The anthroponymicon ofsmall genres of tatar folklore in the context of the sufi picture of the world

The article studies the anthroponymicon of small genres of Tatar folklore in the context of the Sufi picture of the world, which played a certain role in the propagation of the names of religious content. The scientific novelty of this article is determined by a new approach to the study of anthroponyms of the Arab and Persian origin – a description of the laws of functioning of the Arab-Persian Sufi terminology, vocabulary and concepts in proverbs and sayings. In the course of the study, one analyzes the influence of Sufi notions and concepts on anthroponymicon, the formation in this perspective of separate groups of personal names, in the motivation of whichthere is reflected the Sufi religious worldview; and also the semantic transformation of traditional Sufi concepts into common anthroponyms of the Tatar language is determined. The study concluded that a significant part of the anthroponymicon of small genres of Tatar folklore is composed of the Arab-Persian borrowings used in the context of the Sufi picture of the world and characteristic of the Sufi world viewon the whole. It is proved that as a result of the influence of Sufi concepts and concepts onanthroponymicon, separate groups of personal names are formed, which also reflects in the material of small genres of folklore.Keywords: folklore texts, small genres, anthroponymicon, personal names, Arab-Persian borrowings, Sufi picture of the world, concept

Superstitiousness and paranormal beliefs of the Russian and tatar students

© 2017 Serials Publications. The sociological studies carried out during the recent decade show that the large part the population in Russia (various demographical groups) believe in the paranormal, observe different rituals, turn to wizards, fortune-tellers, healers and psychic mediums for help. This phenomenon is also spread enough among university students. Superstitiousness and beliefs in the paranormal among young people is a point of special research interest. Besides in the multi-cultural contexts it is reasonably important to see the ethnic specifics of superstitions and beliefs. The research methodology if the study consists of the "Paranormal Belief Scale", the "Superstitiousness Inventory", the "World Assumptions Scale", and the "Ways of Coping Questionnaire". The findings show that the students from the Tatar ethnic group trend to be more subject to the traditional religious formulas (Islam) about the existence of God, Paradise and Hell, devil and others than the Russian ethnic group. Tatar students demonstrate direct correlation between traditional religious beliefs as well as beliefs in communication with spirits, magic and fortune-telling and positive reappraisal as a way of stress coping. The more the belief in magic, transmigration of souls and fortune telling is in the Tatar sample, the more convinced they are in their personal good luck. In the Russian sample the faith in justice of the world is directly related to the traditional religion (Orthodox Christianity), as well as with the beliefs in magic and fortune telling. The students from the Russian ethnic sample with the expressed faith in the paranormal phenomena show escape-avoidance coping strategy

Comparative evaluation of interpolyelectrolyte complexes of chitosan with Eudragit® L100 and Eudragit® L100-55 as potential carriers for oral controlled drug delivery

With a view to the application in oral controlled drug delivery systems, the formation of interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPEC) between chitosan (CS) and Eudragit® L100 (L100) or Eudragit® L100-55 (L100-55) was investigated at pH 6.0, using elementary analysis. The interaction or binding ratio of a unit molecule of CS with Eudragit® L copolymers depends on the molecular weight of CS, and changes from 1:0.85 to 1:1.22 (1.17 < φ < 0.82) for L100 and from 1:1.69 to 1:1.26 (0.60 < φ < 0.79) for L100-55, respectively. Based on the results of FT-IR, the structure of the IPECs can change substantially as a function of pH (from 5.8 till 7.4). Swelling behavior of physical mixtures (PM) is definitely different, and potential interactions between the two polyelectrolytes were not observed. The release of the model drug diclofenac sodium (DS) was significantly delayed from tablets made up of the IPEC and can be modified by two ways: choosing Eudragit® L copolymer types and/or changing the molecular weight of CS in the IPECs composition. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Novel (S)-Naproxen Derivatives

