4 research outputs found
Immobilization of Carbon Dots in Molecularly Imprinted Microgels for Optical Sensing of Glucose at Physiological pH
Nanosized carbon dots (CDs) are emerging
as superior fluorophores
for biosensing and a bioimaging agent with excellent photostability,
chemical inertness, and marginal cytotoxicity. This paper reports
a facile one-pot strategy to immobilize the biocompatible and fluorescent
CDs (∼6 nm) into the glucose-imprinted polyÂ(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide-acrylamide-vinylphenylboronic acid) [polyÂ(NIPAM-AAm-VPBA)]
copolymer microgels for continuous optical glucose detection. The
CDs designed with surface hydroxyl/carboxyl groups can form complexes
with the AAm comonomers via hydrogen bonds and, thus, can be easily
immobilized into the gel network during the polymerization reaction.
The resultant glucose-imprinted hybrid microgels can reversibly swell
and shrink in response to the variation of surrounding glucose concentration
and correspondingly quench and recover the fluorescence signals of
the embedded CDs, converting biochemical signals to optical signals.
The highly imprinted hybrid microgels demonstrate much higher sensitivity
and selectivity for glucose detection than the nonimprinted hybrid
microgels over a clinically relevant range of 0–30 mM at physiological
pH and benefited from the synergistic effects of the glucose molecular
contour and the geometrical constraint of the binding sites dictated
by the glucose imprinting process. The highly stable immobilization
of CDs in the gel networks provides the hybrid microgels with excellent
optical signal reproducibility after five repeated cycles of addition
and dialysis removal of glucose in the bathing medium. In addition,
the hybrid microgels show no effect on the cell viability in the tested
concentration range of 25–100 μg/mL. The glucose-imprinted
polyÂ(NIPAM-AAm-VPBA)-CDs hybrid microgels demonstrate a great promise
for a new glucose sensor that can continuously monitor glucose level
change
Biocompatible Chitosan–Carbon Dot Hybrid Nanogels for NIR-Imaging-Guided Synergistic Photothermal–Chemo Therapy
Multifunctional
nanocarriers with good biocompatibility, good imaging
function, and smart drug delivery ability are crucial for realizing
highly efficient imaging-guided chemotherapy in vivo. This paper reports
a type of chitosan–carbon dot (CD) hybrid nanogels (CCHNs,
∼65 nm) by integrating pH-sensitive chitosan and fluorescent
CDs into a single nanostructure for simultaneous near-infrared (NIR)
imaging and NIR/pH dual-responsive drug release to improve therapeutic
efficacy. Such CCHNs were synthesized via a nonsolvent-induced colloidal
nanoparticle formation of chitosan–CD complexes assisted by
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) molecules in the aqueous phase.
The selective cross-linking of chitosan chains in the nanoparticles
can immobilize small CDs complexed in the chitosan networks. The resultant
CCHNs display high colloidal stability, high loading capacity for
doxorubicin (DOX), bright and stable fluorescence from UV to NIR wavelength
range, efficient NIR photothermal conversion, and intelligent drug
release in response to both NIR light and change in pH. The results
from in vitro tests on cell model and in vivo tests on different tissues
of animal model indicate that the CCHNs are nontoxic. The DOX-loaded
CCHNs can permeate into the implanted tumor on mice and release drug
molecules efficiently on site to inhibit tumor growth. The additional
photothermal treatments from NIR irradiation can further inhibit the
tumor growth, benefited from the effective NIR photothermal conversion
of CCHNs. The demonstrated CCHNs manifest a great promise toward multifunctional
intelligent nanoplatform for highly efficient imaging-guided cancer
therapy with low side effects
Near-Infrared- and Visible-Light-Enhanced Metal-Free Catalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants over Carbon-Dot-Based Carbocatalysts Synthesized from Biomass
Cost-efficient
nanoparticle carbocatalysts composed of fluorescent
carbon dots (CDs) embedded in carbon matrix were synthesized via one-step
acid-assisted hydrothermal treatment (200 °C) of glucose. These
as-synthesized CD-based carbocatalysts have excellent photoluminescence
(PL) properties over a broad range of wavelengths and the external
visible or NIR irradiation on the carbocatalysts could produce electrons
to form electron–hole (e<sup>–</sup>–h<sup>+</sup>) pairs on the surface of carbocatalysts. These restant electron–hole
pairs will react with the adsorbed oxidants/reducers on the surface
of the CD-based carbocatalysts to produce active radicals for reduction
of 4-nitrophenol and degradation of dye molecules. Moreover, the local
temperature increase over CD-based carbocatalyst under NIR irradiation
can enhance the electron transfer rate between the organic molecules
and CD-based carbocatalysts, thus obviously increase the catalytic
activity of the CD-based carbocatalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol
and the degradation of dye molecules. Such a type of CD-based carbocatalysts
with excellent properties and highly efficient metal-free photocatalytic
activities is an ideal candidate as photocatalysts for the reduction
of organic pollutants under visible light and NIR radiation
Porous Carbon Protected Magnetite and Silver Hybrid Nanoparticles: Morphological Control, Recyclable Catalysts, and Multicolor Cell Imaging
A simple
and facile synthetic strategy is developed to prepare a new class
of multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) that can integrate a
magnetic core with silver nanocrystals embedded in porous carbon shell.
The method involves a one-step solvothermal synthesis of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C template NPs with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>nanocrystals
in the core protected by a porous carbon shell, followed by loading
and in situ reduction of silver ions in the carbon shell in water
at room temperature. The core–satellite and dumbbell-like nanostructures
of the resulted Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C–Ag hybrid NPs
can be readily controlled by loading amount of silver ions. The hybrid
NPs can efficiently catalyze the reduction reaction of organic dyes
in water. The easy magnetic separation and high stability of the catalytically
active silver nanocrystals embedded in the carbon shell enable the
hybrid NPs to be recycled for reuse as catalysts. The hybrid NPs can
also overcome cellular barriers to enter the intracellular region
and light up the mouse melanoma B16F10 cells in multicolor modal,
with no cytotoxicity. Such porous carbon protected Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C–Ag hybrid NPs with controllable nanostructures and
a combination of magnetic and noble metallic components have great
potential for a broad range of applications in the catalytic industry
and biomedical field