41 research outputs found
Dynamic of Two-phase Dusty Nanofluid Flow Past a Vertical Wavy Surface
An analysis is performed to study two-phase natural convection flow with heat transfer of nanofluid along a vertical way surface. The model includes equations expressing conservation of total mass, momentum and thermal energy for two-phase nano fluid. Primitive variable formulations (PVF) are used to transform the dimensionless boundary layer equations into convenient coordinate system and resulting equations are integrated numerically via implicit finite difference iterative scheme. The effects of the controlling parameters on the dimensionless quantities such as skin friction coeffcient, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer are explored. It is concluded from present analysis, that the diffusivity ratio parameter, NA and particle-density increment number, NB has pronounced effect in reduction of heat transfer rate
Influence of Variable Thermophysical Properties on Nanofluid Bioconvection along a Vertical Isothermal Cone
The prime purpose of this analysis is to investigate the effect of variable thermophysical properties of nano fluid on bioconvection boundary layer flow past a uniformly heated vertical cone. The governing equations with associated boundary conditions for this phenomenon are cast into a non-dimensional form via continuous transformation, which are then solved by using the implicit finite difference method. How does the phenomena of heat transfer is effected due to the temperature-dependent thermophysical properties of the
fluid is the question investigated in this manuscript. Comprehensive numerical computations are carried out for wide range of the parameters that are describing the flow characteristics. The influence of the governing physical parameters on the distribution of velocity and temperature profiles, wall skin friction and local rate of heat transfer is explored. Tabular comparison with some special cases of published data is done and good agreement is found.
It is recorded that, the variable thermophysical properties of the fluid are more likely to promote the rate of heat transfer, Q_w as compared to fluid having constant properties
Gender-Based Motivational Factors For Choosing Dentistry As A Career By First Year Dental Students Of College Of Pakistan
Abstract
Objective: Dentistry, also known as “Dental Medicine” is opted for various reasons like prestige, socioeconomic status or personal desire. However, some join dentistry just to fulfil the wishes of their parents. Students who choose dentistry by their own choice excel better in this field. Another general impression is that mostly female students prefer it. To have a true picture of these impressions in our society, we planned this study to identify the reasons and motives of undergraduate dental surgeons for joining dentistry.
Methods: A cross-sectional study, was conducted on 278 students at Margalla College of Dentistry, from December 2020 to April 2021 after the approval of the Ethical review committee of the institute. - The probability judgmental sampling technique was used. Students who consented were included in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data which was analyzed using SPSS 21.
Results: In this study, about 48.4% of students selected dentistry as their first choice but out of these only 48.9% did prior career planning. Female students 76 (49.6%) opted for dentistry as compared to male students 12 (30.7%). However, there was an insignificant difference regarding career choice between both genders (p=0.591). Prominent motivating factors were flexible work patterns (63.5%), self-employment (63%), financial security (44.8%) and parents wish (25%).
Conclusion: Students chose Dentistry not only due to their interests but also because of flexible work patterns, financial security and self-employment. Both genders have more or less the same inclination towards dentistry.
Two-phase Dusty Fluid Flow Along a Rotating Axi-symmetric Round-Nosed Body
This article is concerned with the class of solutions of gas boundary layer containing
uniform, spherical solid particles over the surface of rotating axi-symmetric roundnosed
body. By using the method of transformed coordinates, the boundary-layer equations
for two-phase flow are mapped into a regular and stationary computational domain and then
solved numerically by using implicit finite difference method. In this study, a rotating hemisphere
is used as a particular example to elucidate the heat transfer mechanism near the
surfaces of round nosed bodies. We will also investigate whether the presence of dust particles
in carrier fluid disturb the flow characteristics associated with rotating hemisphere or
not. A comprehensive parametric analysis is presented to show the influence of the particle
loading, the buoyancy ratio parameter and the surface of rotating hemisphere on the
numerical findings. In the absence of dust particles, the results are graphically compared
with existing data in the open literature and an excellent agreement has been found. It is
noted that, the concentration of dust particles parameter, D_p, strongly influence the heat
transport rate near the leading edge
Natural Convection Flow of a Two-Phase Dusty Non-Newtonian Fluid Along a Vertical Surface
The aim of this paper is to present a boundary-layer analysis of two-phase
dusty non-Newtonian fluid flow along a vertical surface by using a modified power-law viscosity
model. This investigation particularly reports the flow behavior of spherical particles
