157 research outputs found
Computer-aided design of bevel gear tooth surfaces
This paper presents a computer-aided design procedure for generating bevel gears. The development is based on examining a perfectly plastic, cone-shaped gear blank rolling over a cutting tooth on a plane crown rack. The resulting impression on the plastic gear blank is the envelope of the cutting tooth. This impression and envelope thus form a conjugate tooth surface. Equations are presented for the locus of points on the tooth surface. The same procedures are then extended to simulate the generation of a spiral bevel gear. The corresponding governing equations are presented
A Deep Learning Approach to Radar-based QPE
In this study, we propose a volume-to-point framework for quantitative
precipitation estimation (QPE) based on the Quantitative Precipitation
Estimation and Segregation Using Multiple Sensor (QPESUMS) Mosaic Radar data
set. With a data volume consisting of the time series of gridded radar
reflectivities over the Taiwan area, we used machine learning algorithms to
establish a statistical model for QPE in weather stations. The model extracts
spatial and temporal features from the input data volume and then associates
these features with the location-specific precipitations. In contrast to QPE
methods based on the Z-R relation, we leverage the machine learning algorithms
to automatically detect the evolution and movement of weather systems and
associate these patterns to a location with specific topographic attributes.
Specifically, we evaluated this framework with the hourly precipitation data of
45 weather stations in Taipei during 2013-2016. In comparison to the
operational QPE scheme used by the Central Weather Bureau, the volume-to-point
framework performed comparably well in general cases and excelled in detecting
heavy-rainfall events. By using the current results as the reference benchmark,
the proposed method can integrate the heterogeneous data sources and
potentially improve the forecast in extreme precipitation scenarios.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures. Published in Earth and Space Scienc
Study of sponge gourd ascorbate peroxidase and winter squash superoxide dismutase under respective flooding and chilling stresses
AbstractThe objectives of this work were to study the responses of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and physiological parameters of bitter melon (BM), sponge gourd (SG), and winter squash (WS) under waterlogged and low temperature conditions. The BM and SG plants were subjected to 0â72h flooding treatments. Moreover, BM and WS plants were exposed to chilling at 12/7°C (day/night) for 0â72h. The results show that different genotypes responded differently to environmental stress according to their various antioxidant enzymes and physiological parameters. The activity of APX in roots and leaves of SG plants significantly higher than that of BM plants during continuous flooding. Significant increases in SOD activity in leaves of WS plants were also observed throughout the entire chilling duration compared to BM plants. On the basis of our observations, we conclude that increased APX and SOD activities provide SG and WS plants with increased waterlogging and chilling stress tolerance, respectively. Both APX and SOD activities can be used for selecting BM lines with the best tolerances to water logging and chilling stresses
Towards General-Purpose Text-Instruction-Guided Voice Conversion
This paper introduces a novel voice conversion (VC) model, guided by text
instructions such as "articulate slowly with a deep tone" or "speak in a
cheerful boyish voice". Unlike traditional methods that rely on reference
utterances to determine the attributes of the converted speech, our model adds
versatility and specificity to voice conversion. The proposed VC model is a
neural codec language model which processes a sequence of discrete codes,
resulting in the code sequence of converted speech. It utilizes text
instructions as style prompts to modify the prosody and emotional information
of the given speech. In contrast to previous approaches, which often rely on
employing separate encoders like prosody and content encoders to handle
different aspects of the source speech, our model handles various information
of speech in an end-to-end manner. Experiments have demonstrated the impressive
capabilities of our model in comprehending instructions and delivering
reasonable results.Comment: Accepted to ASRU 202
NeighborTrack: Improving Single Object Tracking by Bipartite Matching with Neighbor Tracklets
We propose a post-processor, called NeighborTrack, that leverages neighbor
information of the tracking target to validate and improve single-object
tracking (SOT) results. It requires no additional data or retraining. Instead,
it uses the confidence score predicted by the backbone SOT network to
automatically derive neighbor information and then uses this information to
improve the tracking results. When tracking an occluded target, its appearance
features are untrustworthy. However, a general siamese network often cannot
tell whether the tracked object is occluded by reading the confidence score
alone, because it could be misled by neighbors with high confidence scores. Our
proposed NeighborTrack takes advantage of unoccluded neighbors' information to
reconfirm the tracking target and reduces false tracking when the target is
occluded. It not only reduces the impact caused by occlusion, but also fixes
tracking problems caused by object appearance changes. NeighborTrack is
agnostic to SOT networks and post-processing methods. For the VOT challenge
dataset commonly used in short-term object tracking, we improve three famous
SOT networks, Ocean, TransT, and OSTrack, by an average of EAO and
robustness. For the mid- and long-term tracking experiments based on
OSTrack, we achieve state-of-the-art AUC on LaSOT and AO
on GOT-10K. Code duplication can be found in
