ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НАУЧНОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КАТЕГОРИИ «ПОСТУПОК ЛИТЕРАТУРНОГО ГЕРОЯ» (НА ОСНОВЕ КОГНИТИВНОГО МЕТОДА ДВУХУРОВНЕВОЙ ТРИАДИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕШИФРОВКИ)

The article deals with the problem of developing definitions of research objects using cognitive methods and intellectual circuit techniques. The category “act of a literary hero” shows that there are a large number of definitions of this category, but there is no definition reflecting the fundamental essential characteristics of the hero’s act in the literature. To construct the definition of the category “act of the literary hero”, the method of two-level triadic decryption of the basic category was used, which is a tool of categorical system methodology. As a result, an exhaustive description of “the act of a literary hero” arising in the literature of a given historical period was obtained.El artículo aborda el problema del desarrollo de definiciones de objetos de investigación utilizando métodos cognitivos y técnicas de circuitos intelectuales. La categoría "acto de un héroe literario" muestra que hay un gran número de definiciones de esta categoría, pero no hay una definición que refleje las características esenciales fundamentales del acto del héroe en la literatura. Para construir la definición de la categoría "acto del héroe literario", se utilizó el método de descifrado triádico de dos niveles de la categoría básica, que es una herramienta de la metodología de sistemas categóricos. Como resultado, se obtuvo una descripción exhaustiva del " acto de un héroe literario " que surge en la literatura de un período histórico determinado.В статье рассмотрена проблема разработки определений объектов исследования с применением когнитивных методов и интеллектуальной схемотехники. На примере категории «поступок литературного героя» показано, что при наличии большого числа определений данной категории отсутствует дефиниция, отражающая фундаментальные сущностные характеристики поступка героя в литературе. Для конструирования определения категории «поступок литературного героя» использован метод двухуровневой триадической дешифровки базовой категории, являющийся инструментом категориально-системной методологии. В результате получено исчерпывающее описание рассматриваемой категории – поступка литературного героя, возникшего в литературе заданного исторического периода

Privacy virtualisation as an element of the new gender order

The article is analysed the privacy virtualisation phenomenon, which has become a trend in the digital world. Considering virtual communication practices in the context of global sociality transformations, the author shows that their impact on gender relations is progressive; the formats differ in structural and content diversity. The overview of the most important world studies in virtuality sociology is presented. They have in common is the concern of scholars about the substitution of real interpersonal relationships by virtual ones, the blurring of boundaries between these life layers with the social loneliness growth. The methodological basis is the gender approach and its private concept – the theory of changing the gender order, within which the rules and norms regulating the private sphere are conceptualized as variable, changeable and having socio-cultural conditioning. The author proposes a theoretical model of the mechanism for choosing a virtual partner, supported by the results of an online survey, analyses the features of the formation and development of virtual relations, the possibility of moving to the real plane, depending on the motivation of actors and trust in the virtual partner. Some trends in the development of virtual private practices are noted, including the development of artificial sociality, control of the digital footprint and communication with virtual agents

Measurement of the status of complex systems in multidimensional phase spaces

A method for complex measurement of the state of objects in relation to the reference state and the reference process has been developed, based on obtaining state equations in the form of phenomenological relationships and using multidimensional scaling methods. As examples, the equations of states are obtained and measuring scales for two complex systems are constructed. The first example is related to the study of the similarity of biological species in the three-dimensional phase space of state variables. The second example uses statistical data on the state and development of Russian citie

New Technologies and Innovative Solutions in the Development of Multimedia Corpus of Mezen Robinsons Texts

