Aplikasi Image Thresholding Untuk Segmentasi Objek

Salah satu operasi di dalam analisis citra adalah segmentasi citra, yaitu memisahkan objek dari latar belakangnya atau dari objek lain yang tidak menjadi perhatian. Metode sementasi yang sederhana adalah dengan operasi pengambangan (thresholding). Operasi pengambangan menghasilkan citra biner, yang dalam hal ini objek yang diacu di-set berwarna putih sedangkan latar belakangnya di-set berwarna hitam (atau sebaliknya bergantung kasusnya). Makalah ini mempresentasikan penggunaan operasi pengambangan untuk melakukan segmentasi objek. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan kakas MATLAB. Hasil eksperimen memperlihatkan bahwa pemilihan nilai ambang (threshold) yang tepat sangat menentukan keberhasilan segmentasi

Green Synthesis of Carbon Nanospheres for Enhanced Electrochemical Sensing of Dopamine

The detection of dopamine (DA) has received enormous attention since it is widely recognized as an important neurotransmitter associated with nerve signaling and some diseases. In this work, glucose-derived carbon nanospheres (CNs) are synthesized by the green hydrothermal approach and are served to modify electrodes for the detection of DA. The CNs were successfully synthesized and were investigated in detail by various characterization technologies. The CNs modified glassy carbon electrode (CNs/GCE) exhibits better electrochemical sensing performance with a wide linear range of 0.05–1600 μM and a low limit of 8.3 nM for determination of DA, as compared with the modified electrodes reported previously. The CNs/GCE was successfully applied to detect DA in human serum samples, which makes it promising for a variety of biomedical applications. More importantly, this work shows a novel green and simple strategy for the development of cost-effective and high-performance sensing materials, which provides more opportunities for design of electrochemical sensors with future capabilities of mass production in practical applications

Saikosaponin A Alleviates Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder through Downregulation of DAT and Enhancing BDNF Expression in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats

The disturbed dopamine availability and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression are due in part to be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we investigated the therapeutical effect of saikosaponin a (SSa) isolated from Bupleurum Chinese DC, against spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model of ADHD. Methylphenidate and SSa were orally administered for 3 weeks. Activity was assessed by open-field test and Morris water maze test. Dopamine (DA) and BDNF were determined in specific brain regions. The mRNA or protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT), and vesicles monoamine transporter (VMAT) was also studied. Both MPH and SSa reduced hyperactivity and improved the spatial learning memory deficit in SHRs. An increased DA concentration in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum was also observed after treating with the SSa. The increased DA concentration may partially be attributed to the decreased mRNA and protein expression of DAT in PFC while SSa exhibited no significant effects on the mRNA expression of TH and VMAT in PFC of SHRs. In addition, BDNF expression in SHRs was also increased after treating with SSa or MPH. The obtained result suggested that SSa may be a potential drug for treating ADHD

Coexistence of Logarithmic and SdH Quantum Oscillations in Ferromagnetic Cr-doped Tellurium Single Crystals

We report the synthesis of transition-metal-doped ferromagnetic elemental single-crystal semiconductors with quantum oscillations using the physical vapor transport method. The 7.7 atom% Cr-doped Te crystals (Cr_Te) show ferromagnetism, butterfly-like negative magnetoresistance in the low temperature (< 3.8 K) and low field (< 0.15 T) region, and high Hall mobility, e.g., 1320 cm2 V-1 s-1 at 30 K and 350 cm2 V-1 s-1 at 300 K, implying that Cr_Te crystals are ferromagnetic elemental semiconductors. When B // c // I, the maximum negative MR is -27% at T = 20 K and B = 8 T. In the low temperature semiconducting region, Cr_Te crystals show strong discrete scale invariance dominated logarithmic quantum oscillations when the direction of the magnetic field B is parallel to the [100] crystallographic direction and show Landau quantization dominated Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations for B // [210] direction, which suggests the broken rotation symmetry of the Fermi pockets in the Cr_Te crystals. The findings of coexistence of multiple quantum oscillations and ferromagnetism in such an elemental quantum material may inspire more study of narrow bandgap semiconductors with ferromagnetism and quantum phenomena.Comment: 25 pages, 25 figure

Two Infants With Beta-Ketothiolase Deficiency Identified by Newborn Screening in China

Beta-ketothiolase deficiency (BKTD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a defect of mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase. Beginning in 2014, we carried out newborn screening by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) followed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and identified two infants with BKTD among 203,750 newborns born in Jiangsu Province, China. Both infants showed the characteristic chemical abnormalities of BKTD. We used NGS to confirm variants in the ACAT1. Patient 1 had the compound heterozygous variants c.721dupA and c.928G &gt; C. Patient 2 had compound heterozygosity for the c.238+1G &gt; A and c.1163G &gt; T variants. c.721dupA, c.928G &gt; C and c.1163G &gt; T were suspected to be likely pathogenic, whereas c.238+1G &gt; A was determined to be pathogenic. None of the four variants have been reported in the literature. Patient 1 presented with onset of metabolic acidosis and neonatal hypoglycemia 8 days after birth, whereas patient 2 was detected through neonatal disease screening but had no clinical manifestations. These findings contribute to our understanding of the clinical characteristics and genetic basis of BKTD