Design and simulation of one-port SAW resonator for wireless and high temperature application

This paper present the full design consideration, operational principle, structure and frequency response simulation of one-port Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Resonator using Micro Wave Office (MWO) and MATLAB used for passive wireless sensing of various measurands. Since SAW Resonators are widely used in radio frequency sensing application, the development and evolution of present day SAW devices has been possible only due to simultaneous efforts to simulate these devices and also it is desirable to evaluate the device prior to fabrication especially in cases where the characteristic of device material and dimensions have a major influence on the performance of the overall system. The equivalent circuit model approach has been used to simulate the frequency response of one-port SAW resonator base on gallium orthophosphate (GaPO4) with 5deg cut-angle at 433.92 MHz under ISM band frequency for high temperature wireless application and it appears that this modeling is suitable for near resonance frequency, also measuring dielectric permittivity of GaPO4 at this frequency for use of modeling

Hybrid low cost flooding scheme for on-demand routing protocols in MANETs

Most routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) use flooding1 to disseminate routing information and to perform route discovery process. As flooding involves querying all network nodes, frequent flooding can rapidly deplete the energy reserved at each node. Therefore, creating competent flooding scheme is a crucial requirement and a Connected Dominating Set (CDS) can be a useful basis of backbone construction in MANETs. However, when the size of CDS becomes too small, certain features in the original network may be lost, as example, the number of broadcasts for a packet to reach its destination can be drastically increased. In this study, a multipoint relay scheme has been investigated and appended as an assistant flooding scheme beside the constructed CDS. The approach used in this concern is the Dominant Pruning (DP) which creates a dynamic dominating set at each broadcasting step. This set is a subset from the neighbor set of the broadcasting node. The incorporation of DP and CDS is made to fill the gaps that may arise within the backbone established by CDS, such that, the number of elongated paths through this backbone is efficiently reduced. Simulation results show that the developed approach outperforms DP and CDS when they are applied individually in terms of the number of flooded control packets, data delivery ratio and average end-to-end delay while keeping the same computation complexity of them

Enhanced marking process (EMP) for constructing dominating set in mobile ad-hoc networks with unidirectional links

Broadcasting or flooding is one of the principal functions in wireless ad-hoc networks. In broadcasting, a mobile node sends the same message to all nodes in the network in one-to-all model. Broadcasting based on set of dominating nodes is remunerative approach, where the broadcasting activity is constrained to only the nodes in the dominating set. A set is dominating if all nodes in the network are either in the set or neighbors of nodes in the set. In this study, the notion of constructing connected-dominating-set is extended to ad-hoc networks with unidirectional links. An enhanced distributed algorithm is presented that is based on the marking process which is has been introduced in earlier work. Our enhanced algorithm features a good locality properties since it need only 2-hop neighborhood information within each node. The algorithm checks for the mutual existence of nodes in the neighbor table of their neighbors to guarantee the symmetric connectivity between neighboring nodes. The proposed algorithm is integrated with AODV routing protocol to generate a connected dominating set that will be responsible on flooding activity. The efficiency of our approach is investigated and verified through simulation whereas the computational complexity is determined and compared with that of original marking process. All the simulations run are carried out with QualNet Simulator version 5.02

Analog IC test and product engineering curriculum for Malaysia microelectronics industry

Production test is a significant driver of semiconductor manufacturing cost. Parallel with the advances of semiconductor fabrication, the need for a pool of talented product and test engineers is significantly increasing. This paper describes the academia-industries collaboration effort in developing an analogue electronic test and product engineering to boost-up technical competencies of electronic engineering graduates particularly in microelectronic major. The program has been successfully conducted at Universiti Putra Malaysia with strong support from Texas Instruments and Teradyne

Smart Cane: Assistive Cane for Visually-impaired People

This paper reports on a study that helps visually-impaired people to walk more confidently. The study hypothesizes that a smart cane that alerts visually-impaired people over obstacles in front could help them in walking with less accident. The aim of the paper is to address the development work of a cane that could communicate with the users through voice alert and vibration, which is named Smart Cane. T he development work involves coding and physical installation. A series of tests have been carried out on the smart cane and the results are discussed. This study found that the Smart Cane functions well as intended, in alerting users about the obstacles in frontComment: 6 page

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of GaPO4/Pt surface acoustic wave resonator based on cell model.

This paper present a three-dimensional finite element method for the one-port surface acoustic wave resonator base on GaPO4 with 5° cut for high frequency application. Interdigital transducer is assumed a thin film platinum with chromium as an under-layer material. The simulated frequency response and wave propagation are obtained under base cell model at 433.92 MHz centre frequency under ISM band. Frequency responses versus impedance are compared and verify with the known result in literature. The results show that the total displacements are vanished at a distance of about 2 to 3 wavelength from the surface. As expected, the X and Y displacement are 90°out-of-phase with each other. It is observed that the mass loading effect is suitable for prediction of resonant frequency. It is Q found that the factor value is larger than 1000 and the mode shapes for resonant and anti-resonant condition are different at two edges of stop-ban

ASIL determination for motorbike’s Electronics Throttle Control System (ETCS) mulfunction

Electronics Throttle Control System (ETCS) is the principal electronic unit in all fuel injection engine motorbike, augmenting the engine performance efficiency in comparison to the conventional carburetor based engine. ETCS is regarded as a safety-critical component, whereby ETCS malfunction can cause unintended acceleration or deceleration event, which can be hazardous to riders. In this study, Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment, an ISO26262 functional safety standard analysis has been applied on motorbike’s ETCS to determine the required automotive safety integrity level. Based on the analysis, the established automotive safety integrity level can help to derive technical and functional safety measures for ETCS development

Efficient Low-Complexity Digital Predistortion for Power Amplifier Linearization

In this paper, a low-complexity model is proposed for linearizing power amplifiers with memory effects using the digital predistortion (DPD) technique. In the proposed model, the linear, low-order nonlinear and high-order nonlinear memory effects are computed separately to provide flexibility in controlling the model parameters so that both high performance and low model complexity can be achieved. The performance of the proposed model is assessed based on experimental measurements of a commercial class AB power amplifier by applying a single-carrier wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) signal. The linearity performance and the model complexity of the proposed model are compared with the memory polynomial (MP) model and the DPD with single-feedback model. The experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms the latter model by 5 dB in terms of adjacent channel leakage power ratio (ACLR) with comparable complexity. Compared to MP model, the proposed model shows improved ACLR performance by 10.8 dB with a reduction in the complexity by 17% in terms of number of floating-point operations (FLOPs) and 18% in terms of number of model coefficients