Modular Green Roofs in Urban Ecospace

This chapter essentially starts with green roof systems in an overview of the green building industry. Various green roof systems, traditional green roof structures, and innovative modular green roofs are also examined. The advantages of these systems are delineated. Likewise, the most important green roof technologies, the factors that impact the decision to choose roofing system, which are recommended for adoption, are discussed. The greatest value of installing modular green roof systems as a successful solution for urban ecospaces is also explained here. Green roof benefits and values are considered as well as important advance on sustainable development of landscape planning and design of the environment, including modern green infrastructure elements. This study analyses both traditional green roof structures, co-called green roof “pie,” and innovative modular green roof systems. Finally, the influence and impact of green features on green building development and standard documents required and related issues are examined

Modular greening technologies for buildings

In this research we provide the analysis of the modern green wall technologies. The modular greening technology for the buildings is universal invention with respect to the purpose of the building and it is applicable for greening buildings intended for any spheres of «going into nature» aims. The complexity of installation work of this modular constructive greening system is quite low, which is one of the main advantages of the invention. Due to the fact that the system can be installed both vertically and horizontally, a single coating system of modules is formed. These modules can optimally fill the facades of the building due to the fact that their dimensions can vary. The constructive weight of the system is not large; for this, the technological process is optimized. This system is the most environmentally and technically efficient for the green buildings

Application of ESG certification in city farming construction and green transport infrastructure

Today, the problem of environmental degradation is acute for all mankind. More and more global companies are taking a course towards responsible and environmentally friendly production. According to experts, in the near future, corporations that ignore the principles of environmental conservation may lose investments from large funds. The concept of sustainable development, assessment of risks and opportunities related to climate change, respect for human rights and solving problems of society and local communities has become a global trend and will determine the economic and financial agenda in the near future. The article is devoted to the consideration of the importance and implementation of a new organization of farming and the city farming construction on the buildings with as an object of ESG certification and green transport infrastructure. The practice of using trusses on the roofs of buildings and transport objects for various purposes is revealed. A rational approach to the assessment and certification of such objects is substantiated

Application of optical coherence tomography for in vivo monitoring of the meningeal lymphatic vessels during opening of blood–brain barrier: mechanisms of brain clearing

The meningeal lymphatic vessels were discovered 2 years ago as the drainage system involved in the mechanisms underlying the clearance of waste products from the brain. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a gatekeeper that strongly controls the movement of different molecules from the blood into the brain. We know the scenarios during the opening of the BBB, but there is extremely limited information on how the brain clears the substances that cross the BBB. Here, using the model of sound-induced opening of the BBB, we clearly show how the brain clears dextran after it crosses the BBB via the meningeal lymphatic vessels. We first demonstrate successful application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for imaging of the lymphatic vessels in the meninges after opening of the BBB, which might be a new useful strategy for noninvasive analysis of lymphatic drainage in daily clinical practice. Also, we give information about the depth and size of the meningeal lymphatic vessels in mice. These new fundamental data with the applied focus on the OCT shed light on the mechanisms of brain clearance and the role of lymphatic drainage in these processes that could serve as an informative platform for a development of therapy and diagnostics of diseases associated with injuries of the BBB such as stroke, brain trauma, glioma, depression, or Alzheimer disease

Optical coherence microangiography of the mouse kidney for diagnosis of circulatory disorders

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become widespread in clinical applications in which precise three-dimensional functional imaging of living organs is required. Nevertheless, the kidney is inaccessible for the high resolution OCT imaging due to a high light attenuation coefficient of skin and soft tissues that significantly limits the penetration depth of the probing laser beam. Here, we introduce a surgical protocol and fixation scheme that enables functional visualization of kidney’s peritubular capillaries via OCT microangiography. The model of reversible/irreversible glomerulus embolization using drug microcarriers confirms the ability of OCT to detect circulatory disorders. This approach can be used for choosing optimal carriers, their dosages and diagnosis of other blood flow pathologies

Characterization of cerebral blood flow dynamics with multiscale entropy

Based on the laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) and the multiscale entropy (MSE), we study in this work the blood flow dynamics at the levels of cerebral veins and the surrounding network of microcerebral vessels. We discuss how the phenylephrine-related acute peripheral hypertension is reflected in the cerebral circulation and show that the observed changes are scale-dependent, and they are significantly more pronounced in microcerebral vessels, while the macrocerebral dynamics does not demonstrate authentic inter-group distinctions. We also consider the permeability of blood–brain barrier (BBB) and study its opening caused by sound exposure. We show that alterations associated with the BBB opening can be revealed by the analysis of blood flow at the level of macrocerebral vessels

Indicators of the resource efficiency development in Russia

Inclusion of the carbon component in the standard STO NOSTROY "Green construction" is the part of the study of institutional aspects of the introduction of energy efficiency standards. In the course of this study, based on the generalization of international experience, proposals are being developed to develop mandatory and voluntary carbon reporting in accordance with the concept of sustainable development in Russia, and a rationale is being developed for incorporating the requirements for reducing greenhouse gas emissions within a voluntary certification of real estate "Green Standards" and other systems

Innovation technologies in Green Roof systems

This article analyses both traditional green roof structures and innovative modular green roof systems. Project design and construction of new buildings with smart green technologies is a main trend in the process of mitigation climate change, because in most European countries the construction sector consumes approximately one third of the total energy used. Despite a wide range of proposed initiatives in the construction sector measures mainly focused on energy-saving technologies, alternative energy resources and methods to bring multiple economic profit and great environment benefits

Green Roofs: Standardization and Quality Control of Processes in Green Construction

The article considers the problems of standardization and quality control of processes in the construction, improvement of integrated safety of buildings and the implementation of innovative green building technologies, the use of national standards as well as international rating systems for green buildings evaluation. This is one of the priority directions in development of the modern construction. The aim of this study is the analysis of the green roof systems and international standards, which were carried out in the green building industry. The authors have studied traditional and innovative solutions of rational using natural resources and energy, the green roof system with integration of supported solar and wind energy collecting and converting devices and of irrigation system. Some studies provide evidence for the benefits of the modular green roof system in urban green space with microclimate differences. This article presents a new research which advances our knowledge of the economic and environmental services provided by the green roof system. Research reported here also considers the analysis of the Russian and international legislation of the quality control of processes in green construction

Technical and economical factors in green roof using to reduce the aircraft noise

The relevance of research is due increased environmental tensions associated with the noise impact of transport, including the problem of aircraft noise. The purpose of the study is the development of reduce the impact of aircraft noise on the population living near airports, and assessment of the cost-effectiveness of measures to implement measures to reduce noise interference with the device of green roof systems on residential and public buildings near aviation facilities. The predominance of green spaces, architectural forms and other elements of improvement contribute to improving the environment, quality of life, including by reducing the noise load. Based economic analysis and assessment of the noise situation use greening strucrures that improve the well-being of the local population, this particularity concerns the provision of health and psychological comfort of the population. The assessment of the ecological and economic efficiency of green roof systems has shown that the benefits of the green spaces are multifunctional, and in addition to reducing noise, they also reduced the island's effect of heat by creating a shadow, reduce the need for conditioning, reduce wind load, filter harmful emissions, improve air quality and preserve biodiversity