suspended in the non-Newtonian fluid. The governing equations are transformed into nonconserved
form and then solved straightforwardly by implicit finite difference method. The
numerical results of rate of heat transfer, rate of shear stress, velocity and temperature
profiles and streamlines and isotherms are presented for wide range of Prandtl number, i.e,
(0:7 ≤ Pr ≤ 1000:0), with the representative values of the power-law index n. A good
agreement is found between the present and the previous results when compared with some
special cases. The key observation from the present study is that the power-law fluids with
(n > 1) are more likely to promote the rate of heat transfer near the leading edge
Natural convection flow of two-phase dusty gas with variable thermophysical properties along a vertical wavy surface
The purpose of the present study is to establish the detailed parametric solutions
for laminar natural convection flow of two-phase dusty fluid moving along a vertical wavy
plate. Typical sinusoidal surface is used to elucidate the heat transport phenomena for
the carrier gas having variable thermophysical properties. The governing equations are
cast into a system of parabolic partial differential equations by using set of continuous
transformations and then the resulting system is integrated through implicit finite difference
method. In order to ensure the accuracy, the present numerical results are also compared
with the available published results and good compatibility is found between the present
and previous results. It is showed that mass concentration parameter, D_p, and the variable
thermophysical properties extensively promotes the rate of heat transfer near the uneven
surface. It is also established that amplitude of the wavy surface enhances very drastically,
which is also due to the variable properties of the fluid
Numerical estimation of thermal radiation effects on Marangoni Convection of dusty fluid
In this paper, numerical solutions to thermally radiating Marangoni convection of dusty fluid flow along a vertical wavy surface are established. The results are obtained with the understanding that the dust particles are of uniform size and dispersed in optically thick fluid. The numerical solutions of the dimensionless transformed equations are obtained through straightforward implicit finite difference scheme. In order to analyze the influence of various controlling parameters, results are displayed in the form of rate of heat transfer, skin friction coeffcient, velocity and temperature profiles, streamlines and isotherms. It is observed that the variation in thermal radiation parameter significantly alters the corresponding particle pattern and extensively promotes the heat transfer rate
Natural convection of gas along a vertical wavy surface with effect of variable thermophysical properties
The intent of this paper is to establish the detailed parametric study for laminar
natural convection
ow along a vertical wavy plate. Typical sinusoidal surface is used to elu-
cidate the heat transport phenomena for the gas having variable thermophysical properties.
From the present analysis, we will interrogate whether the presence of roughness element
disturbs the gas
ow and alter the physical characteristics associates with the wavy surface
or not? The numerical solutions are obtained after converting the governing equations into
a suitable coordinate system. The results are interpreted for the parameters which emerge
from the temperature dependent physical properties of the gases and transverse curvature of
the surface. In order to ensure the accuracy, the present numerical results are also compared
with some special cases and are found in good agreement. The key observation from the
present analysis is that the amplitude of wavy surface parameter, a contributes in reduction
of heat transfer rate
Thermal Maragoni Convection of Two-phase Dusty Fluid Flow Along a Vertical Wavy Surface
The paper considers the inuence of thermal Maragoni convection on boundary layer flow of two-phase dusty fluid along a vertical wavy surface. The dimensionless boundary layer equations for two-phase problem are reduced to a convenient form by primitive variable transformation (PVF) and then integrated numerically by employing the implicit finite difference method along with the Thomas Algorithm. The effect of thermal Maragoni convection, dusty water and sinusoidal waveform are discussed in detail in terms of local heat transfer rate, skin friction coefficient, velocity and temperature distributions. This investigation reveals the fact that the water-particle mixture reduces the rate of heat transfer, significantly
Two-Phase Dusty Fluid Flow Along a Cone with Variable Properties
In this paper numerical solutions of a two-phase natural convection dusty fluid flow are presented. The two-phase particulate suspension is investigated along a vertical cone by keeping variable viscosity and thermal conductivity of the carrier phase. Comprehensive flow formations of the gas and particle phases are given with the aim to predict the behavior of heat transport across the heated cone. The influence of i) air with particles, water with particles and oil with particles are shown on shear stress coefficient and heat
transfer coefficient. It is recorded that sufficient increment in heat transport rate can be achieved by loading the dust particles in the air. Further, distribution of velocity and temperature of both the carrier phase and the particle phase are shown graphically for the pure fluid (air, water) as well as for the fluid with particles (air-metal and water-metal particle mixture)