https://github.com/franktpmvu/NeighborTrack.Comment: This paper was accepted by 9th International Workshop on Computer
Vision in Sports (CVsports) 2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and
Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW
PmoB subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) in Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath): The Cu^I sponge and its function
In this study, we describe efforts to clarify the role of the copper cofactors associated with subunit B (PmoB) of the particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) (M. capsulatus). This subunit exhibits strong affinity toward Cu^I ions. To elucidate the high copper affinity of the subunit, the full-length PmoB, and the N-terminal truncated mutants PmoB_(33â414) and PmoB_(55â414), each fused to the maltose-binding protein (MBP), are cloned and over-expressed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) K12 TB1 cells. The Y374F, Y374S and M300L mutants of these protein constructs are also studied. When this E. coli is grown with the pmoB gene in 1.0âŻmM Cu^(II), it behaves like M. capsulatus (Bath) cultured under high copper stresswith abundant membrane accumulation and high CuI content. The recombinantPmoB proteins are verified by Western blotting of antibodies directed against the MBP sub-domain in each of the copper-enriched PmoB proteins. Cu K-edge X-rayabsorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) of the copper ions confirms that all the PmoB recombinants are Cu^I proteins. All the PmoB proteins show evidence of a âdicopper siteâ according to analysis of the Cu extended X-ray absorption edge fine structure (EXAFS) of the membranes. No specific activities toward methane and propene oxidation are observed with the recombinant membrane-bound PmoB proteins. However, significant production of hydrogen peroxide is observed in the case of the PmoB_(33â414) mutant. Reaction of the dicopper site with dioxygenproduces hydrogen peroxide and leads to oxidation of the CuI ions residing in the C-terminal sub-domain of the PmoB subunit
Equivalent efficacies of reverse hybrid and concomitant therapies in first- line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection
Background and AimConcomitant therapy is a recommended first- line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection in most national or international consensuses. Reverse hybrid therapy is a modified 14- day concomitant therapy without clarithromycin and metronidazole in the final 7ĂÂ days. This study aims to test whether 14- day reverse hybrid therapy is non- inferior to 14- day concomitant therapy in the first- line treatment of H.ĂÂ pylori infection.MethodsHelicobacter pylori- infected adult patients were randomly assigned to receive either reverse hybrid therapy (dexlansoprazole 60ĂÂ mg o.d. plus amoxicillin 1ĂÂ g b.d. for 14ĂÂ days, and clarithromycin 500ĂÂ mg plus metronidazole 500ĂÂ mg b.d. for initial 7ĂÂ days) or concomitant therapy (dexlansoprazole 60ĂÂ mg once o.d. plus amoxicillin 1ĂÂ g, clarithromycin 500ĂÂ mg, and metronidazole 500ĂÂ mg b.d. for 14ĂÂ days). H.ĂÂ pylori status was assessed 6ĂÂ weeks after the end of treatment.ResultsHelicobacter pylori- infected participants (nĂÂ =ĂÂ 248) were randomized to receive either 14- day reverse hybrid therapy (nĂÂ =ĂÂ 124) or 14- day concomitant therapy (nĂÂ =ĂÂ 124). Intention- to- treat analysis demonstrated that the two therapies had comparable eradication rate (95.2% vs 93.5%; 95% confidence interval, - 4.0% to 7.4%; PĂÂ =ĂÂ 0.582). However, reverse hybrid therapy had a much lower frequency of adverse events than concomitant therapy (20.2% vs 38.7%, PĂÂ =ĂÂ 0.001). The two therapies exhibited comparable drug adherence (93.5% vs 87.9%, PĂÂ =ĂÂ 0.125).ConclusionsFourteen- day reverse hybrid therapy and 14- day concomitant therapy are equivalent in efficacy for the first- line treatment of H.ĂÂ pylori infection. However, reverse hybrid therapy has fewer adverse events compared with concomitant therapy.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163472/2/jgh15034_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163472/1/jgh15034.pd
PmoB subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) in Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath): The Cu^I sponge and its function
In this study, we describe efforts to clarify the role of the copper cofactors associated with subunit B (PmoB) of the particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) (M. capsulatus). This subunit exhibits strong affinity toward Cu^I ions. To elucidate the high copper affinity of the subunit, the full-length PmoB, and the N-terminal truncated mutants PmoB_(33â414) and PmoB_(55â414), each fused to the maltose-binding protein (MBP), are cloned and over-expressed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) K12 TB1 cells. The Y374F, Y374S and M300L mutants of these protein constructs are also studied. When this E. coli is grown with the pmoB gene in 1.0âŻmM Cu^(II), it behaves like M. capsulatus (Bath) cultured under high copper stresswith abundant membrane accumulation and high CuI content. The recombinantPmoB proteins are verified by Western blotting of antibodies directed against the MBP sub-domain in each of the copper-enriched PmoB proteins. Cu K-edge X-rayabsorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) of the copper ions confirms that all the PmoB recombinants are Cu^I proteins. All the PmoB proteins show evidence of a âdicopper siteâ according to analysis of the Cu extended X-ray absorption edge fine structure (EXAFS) of the membranes. No specific activities toward methane and propene oxidation are observed with the recombinant membrane-bound PmoB proteins. However, significant production of hydrogen peroxide is observed in the case of the PmoB_(33â414) mutant. Reaction of the dicopper site with dioxygenproduces hydrogen peroxide and leads to oxidation of the CuI ions residing in the C-terminal sub-domain of the PmoB subunit
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