"There is no place for sluggards in this game": mobile interactive technologies in teaching Russian as a foreignand native language

Статья посвящена презентации проекта "Лапта: мобильные интерактивные игры с русским образовательным содержанием", выполненного в рамках реализации отдельных мероприятий государственной программы Российской Федерации "Развитие образования"

Inflammatory pathways in the mechanism of parturition

Increasing evidence suggests that parturition is an inflammatory process. In this brief overview, inflammatory events occurring in association with parturition, and the mechanism by which they may contribute to labour and delivery will be discussed. Mention will be made of how this information may be of use in regulating the timing and the onset of parturition

Term labor is associated with a core inflammatory response in human fetal membranes, myometrium, and cervix

OBJECTIVE: Identify overlap of the transcriptome of myometrium and cervix in association with human labor. STUDY DESIGN: The transcriptional profile of myometrial and cervical biopsies obtained from women in spontaneous labor at term (n = 9) and not in labor (n = 9) were characterized by Affymetrix v2 U133 plus 2 arrays. Common canonical pathways and functional groups were identified by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. RESULTS: One hundred ten genes (false discovery rate < 1%) were commonly up-regulated by myometrium and cervix in association with labor and 29 genes (false discovery rate < 1%) down-regulated. Fold change in expression of up-regulated genes was strongly correlated; myometrium vs cervix (r = 0.51; P < .001), with no relationship in down-regulated genes (r = 0.26; P = .16). Canonical pathway analysis established up-regulation of inflammatory pathway signaling, with greatest increases in cellular movement and immune response gene ontology groups. CONCLUSION: Gestational tissues exhibit a core inflammatory response in association with human parturition, with pathways regulating cellular trafficking dominating

The Role of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR-2 and-4) and Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (TREM-1) in Human Term and Preterm Labor

Objective. To define the role of Toll-like receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in pregnant human myometrium. Study Design. Expression of TLR-2 and -4 mRNA and protein and TREM-1 mRNA was quantified in human myometrial samples. Subsequently, we investigated the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) as a functional inhibitor of the TLR agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results. Messenger RNA expression of TLR-2 and -4 was significantly higher in myometrium at term compared with preterm (P = .009 and .016, respectively). Toll-like receptor-2 protein expression was significantly higher during labor (P = .002) compared with nonlaboring samples. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 mRNA expression was increased in both myometrium and cervix after labor at term (P < .05). Medroxyprogesterone acetate significantly suppressed LPS-induced production of interleukin 1b (IL-1b), IL-6, and IL-8 in vitro (P < .05). Conclusion. Toll-like receptors 2and 4 and TREM-1 are expressed in human myometrium and may play a role in the mechanism of labor at term, and their functional effects are inhibited by MPA