Revisión de la mortalidad hospitalaria en un hospital comarcal

ResumenEl conocimiento de las causas de mortalidad hospitalaria suponen una información útil para la calidad asistencial. Mediante un cuestionario dividido en tres apartados (general, valoración del riesgo de fallecimiento y cumplimientación de la historia clínica) se revisan las muertes ocurridas durante 1987 en el Hospital Municipal de Badalona. La tasa de mortalidad global fué de 2,75%. Las enfermedades del aparato circulatorio (48,6%) y los tumores malignos (18,1%) representan las principales causas. A pesar de las limitaciones del estudio, en general, se puede afirmar que los pacientes mueren por el alto riesgo de la enfermedad principal de base, su elevada edad y por la presencia de patología asociada grave o mai estado general.SummaryAn understanding of the causes of mortality is useful in assessing quality control. We have used a questionary divided in three parts (general, the estimation of risk of death and completion of Medical records) and we have reviewed deaths occuring during 1987 in the Municipal Hospital of Badalona. The overall mortality rate of patients was 2.75%, 48.6% from diseases of the circulatory system and 18.1% from malignant tumours which are the principal causes of death. Despite the limitations of the study we can state that in general, patients die because they have a serious primary disease, they are aged and because they have associated pathology and/or very bad general health status

The CNIC-Polypill reduces recurrent major cardiovascular events in real-life secondary prevention patients in Spain: The NEPTUNO study.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a cardiovascular polypill including aspirin, ramipril and atorvastatin (CNIC-Polypill), on the incidence of recurrent major cardiovascular events (MACE) and risk factor control in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) vs different pharmacological therapeutic strategies. Retrospective, observational study using data from electronic-health records. Patients were distributed into 4 different cohorts: CNIC-Polypill (case cohort) vs 3 control cohorts: same monocomponents taken separately (Monocomponents), equipotent drugs (Equipotent) and other drugs not included in the previous cohorts (Other therapies). Patients were followed for 2 years or until MACE or death. After propensity score matching, a total of 6456 patients (1614 patients per cohort) were analysed. After 2 years, the risk of recurrent MACE was lower in the CNIC-Polypill cohort compared to the control groups (22%; p = 0.017, 25%; p = 0.002, 27%; p = 0.001, higher in the Monocomponents, Equipotent and Other therapies cohorts, respectively). The incremental proportion of patients who achieved blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) control from baseline was higher in the CNIC-Polypill cohort vs control cohorts (BP controlled patients: +12.5% vs + 6.3%; p < 0.05, +2.2%; p < 0.01, +2.4%; p < 0.01, LDLc controlled patients: +10.3% vs + 4.9%; p < 0.001, +5.7%; p < 0.001, +4.9%; p < 0.001, respectively). Medication persistence was higher in patients treated with the CNIC-Polypill (72.1% vs 62.2%, 60.0% and 54.2%, respectively; p < 0.001) at study end. In secondary prevention patients, compared with control groups, treatment with the CNIC-Polypill was associated with significant reductions in the accumulated incidence of recurrent MACE, improved BP and LDLc control rates, and increased medication persistence.FerrerS

The influence of heart disease on characteristics, quality of life, use of health resources, and costs of COPD in primary care settings

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To evaluate the influence of heart disease on clinical characteristics, quality of life, use of health resources, and costs of patients with COPD followed at primary care settings under common clinical practice conditions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Epidemiologic, observational, and descriptive study (EPIDEPOC study). Patients ≥ 40 years of age with stable COPD attending primary care settings were included. Demographic, clinical characteristics, quality of life (SF-12), seriousness of the disease, and treatment data were collected. Results were compared between patients with or without associated heart disease.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 9,390 patients with COPD were examined of whom 1,770 (18.8%) had heart disease and 78% were males. When comparing both patient groups, significant differences were found in the socio-demographic characteristics, health profile, comorbidities, and severity of the airway obstruction, which was greater in patients with heart disease. Differences were also found in both components of quality of life, physical and mental, with lower scores among those patients with heart disease. Higher frequency of primary care and pneumologist visits, emergency-room visits and number of hospital admissions were observed among patients with heart diseases. The annual total cost per patient was significantly higher in patients with heart disease; 2,937 ± 2,957 vs. 1,749 ± 2,120, p < 0.05. Variables that were showed to be independently associated to COPD in subjects with hearth conditions were age, being inactive, ex-smokers, moderate physical exercise, body mass index, concomitant blood hypertension, diabetes, anxiety, the SF-12 physical and mental components and per patient per year total cost.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Patients with COPD plus heart disease had greater disease severity and worse quality of life, used more healthcare resources and were associated with greater costs compared to COPD patients without known hearth disease.</p

Los adjusted clinicals groups: un sistema de clasificación de pacientes por ajuste de riesgos

Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) are risk adjustment systems that classify people according to their age, sex and medical conditions, these people have a similar consumption of health resources over a given period of time. They were developed by Starfield and Weiner (Johns Hopkins University, USA, 1991), and their objective is to measure the degree of illness among patients based on the levels of comorbidity. Their main applications are: a) the evaluation of the efficiency in the use of health services, b) measurement of population’s comorbidity, and c) to program the funding or capitation fee for groups of providers. Some of the advantages of the ACG system are the limited number of variables needed for each patient (age, sex and diagnosis) and the unit of measurement, which is the patient. Some characteristics of this population risk adjustment system are commented.Los Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) son un sistema de ajuste de riesgos que clasifica a las personas según su edad y sexo y las condiciones médicas que presentan, y estas personas tienen un consumo similar de recursos sanitarios durante un periodo. Fueron desarrollados por Starfield y Weiner (Universidad Johns Hopkins, EE. UU. 1991), y su objetivo es medir el grado de enfermedad en poblaciones de pacientes basándose en sus niveles de comorbilidad. Entre sus principales aplicaciones destacan: a) evaluar la eficiencia en la utilización de los servicios sanitarios, b) medir la comorbilidad de la población, y c) programar la financiación o pago capitativo para grupos de proveedores. Entre las ventajas del sistema ACG destaca la necesidad de un número limitado de variables para cada paciente (edad, sexo y diagnósticos) y que la unidad de medida es el paciente. Se comentan algunas características de este sistema de ajuste de riesgos poblacionales