Objective: New Technologies and Innovative Solutions in creating a multimedia corpus of texts about the "Mezen Robinsons" aims to preserve the memory of an event that occurred in the 18th century and to study the history of Spitsbergen development. This article presents a multimedia corpus of Russian-language texts about the "Mezen Robinsons" written in 1766–2022. Observations show that the history of the survival of the Mezen hunters on Edge Island in 1743–1749 has repeatedly attracted the attention of specialists from various fields of knowledge: historians, archaeologists, publicists, professional writers, translators, etc. The corpus unites texts, audio, video, and multimedia resources. Methods: continuous sampling was used to collect the material; when analyzing and describing the data, we applied a descriptive method, a biographical method of studying literature, statistical data processing, philological analysis, observation, assessment, and corpus modeling methods. Findings: the methodology and technology of building an independent multimedia corpus, its architecture, and its design are described. Novelty: the multimedia corpus is a contribution to the development of a new approach to studying the subjectology of Russian literature. Practical significance:the findings can become the basis for studying the biographies and creativity of various authors who built their works on the plot of the Mezen industrialists and for further comparison of various interpretations of one event from the history of the development of the Arctic. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2023-04-01-07 Full Text: PD

The effects of acidosis on eNOS in the systemic vasculature: a focus on early postnatal ontogenesis

The activity of many vasomotor signaling pathways strongly depends on extracellular/intracellular pH. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most important vasodilators produced by the endothelium. In this review, we present evidence that in most vascular beds of mature mammalian organisms metabolic or respiratory acidosis increases functional endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS) activity, despite the observation that direct effects of low pH on eNOS enzymatic activity are inhibitory. This can be explained by the fact that acidosis increases the activity of signaling pathways that positively regulate eNOS activity. The role of NO in the regulation of vascular tone is greater in early postnatal ontogenesis compared to adulthood. Importantly, in early postnatal ontogenesis acidosis also augments functional eNOS activity and its contribution to the regulation of arterial contractility. Therefore, the effect of acidosis on total peripheral resistance in neonates may be stronger than in adults and can be one of the reasons for an undesirable decrease in blood pressure during neonatal asphyxia. The latter, however, should be proven in future studies

Remodeling of arterial tone regulation in postnatal development: focus on smooth muscle cell potassium channels

Maturation of the cardiovascular system is associated with crucial structural and functional remodeling. Thickening of the arterial wall, maturation of the sympathetic innervation, and switching of the mechanisms of arterial contraction from calcium-independent to calcium-dependent occur during postnatal development. All these processes promote an almost doubling of blood pressure from the moment of birth to reaching adulthood. This review focuses on the developmental alterations of potassium channels functioning as key smooth muscle membrane potential determinants and, consequently, vascular tone regulators. We present evidence that the pattern of potassium channel contribution to vascular control changes from K(ir)2, K(v)1, K(v)7 and TASK-1 channels to BK(Ca) channels with maturation. The differences in the contribution of potassium channels to vasomotor tone at different stages of postnatal life should be considered in treatment strategies of cardiovascular diseases associated with potassium channel malfunction

Обеспечение безопасности при эксплуатации беспилотных летательных аппаратов на объектах транспортной инфраструктуры

