and significant association with harvest index and hundred seed weight. Harvest index exerted the maximum positive direct effect followed by biomass and pod per plant on grain yield at genotypic levels, these could be used for selection to improve grain yield. Keywords:- Correlation, Path, Variability, Soybean DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/9-7-03 Publication date: April 30th 201

Performance of Released Soybean Varieties at Jimma, South Western Ethiopia

Soybean is becoming economical important oil crop in Ethiopia. The process of plant growth and development is important to the successful adaptation of a species to its geographic and climatic environment. Evaluating the adaptability of released soybean varieties in diverse agro ecology is important for efficient use of nationally released varieties in their area of adaptation and thereby increases production and productivity of soybean in the country. The trial was conducted with 19 released soybean varieties in the year 2015 and 2016 main cropping season at Jimma, South Western parts of Ethiopia. The experimental design used was RCBD with three replications. The parameters collected include; days to flowering, days to maturity ,number of pod per plant, number of  seed per plant ,hundred seed weight, rust ,common bacterial blight ,lodging score and grain yield. The statistical analysis showed significant difference at (P<0.05) among the varieties   for some parameters. The interactions of year by varieties showed significant differences for all of the traits except hundred seed weight. Mean grain yield ranged from 1.16 t/ha to 4.2 t/ha. The three high yielding varieties were Nyala (4.19 t / ha), Cocker-240 (3.9 t/ ha) and Williams (3.7 t/ ha). The above mentioned three varieties are recommended for south western Ethiopia. Keywords: Potential yield, released, Recommend DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-4-02 Publication date: February 29th 202

Physiochochemical Properties of Honey Produced in Gozamen District, East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region

The research is financed by Ethiopian Meat and Dairy Industry Development Institute and SNV-ASPIRE Project Abstract The study was conducted in Gozamen District, East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, from September 2017 to July 2018 to determine honey quality produced in the area.The effects of Agro-ecological Zones (location) and hive type on honey quality in the study area were assessed.Questionnaires for the survey, laboratory analysis for honey quality were employed. A total of 120 beekeepers (118 males and 2 females) and 25 honey traders (18 males & 7 females) were interviewed for the survey. A total of 22 honey samples (18 samples from six kebeles representing the three beehive types across the three agro-ecologies and 4 samples from market points) were collected and analyzed at Holleta Bee Research Center and Bless Agri Food Laboratory Services PLC .The survey data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. The honey quality analysis indicated that the overall mean value of moisture content (17.22±1.56), glucose (17.22±1.56), sucrose (26.96±4.94), pH (4.28±0.26) and acidity (29.322± 0.2) were significantly different among different locations at (P<0.05).Similarly,the mean values glucose ,sucrose ,ash and water-insoluble solids were significantly different at (P<0.05)between the three types of hives.The honey samples collected from honey traders were with high sucrose level(10.18%) confirming the adulteration of honey with sugar syrups.As a result; inspection, control, and regulatory measures are indispensable tasks to improve the honey quality in the study area. Keywords: Gozamen, Physicochemical properties DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/94-06 Publication date: February 29th 202

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Phenylhydrazone Schiff Base Derivatives and their Copper(II) Complexes

Hydrazone derivatives have exhibited several interesting biological properties such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antimalarial, and anticancer. In present study, hydrazone of phenylhydrazine, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and their respective benzenesulfanohydrazones (1-3) and Cu(II) complexes (4-5) were synthesized. Synthesized ligands were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR whereas Cu(II) complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and IR. The IR spectra of ligand and its metal complexes imply that the schiff base ligand behaves as basic bidentate ligand coordination through the azomethine nitrogen atom and nitrogen atom. In-vitro antibacterial test revealed Cu(II) complexes of compound 2 showed better activity (15mm zone of inhibition) against K.pneumoniae compared to the standard ceftriaxone (11 mm zone of inhibition) which might be due to increase in lipophilicity of the compound. Keywords: antibacterial activity, benzenesulfanohydrazones, complexes, hydrazon

Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Released Black Cumin Varieties Grown in Ethiopia

In Ethiopia black cumin seed and oil are used in folk medicine, as a bread flavoring and as a spices. The essential oil of black cumin seeds were extracted by hydro-distillation with Clevenger apparatus and the constituents of the three varieties were identified using GC/MS. The essential oil content of black cumin seeds were 0.80%, 0.4% and 0.6% for Eden, Dershy and Silengo respectively. The GC/MS results showed that seventy five, sixty six and sixty constituents were identified which constituting 99.98%, 99.27% and 99.17% in Eden, Dershy and Silengo. The main constituents of Ethiopian black cumin verities seeds essential oil as detected by GC/MS ware   p-cymene (45.85 - 44.31% ), α-thujen (17.30 - 12.57%), trans-4-methoxy thujane (8.86 - 7.39%), 9,12-Octadecanoic acid, 9Z,Z)- (6.04% - 0.07%),  β-pinene (4.08 - 3.04%), α- pinene (3.94 -2.68%), gamma-terpinene (3.83 - 2.50%), thymoquinone (3.53 - 2.13%), α-terpinene (3.00 – 0.00%), D-limonene (2.29 - 2.08%), phenol-2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl) (2.56 -1.52%),  cis-vaccenic acid (2.46 - 0.00%), longifolene (1.95 - 1.83%), the results confirms that main compounds are  similar and variation in content to  each varieties. The Ethiopian black cumin essential oil contain the required major secondary metabolite for pharmacological and other application. Keywords: Black cumin, Ethiopia, Essential oil, p-cymene,spices DOI: 10.7176/CMR/12-2-02 Publication date: February 29th 202

Depression, Anxiety and Stress among First Year Addis Ababa University Students: Magnitude, and Relationship with Academic Achievement

The main objective of the study was to assess the magnitude of depression, anxiety and stress among Addis Ababa University first year students:  To achieve the objective cross sectional research design was employed. This study could help many parties to design and develop proper intervention programs to reduce psychological problems among students. The main campus college of Social Sciences, college of Education and Behavioral studies and school of Social Work freshman students of Addis Ababa University students were the aggregate population of the study. The total number of population was 502. Of this, 259 students were obtained by using proportionate stratified random sampling technique using colleges and departments as strata. DAS-S-depression, anxiety, stress scale, quantitatively   the collected data was analyzed by using percentage. Among the participants 18.5 % of the respondents scored  high on depression  (13.1 %-mild and 5.4% were moderate in depression levels of severity), 28.6% scored high level of anxiety (13.1% mild, 14.7% moderate, and 0.8% severe) and 24% scored high level of stress (14.3% mild and 8.1% moderate level of  stress). The results suggest that the early prevention of anxiety, depression and stress is critical since, if left untreated, it can have serious consequences on students’ future health and career possibilities. Keywords: Academic achievement, Anxiety, Depression, stres