Porous Carbon Protected Magnetite and Silver Hybrid Nanoparticles: Morphological Control, Recyclable Catalysts, and Multicolor Cell Imaging

Abstract

A simple and facile synthetic strategy is developed to prepare a new class of multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) that can integrate a magnetic core with silver nanocrystals embedded in porous carbon shell. The method involves a one-step solvothermal synthesis of Fe₃O₄@C template NPs with Fe₃O₄nanocrystals in the core protected by a porous carbon shell, followed by loading and in situ reduction of silver ions in the carbon shell in water at room temperature. The core–satellite and dumbbell-like nanostructures of the resulted Fe₃O₄@C–Ag hybrid NPs can be readily controlled by loading amount of silver ions. The hybrid NPs can efficiently catalyze the reduction reaction of organic dyes in water. The easy magnetic separation and high stability of the catalytically active silver nanocrystals embedded in the carbon shell enable the hybrid NPs to be recycled for reuse as catalysts. The hybrid NPs can also overcome cellular barriers to enter the intracellular region and light up the mouse melanoma B16F10 cells in multicolor modal, with no cytotoxicity. Such porous carbon protected Fe₃O₄@C–Ag hybrid NPs with controllable nanostructures and a combination of magnetic and noble metallic components have great potential for a broad range of applications in the catalytic industry and biomedical field