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.In order to optimize the study of the anti-inflammatory activity of novel drugs, in the current study, we used simple in vitro test system, which included osmotic and free radical hemolysis of human erythrocytes and human platelets aggregation, to screen for potential anti-inflammatory activity of three newly developed (S)-naproxen derivatives. We selected one of them (L3), which performed in in vitro tests nearly as well as naproxen, and studied their anti-inflammatory effects on in vivo model of inflammation, induced by carragenan. L3 was comparable to naproxen in its anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting that the studied simple inexpensive in vitro tests of erythrocyte osmotic and free radical hemolysis and human platelets aggregation could be used for pre-screening of potential anti-inflammatory agents

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene as a trigger of oxidative stress in Fagopyrum tataricum callus cells

Effect of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) on callus cells of Tartar buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) was accompanied by six-electron reduction of ortho- or para-nitro groups of the xenobiotic with the production of 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT). It was discovered that the xenobiotic TNT impairs integrity of cell membrane, which apparently results from its one-electron reduction coupled with production of nitro radical-anion and superoxide anion. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Highly reactive “RIKEN click” probe for glycoconjugation on lysines

© 2017 Elsevier LtdOne pot double click strategy containing strain-promoted click-reaction followed by 6π-azaelectrocyclization (RIKEN click reaction) has worked well in the synthesis of multivalent homogeneous and heterogeneous N-glycoalbumins. We have slightly changed the structure of linker unsaturated aldehyde used in this method. As a result it can be easily synthesized from commercially available material and furthermore, the enhancement of its reactivity towards both click-reactions was observed. The data described in this Communications facilitate the usage of the double click strategy as a general method for the synthesis of a variety of neo-N-glycoproteins

Antimicrobial effects of sulfonyl derivative of 2(5H)-furanone against planktonic and biofilm associated methicillin-resistant and -susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

© 2017 Sharafutdinov, Trizna, Baidamshina, Ryzhikova, Sibgatullina, Khabibrakhmanova, Latypova, Kurbangalieva,Rozhina, Klinger-Strobel, Fakhrullin, Pletz, Bo gachev, Kayumov and Makarewicz. The gram-positive opportunistic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causatives of a variety of diseases including skin and skin structure infection or nosocomial catheter-associated infections. The biofilm formation that is an important virulence factor of this microorganism renders the antibiotic therapy ineffective, because biofilm-embedded bacteria exhibit strongly increased tolerance to antimicrobials. Here, we describe a novel 3-chloro-5(S)-[(1R,2S,5R)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyloxy]-4-[4-methylphenylsulfonyl] -2(5H)-furanone (F105), possessing a sulfonyl group and l-menthol moiety. Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentration values (MIC and MBC) of F105 were 10 and 40 mg/L, respectively, suggesting F105 biocidal properties. F105 exhibits pronounced activity against biofilm-embedded S. aureus and increases the efficacy of aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, and kanamycin) and benzalkonium chloride with fractional inhibitory concentration index values of 0.33-0.44 and 0.29, respectively, suggesting an alternative external treatment option, e.g., for wound infections. Moreover, low concentrations (0.5-1.3 mg/L) of F105 reduced the MICs of these antimicrobials twofold. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy and CFU counting, we show explicitly that F105 also restores the antimicrobial activity of gentamicin and ampicillin against S. aureus biofilms by several orders of magnitude. Biofilm structures were not destroyed but sterilized, with embedded cells being almost completely killed at twofold MBC. While F105 is quite toxic (CC 50 /MBC ratio 0.2), our data suggest that the F105 chemotype might be a promising starting point for the development of complex topical agents for combined anti-staphylococcal biofilm-therapies restoring the efficacy of some antibiotics against difficult to treat S. aureus biofilm

METALS IN HERBACEOUS PLANTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES

Content of biophile elements and heavy metals in herbaceous plants of Tatarstan which belong to different types of adaptive strategies on Ramenskiy-Grime theory and to different ecological groups growing in different conditions of environments water regime was investigated in the article. It was statistically proved that plants with different types of adaptive strategies differ in the content of Zn. It was established that stress tolerators accumulate the studied elements in bigger quantity, than ruderals and competitors. Decrease of content of biophile elements and heavy metals in plants in the following line was revealed: mezophytes → xerophytes → mezohigrophytes