Notas sobre ascomicetes II: Trichophaea boudieri Grelet y Trichophaeopsis biscuspis (Boud.) Korf & Erb, en Catalunya

Two interesting species of Ascomycetes: Trichophaea boudieri Grelet and Trichophaeopsis bicuspis (Boud.) Korf & Erb, previously unrecorded in Catalonia are described and commented.Se describen dos interesantes especies de discomicetes: Trichophaea boudieri Grelet y Trichophaeopsis bicuspis (Boud.) Korf & Erb, recolectadas por primera vez en Cataluria

Notas sobre ascomicetes II: Trichophaea boudieri Grelet y Trichophaeopsis biscuspis (Boud.) Korf & Erb, en Catalunya

Se describen dos interesantes especies de discomicetes: Trichophaea boudieri Grelet y Trichophaeopsis bicuspis (Boud.) Korf & Erb, recolectadas por primera vez en Cataluria.Two interesting species of Ascomycetes: Trichophaea boudieri Grelet and Trichophaeopsis bicuspis (Boud.) Korf & Erb, previously unrecorded in Catalonia are described and commented

Magnetoelectric Effect in Type-II Quantum Cone Induced by Donor Impurity

We consider a model of donor centered at the base of a type-II nanocone, in which the excessive electron, released from the donor, is located within a narrow tube-shaped shell exterior region around the cone lateral surface. By solving the one-electron Schrödinger equation we analyze the alteration of the spatial probability distribution of the electron, the period of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of the energy levels, and the electric and magnetic moments induced by external electric and magnetic fields, applied along the symmetry axis. We show that the diamagnetic confinement provided by the magnetic field forces the electron to climb along the cone’s border, inducing the electric polarization of the structure. Similarly, the external electric field, which pushes the electron toward cone’s bottom, changes the order of the energy levels with different magnetic momenta varying the magnetic polarization of the structure. Our theoretical analysis reveals a new possibility for the coupling between the polarization and magnetization arising from the quantum-size effect in type-II semiconductor nanocones

Photodynamic inactivation of Lasiodiplodia theobromae: lighting the way towards an environmentally friendly phytosanitary treatment

The fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the main causal agents of trunk canker and dieback of grapevine. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of L. theobromae with synthetic and natural photosensitizers and irradiation with either sunlight or artificial photosynthetically active radiation. Although the growth of the mycelium could not be completely prevented with natural sunlight irradiation, phenothiazine dyes (methylene blue, MB; toluidine blue O, TBO), riboflavin and a cationic porphyrin (Tetra-Py+-Me) caused complete inhibition under continuous irradiation with artificial light. Free radicals were the main cytotoxic agents in the PDI with MB, indicating the predominance of the type I mechanism. PDI with MB or Tetra-Py+-Me may represent a promising approach for the sanitation of vine material in greenhouse nurseries, in order to reduce the risk of infection upon grafting.publishe

Fongs nous o poc citats de Catalunya i Andorra I

New or rarely recorded fungi from Catalonia and Andorra, I. Contribution to the study of fungal biodiversity in NE Iberian Peninsula, with a selection of species rarely found or overlooked, collected in different habitats, including dry lands of SW Catalonia and Pyreneean localities (some of them in Andorra). Let us bring out some species, as Fimaria canina Calonge, F. Hispànica Torre et Calonge, Kotlabaea deformis (P. Karst.) Svrcek and Xylaria mornandii Bertault, among the Ascomycetes, and Camarophyllopsis hymenocephala (Hesler et Smith) Arnolds, Entoloma pseudodysthales Noord., Tabarés et Rocabruna, Glabrocyphella brunneocrystallina W.B. Cooke, Lachnella mairei (Pilàt) W.B. Cooke, Lactarius mediterraneensis LlistoselIa et Bellú, Pleuroflammula ragazziana (Bres.) Horak and Suillus Clintonianus (Peck) Kuntze, among the Basidiomycetes.Esta contribución al estudio de la biodiversidad fúngica del NE de la Península Ibérica comprende una selección de especies poco citadas o nuevas, recogidas en ambientes diversos, entre los que figuran localidades de las comarcas secas del S y SW de Cataluña y diversas localidades pirenaicas (algunas de ellas situadas en Andorra). Entre los hongos citados, podemos destacar: Fimaria canina Calonge, F. Hispànica Torre et Calonge, Kotlabaea deformis (P. Karst.) Svrcek y Xylaria mornandii Bertault, entre los Ascomicetes, y Camarophyllopsis hymenocephala (Hesler et Smith) Arnolds, Entoloma pseudodysthales Noord., Tabarés et Rocabruna, Glabrocyphella brunneocrystallina W.B. Cooke, Lachnella mairei (Pilàt) W.B. Cooke, Lactarius mediterraneensis LlistoselIa et Bellú, Pleuroflammula ragazziana (Bres .) Horak y Suillus clintonianus (Peck) Kuntze, entre los Basidiomicetes

