Effect of Virechana Karma on Beeja Dushti (Anovulation) Janya Vandhyatva : A Case Study

Introduction: The most common causes of female infertility are anovulatory problems that manifest themselves by irregular, sparse or absent menstrual periods. Beeja is considered as one of the four important factors essential for conception. The present study was done to evaluate the efficacy of Virechana Karma on Beeja Dushti (anovulation) Janya Vandhyatva. Materials & Methods: A female subject, 27 years old, visited the Stri Rog Prasuti Tantra O.P.D of Rajiv Gandhi Post Graduate Ayurvedic College, Paprola, Himachal Pradesh with complaints of inability to conceive after 3 years of active married life associated with irregular menses which was characterized by cycle length of 45-50 days. The previous records of the patient revealed anovulation. The hysterosalpingography of the patient was normal. The semen analysis of the husband was normal. Virechana Karma was selected as purificatory measure in this case. Result & Discussion: After the Virechana Karma the patient conceived spontaneously. Vata is considered main factor for Vandhyatva. In this case the treatment is directed towards pacifying the vitiated Vata Dosha. Virechana leads to Beeja Karmukta. Also the vitiated Artava Dhatu was pacified by correcting the Jatharagni and Dhatvagni. There were no adverse effects observed during the treatment

Unconventional powder method is a useful technique to determine the latent fingerprint impressions

Background: Fingerprint development techniques are being used for a long time and are considered one among the oldest methods in forensic science used to identify suspects. Fingerprints are one of the most significant types of physical evidence. There are various types of fingerprint patterns such as visible, plastic and latent. In criminal investigation cases, chance fingerprint impressions are mostly found at the crime scene. These prints are generally invisible and therefore require several development methods. The powder dusting technique of developing fingerprints involves the application of fine powder on the impression of the print with the help of a brush such as glass fiber or a camel hair brush. Main text: This paper rather focuses on various unconventional powder methods than the widely used conventional ones. This will help identify other cheaper, non-toxic powders that are commonly available as an alternative to the expensive, toxic ones. The author’s main aim is to provide a collective review of the work of other scientists in order to identify everyday materials, commonly available that can be used as possible means to develop a fingerprint impression. Conclusion: For a better result, the unconventional powder is used on different surfaces i.e. porous, non-porous, and semi-porous for latent fingerprint impressions. After developing impressions on different surfaces, we conclude our result that unconventional powder is very useful.&nbsp

Reactive Oxygen Species in Regulating Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Function

The lymphatic system is pivotal for immunosurveillance and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Lymphangiogenesis, the formation of new lymphatic vessels from pre-existing vessels, has both physiological and pathological roles. Recent advances in the molecular mechanisms regulating lymphangiogenesis have opened a new area of research on reparative lymphangiogenesis for the treatment of various pathological disorders comprising neurological disorders, cardiac repair, autoimmune disease, obesity, atherosclerosis, etc. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the various cell types serve as signaling molecules in several cellular mechanisms and regulate various aspects of growth-factor-mediated responses, including lymphangiogenesis. The ROS, including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, play both beneficial and detrimental roles depending upon their levels and cellular microenvironment. Low ROS levels are essential for lymphangiogenesis. On the contrary, oxidative stress due to enhanced ROS generation and/or reduced levels of antioxidants suppresses lymphangiogenesis via promoting lymphatic endothelial cell apoptosis and death. In this review article, we provide an overview of types and sources of ROS, discuss the role of ROS in governing lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic function, and summarize the role of lymphatics in various diseases

ARCE prevented H₂O₂ induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells.

<p>The cells were subjected to various treatments followed by staining with Annexin V-Alexa 488/PI for 15 min at 37°C in dark. Untreated cells were used as control. The stained cells were analyzed by flow cytometer. Double positive events indicate apoptotic cells (values encircled in red) and double negative events indicate viable cell population.</p

ARCE prevented ISO induced myocardial damage in rats.

<p>The plots represents (A) the cardiosomatic indices (heart weight: body weight) and (B) activity levels of CK-MB of control and treated rats. (C) Representative images of the ventricular tissue sections (control and treated) stained with TTC. Arrows indicate infarcted regions. (D) The plot represents % infarct area as measured from the TTC stained sections using Image J software. Further, the ventricular tissue samples were fixed, dehydrated and subjected to paraffin was embedding. Tissue sections were cut and mounted on the slide. (E) Representative images of the ventricular tissue sections stained with HXE. Magnification = 100X (400X for inset). The data were expressed as mean ± SEM from two independent experiments, n = 6 in each experiments. ***P<0.001 and **P<0.01 vs. control group; ###P<0.001, ##P<0.01 and #P<0.05 vs. ISO group.</p

GC-MS profile of crude extract.

<p>GC-MS profile of crude extract.</p

ARCE prevented ISO induced modulations in gene expressions in rat heart tissues.

<p>The total RNA isolated from heart tissues from rats of various treatment groups were subjected to cDNA synthesis and followed by quantitative PCR for (A) antioxidant genes (<i>sod</i> and <i>catalase</i>), (B) pro-apoptotic (<i>bax</i>) and anti-apoptotic (<i>bcl-2</i>) genes and (C) myocardium specific <i>caveolin-3</i> and <i>SERCA2a</i> were analysed by quantitative PCR. The data were represented as mean ± SEM, two independent experiments, n = 6 in each experiments. **P<0.01 and *P<0.05 vs. control group; ##P<0.01 and #P<0.05 vs. ISO group.</p