State estimation and absolute image registration for geosynchronous satellites

Spacecraft state estimation and the absolute registration of Earth images acquired by cameras onboard geosynchronous satellites are described. The basic data type of the procedure consists of line and element numbers of image points called landmarks whose geodetic coordinates, relative to United States Geodetic Survey topographic maps, are known. A conventional least squares process is used to estimate navigational parameters and camera pointing biases from observed minus computed landmark line and element numbers. These estimated parameters along with orbit and attitude dynamic models are used to register images, using an automated grey level correlation technique, inside the span represented by the landmark data. In addition, the dynamic models can be employed to register images outside of the data span in a near real time mode. An important application of this mode is in support of meteorological studies where rapid data reduction is required for the rapid tracking and predicting of dynamic phenomena

Orbit/attitude estimation for the GOES spacecraft using VAS landmark data

A software system is described which provides for batch least squares estimation of spacecraft orbit, attitude, and camera bias parameters using image data from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). The image data are obtained by the Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer (VISSR) Atmospheric Sounder (VAS). The resulting estimated parameters are used for absolute image registration. Operating in the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-11/70 computer, the FORTRAN system also includes the capabilities of image display and manipulations. An overview of the system is presented as well as some numerical results obtained from observations taken by the SMS-2 satellite over a 3 day interval in August 1975

Chitosan-hydroxyapatite composites in biomedical applications

W pracy przedstawiono sposoby wytwarzania scaffoldów w oparciu o chi-tozan i hydroksyapatyt. Przedstawiono wstępnie badania własne nad możliwością wytarzania temowrażliwych hydrożeli chitozanowych i hydrożelo-wych membran formowanych w wyniku reakcji polianion-polikation, które zawierają w strukturze wapń i fosfor. Obecność w strukturze wapnia daje możliwość wykorzystania ich jako opatrunków o zwiększonych własnościach zakrzepowych, a obecność oprócz wapnia również fosforu predysponuje do zastosowania jako scaffoldów do hodowli komórkowej.Methods of preparation of chitosan- and hydroxyapatite-based scaffolds are described in the paper. The authors present preliminary results of their studies on the preparation of themosensitive chitosan hydrogels and hydrogel membranes containing calcium and phosphorus in their structure via poly-anion-polycation reactions. A presence of calcium in the structure provides a possibility to use them as dressings with enhanced thrombotic properties, while the presence of phosphorus, beside calcium, predestines them to be applied as scaffolds in cell cultures

Integrated stand for the fiber optics technique operations

W artykule przedstawiono zintegrowane stanowisko pozwalające wykonywać operacje spotykane w laboratoryjnej praktyce techniki światłowodowej i badać poprawność ich realizacji. W szczególności możliwe jest przygotowanie końcówki światłowodowej za pomocą cięcia, klejenia żywicą, szlifowania z polerowaniem czoła światłowodu. Dodatkowe wyposażenie pozwala również na montaż elementów optoelektronicznych ze światłowodami. W artykule zamieszczono wyniki badań wykonanych końcówek światłowodowych.In the paper a integrated stand for the optical fiber technique operations met in the laboratory practice is presented. The stand allows preparing the fiber ends using such operations as cutting, gluing with epoxy resin, end surface grinding and polishing as well as the quality study of prepared ends. An additional equipment makes possible to assemble optoelectronics elements with optical fibers. Some results of the prepared optical fiber ends are given