Reactor mixing angle from hybrid neutrino masses

In terms of its eigenvector decomposition, the neutrino mass matrix (in the basis where the charged lepton mass matrix is diagonal) can be understood as originating from a tribimaximal dominant structure with small deviations, as demanded by data. If neutrino masses originate from at least two different mechanisms, referred to as "hybrid neutrino masses", the experimentally observed structure naturally emerges provided one mechanism accounts for the dominant tribimaximal structure while the other is responsible for the deviations. We demonstrate the feasibility of this picture in a fairly model-independent way by using lepton-number-violating effective operators, whose structure we assume becomes dictated by an underlying $A_4$ flavor symmetry. We show that if a second mechanism is at work, the requirement of generating a reactor angle within its experimental range always fixes the solar and atmospheric angles in agreement with data, in contrast to the case where the deviations are induced by next-to-leading order effective operators. We prove this idea is viable by constructing an $A_4$-based ultraviolet completion, where the dominant tribimaximal structure arises from the type-I seesaw while the subleading contribution is determined by either type-II or type-III seesaw driven by a non-trivial $A_4$ singlet (minimal hybrid model). After finding general criteria, we identify all the $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetries capable of producing such $A_4$-based minimal hybrid models.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures. v3: section including sum rules added, accepted by JHE

Brevibacterium EB3 inoculation enhances rhizobacterial community interactions leading to improved growth of Salicornia europaea

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can revolutionize sustainable agriculture by improving crop yields and resilience in the face of climate change and soil degradation. However, one of the challenges of using PGPB is identifying strains that can colonize and establish beneficial relationships with plant hosts and microbiomes. This study examined the effects of single and co-inoculations with three PGPB strains (Brevibacterium casei EB3, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans RL18, and Bacillus aryabhattai SP20) on the rhizosphere microbiome of the halophyte crop Salicornia europaea. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to analyze the rhizosphere bacterial communities' diversity, structure, and composition. PGPB inoculations significantly changed the diversity and structure of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere, accounting for 74 % of the total variability. The strain B. casei EB3 was the most effective at colonizing the rhizosphere and establishing interactions with other beneficial community members. Notably, the treatments associated with higher plant yield, consistently featured the presence of B. casei EB3 and higher connectivity between this strain and taxa known to promote growth and alleviate salt stress in plants such as Marinobacterium, Pseudomonas and Vibrio. These findings are consistent with bacterial inoculants' direct and indirect effect in boosting bacteria-plant cooperation within the rhizosphere, ultimately leading to a shift towards an optimized rhizosphere and beneficial traits for plants

Desarrollo de un procedimiento para tipificar materiales amortiguadores para su uso en líneas de manipulación de fruta.

Two sensors, instrumented sphere IS 100 and impact tester, have been compared to analyze the performance of six different padding materials used in Spanish fruit packing lines. Padding materials tested have been classified according to their capability to decrease impact intensities inflicted to fruit in packing lines. A procedure to test padding materials has been developed for "Golden" apples. Its basis is a logistic regression to predict bruise probability in fruit. The model combines two kinds of parameters: padding material parameters measured with IS, and fruit properties

A procedure for testing padding materials in fruit packing lines.