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), also known as drones, are gaining more and more practical application in modern society, particularly as the tools of implementation of the concepts of «smart city», «smart health care», «smart industries», Internet of Things, 3D mapping, digital transport. But currently it is impossible to use of UAV at certain objects, comprising objects of transport infrastructure (OTI), primarily, airports, because of existing restrictions due to security threats arising during the UAV flight.The authors of the present work have set a goal to offer a solution that allows to start operating UAV at transport infrastructure facilities that are currently prohibited for UAV flights. To achieve the objective of the work, using analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization, factors and conditions for safe use of UAV at OTI have been formulated, a method for increasing security of UAV flight has been developed, followed by the suggestion on the UAV route control system.The proposed system makes it possible to safely use UAVs at OTI by restraining their flight area strictly to the designated corridor, which eliminates a threat of a collision of UAV with other vehicles operated at OTI, dangerous elements of OTI, as well as with people at the object.The system does not need electric power feeding, which makes it possible to implement the system without creating an auxiliary power supply infrastructure.The practical application of the proposed system and, as a consequence, implementation of a greater number of opportunities for the use of UAV, are capable to generate fundamentally new technological processes and structures at transport facilities, which is one of the directions for creating the next generation transport infrastructure based on IoT and artificial intelligence.Беспилотные летательные аппараты (БПЛА), также известные как дроны или беспилотники, получают всё большее практическое применение в современном обществе, в том числе как инструменты реализации концепций «умного города», «умного здравоохранения», «умной индустрии», Интернета вещей, 3D‑картографии, цифрового транспорта. Но, в настоящий момент, применение БПЛА на определённых объектах, в том числе и транспортной инфраструктуры (ОТИ), в первую очередь, в аэропортах, невозможно в силу существующих ограничений, вызванных угрозами безопасности, возникающими при полёте БПЛА.Авторами в данной работе была поставлена цель предложить решение, позволяющее начать эксплуатацию беспилотных летательных аппаратов на объектах транспортной инфраструктуры, в настоящий момент закрытых для полётов БПЛА.Для достижения цели работы, с применением анализа и синтеза, сравнения и обобщения, сформулированы факторы и условия безопасного применения БПЛА на ОТИ, с учётом которых разработаны метод повышения безопасности движения беспилотных летательных аппаратов и реализующая его система контроля маршрутов беспилотных летательных аппаратов.Предложенная система делает возможным безопасно применять БПЛА на ОТИ за счёт ограничения зоны их полёта строго в обозначенном коридоре, что позволяет исключить угрозу столкновения БПЛА с другими транспортными средствами (ТС), эксплуатируемыми на ОТИ, опасными элементами ОТИ, людьми и т.д.Для функционирования системы не требуется электроэнергия, что позволяет внедрять систему без создания вспомогательной энергообеспечивающей инфраструктуры.Практическое применение предложенной системы и, как следствие, внедрение большего количества возможностей, возникающих при применении БПЛА, способно генерировать на объектах транспорта принципиально новые технологические процессы и структуры, что является одним из направлений создания транспортной инфраструктуры следующего поколения, основанной на IoT и искусственном интеллекте

TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channels (TASK-1) emerge as contributors to tone regulation in renal arteries at alkaline pH

Aim: TASK-1 channels are established regulators of pulmonary artery tone but their contribution to the regulation of vascular tone in systemic arteries is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that TASK-1 channel functional impact differs among systemic vascular beds, that this is associated with differences in their expression and may increase with alkalization of the extracellular environment. Therefore, we evaluated the expression level of TASK-1 channels and their vasomotor role in mesenteric and renal arteries. Methods: Pulmonary, mesenteric and renal arteries from male Wistar rats were used for TASK-1 channel mRNA (qPCR) and protein content (Western blotting) measurements. The functional role of TASK-1 channels was studied by wire myography using the TASK-1 channel blocker AVE1231. In some experiments, the endothelium was removed with a rat whisker. Results: Expression levels of both mRNA and protein of the TASK-1 channel pore-forming subunit were highest in pulmonary arteries, lowest in mesenteric arteries and had an intermediate value in renal arteries. Blockade of TASK-1 channels by 1 µM AVE1231 increased U46619-induced contractile responses of pulmonary arteries but did not affect basal tone and contractile responses to methoxamine of mesenteric and renal arteries at physiological extracellular pH (pHo = 7.41). At alkaline extracellular pH = 7.75 (increase of NaHCO3 to 52 mM) AVE1231 evoked the development of basal tone and increased contractile responses to low concentrations of methoxamine in renal but not mesenteric arteries. This effect was independent of the endothelium. Conclusion: In the rat systemic circulation, TASK-1 channels are abundant in renal arteries and have an anticontractile function under conditions of extracellular alkalosis

Method and criteria for assessing the sustainable development

The present paper proposed socio-econometric scales for assessing the development of regions as well as criteria for characterizing their sustainability based on a relative comparison of development vector of each region with the reference vector of development of control group of region