Padding materials are commonly used in fruit packing lines with the objective of diminishing impact damage in postharvest handling. Two sensors, instrumented sphere IS 100 and impact tester, have been compared to analyze the performance of six different padding materials used in Spanish fruit packing lines. Padding materials tested have been classified according to their capability to decrease impact intensities inflicted to fruit in packing lines. A procedure to test padding materials has been developed for "Golden" apples. Its basis is a logistic regression to predict bruise probability in fruit. The model combines two kinds of parameters: padding material parameters measured with IS, and fruit properties

El Programa biodiversitat micològica de les Terres de Ponent : notícia i primers resultats

La tardor de 1994 ha presentat unes condicions molt favorables de pluviositat, humitat i temperatura, que han permès un estudi intensiu (59 excursions, 64 localitats) de la part occidental, baixa i seca, de Catalunya, de la qual es tenien molt poques dades micològiques. E1 catàleg preliminar que oferim, amb tot i l'absència de moltes espècies pendents d'estudi o confirmació, i també de les més eurioiques, considerades poc característiques, conté 170 espècies, i permet fer-se una idea de la flora fúngica xero-termòfila mediterrània, especialment, la de les brolles, pinedes i espais oberts. Al costat d'algunes espècies poc citades, com Eutryblidiella hysterina, Helvella villosa, Agaricus pilatianus, Amanita boudieri, Calyptella capula, Ceriporia bresadolae, Coprinus vosoustii, Henningsomyces puber, Hygrophorus carneogriseus, Marasmius corbariensis, Phellinus punctatus, Ramicola iberica, Skeletocutis percandida, Tulostoma nanum, T. occidentale, T. xerophilum, Typhula setipes, Xerocomus ichnusanus, d'altres han mostrat una abundància inusitada, com Mycocalicium minutellum, Amanita ovoidea, Clitocybe alexandrí, C. umbilicata, Entoloma rusticoides, Hebeloma edurum, Inocybe roseipes, Lepista rickenii, Lopharia spadicea, Omphalotus olearius, Phaeotellus rickenii, Polyporus meridionalis, Suillus bellinii, S. collinitus, Volvariella speciosa, Mucilago crustacea. És previst continuar les prospeccions, per a completar aquesta primera visió.The Program on Mycological Biodiversity of western lowland Catalonia. Presentation and first results. Last autumn (1994) was exceptional in the area, in rain, air humidity and temperature. This enabled us to plan and to perform an intensive mycological survey (59 excursions, 64 localities prospected) of an area that is low and dry, rarely explored. The preliminar catalogue included here lacks a number of taxa as yet unidentified and has also been cleared of a set of trivial species, but the 170 taxa it includes should be useful to give a first idea about the xero-thermophilous mediterranean fungus flora in the area, mainly in the calcicolous bushlands (Rosmarino-Ericion), pine-groves of Pinus halepensis, and open and sunny soils. Some taxa are rarely reported: Eutryblidiella hysterina, Helvella villosa, Agaricus pilatianus, Amanita boudieri, Calyptella capula, Ceriporia bresadolae, Coprinus vosoustii, Henningsomyces puber, Hygrophorus carneogriseus, Marasmius corbariensis, Phellinus punctatus, Ramicola iberica, Skeletocutis percandida, Tulostoma nanum, T. occidentale, T. xerophilum, Typhula setipes, Xerocomus ichnusanus, and some others have been found outstandingly widespread and abundant: Mycocalicium minutellum, Amanita ovoidea, Clitocybe alexandri, C. umbilicata, Entoloma rusticoides, Hebeloma edurum, Inocybe roseipes, Lepista rickenii, Lopharia spadicea, Omphalotus olearius, Phaeotellus rickenii, Polyporus meridionalis, Suillus bellinii, S. collinitus, Volvariella speciosa, Mucilago crustacea. The Program is planned for some further years, in order to improve the survey