Combining Semi-Analytic Models of Galaxy Formation with Simulations of Galaxy Clusters: the Need for AGN Heating

We present hydrodynamical N-body simulations of clusters of galaxies with feedback taken from semi-analytic models of galaxy formation. The advantage of this technique is that the source of feedback in our simulations is a population of galaxies that closely resembles that found in the real universe. We demonstrate that, to achieve the high entropy levels found in clusters, active galactic nuclei must inject a large fraction of their energy into the intergalactic/intracluster media throughout the growth period of the central black hole. These simulations reinforce the argument of Bower et al. (2008), who arrived at the same conclusion on the basis of purely semi-analytic reasoning.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the proceedings of "The Monster's Fiery Breath", Eds. Sebastian Heinz and Eric Wilcots (AIP conference series

The correlated response in health cost accompanying selection for milk yield in Jerseys

Health data were recorded for 567 and 193 cows in selection and control herds, respectively. Health costs were expenses due to drugs, labor, and veterinary charges. Health expenses were grouped into one of six health functions: 1) mammary, 2) locomotion, 3) respiration, 4) reproduction, 5) digestion, and 6) other. Costs were summed across lactation and discounted to birth at rates of 0%, 3%, and 6%. Data were analyzed using a model that included year-season, parity, line, sire (line), and lactation length. Selection cows had significantly (P\u3c.001) higher health costs at all three discount rates. Differences were mainly due to higher (P\u3c.01) mammary costs. Differences between lines for other individual function costs were not significant, but were higher in selection cows. Parity, year-season, and stage of lactation were significant (P\u3c.001) non-genetic sources of variation in health costs. Costs were greater for third and later parities and during the first 30 days of lactation. Results indicate that health costs are likely to increase with selection for milk yield; however, additional revenues from increased yield would offset added costs. Increased management in early lactation and later parities may decrease health expense

Productive Work-Unit Environments: What Are They and Are They Different for Information Systems and Non- Information Systems People?

This study identifies two productive work unit environments, where work unit environment is based on three dimensions: (1) job enrichment, (2) attending to interpersonal relations, involving employees, and positively reinforcing work behavior, and (3) attending to production, providing negative feedback, and targeting work behavior. One productive work unit environment is relatively high on atl three dimensions for both clerical and technical-professional employees. The other productive work unit environment has a mid-range pattern with the third dimension being low relative to other dimensions. The results of both linear and nonlinear analyses indicate that productive work unit environments are not different for IS and non-IS people. These findings are based on a field survey methodology with seven different samples involving 1005 employees from the insurance industry in the midwest U.S

Global temporal patterns in plant nutrient resorption plasticity

Aim Leaf nutrient resorption is a key nutrient conservation trait, which also influences nutrient cycling rates and pools. Most global biogeochemical models assume that resorption is non‐varying at a temporal scale. However, this trait can differ substantially within populations among years. We assessed the commonality of attaining proficient resorption, the factors associated with proficient resorption, as well as the variability of this trait and the factors controlling trait variability

Climate Change Contribution to the Emergence or Re-Emergence of Parasitic Diseases.

The connection between our environment and parasitic diseases may not always be straightforward, but it exists nonetheless. This article highlights how climate as a component of our environment, or more specifically climate change, has the capability to drive parasitic disease incidence and prevalence worldwide. There are both direct and indirect implications of climate change on the scope and distribution of parasitic organisms and their associated vectors and host species. We aim to encompass a large body of literature to demonstrate how a changing climate will perpetuate, or perhaps exacerbate, public health issues and economic stagnation due to parasitic diseases. The diseases examined include those caused by ingested protozoa and soil helminths, malaria, lymphatic filariasis, Chagas disease, human African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, babesiosis, schistosomiasis, and echinococcus, as well as parasites affecting livestock. It is our goal to impress on the scientific community the magnitude a changing climate can have on public health in relation to parasitic disease burden. Once impending climate changes are now upon us, and as we see these events unfold, it is critical to create management plans that will protect the health and quality of life of the people living in the communities that will be significantly affected

Hydraulic and Flow Studies Related to Sediment Transport, Kentucky River, Kentucky

This study related the conditions of flow and channel shape to distribution of sediment types in the Kentucky River. Seven distinct types of sediment association were delineated and these have a regular pattern of distribution influenced by the presence of navigation locks and dams. The most suitable locations for commercial extraction of bed material were clearly indicated and the variations of sand size delineated by the study. The irregular discharge pattern of the stream indicates potential problems in the disposal of solid waste pollutants. A remeasurement of the dredge hole in the Ohio River indicated a continuation of the same vortex scour action and sand deposition analysed in earlier work

An Assessment of Videotape in the Criminal Courts

Summary of Contents I. Introduction A. A brief history of television and videotape in the justice system B. Recent studies of videotape technology in the justice system C. Overview of the goals and methodology of the present study II. The Videotape System A. The recording environment 1. Lighting 2. Spatial arrangement 3. Participant mobility 4. Acoustics 5. Electrical power B. Production techniques 1. Video source location 2. Audio source location 3. Picture composition a. Zooms b. Varying video sources c. Special effects C. Alternative equipment combinations 1. System 1 : the single camera 2. System 2: the single camera with auxiliary components 3. System 3: multiple cameras 4. System 4: multiple cameras with auxiliary components D. Recommended uses of the various videotape systems 1. In-court applications 2. Out-of-court applications a. Lineups b. Confessions c. Sobriety tests d. Out-of-court witness testimony E. Special considerations 1. Handling and storage 2. Video v. human perception III. Psychological and Behavioral Impacts of Videotape A. Study design and methodology 1. Data collection 2. Sampling 3. Survey procedures 4. Data analysis B. Results of the psychological and behavioral impact studies 1. The effects of videotape on witnesses a. Witness discomfort and stress b. Witness decisiveness c. Witness attitudes and willingness to serve as a witness in the future 2. The effects of videotape on legal participants and court- room decorum a. The style of attorney presentation b. Frequency of attorney objections c. Attorney preparation d. Structure and formality of courtroom interaction C. Discussion and general observations IV. Procedural, Administrative, Constitutional, and Financial Considerations of Videotape in the Judicial System A. Procedural considerations B. Administrative considerations C. Constitutional considerations 1. Right to confrontation 2. Right to effective assistance of counsel 3. Right to counsel 4. Privilege against self-incrimination 5. Due process a. Production techniques b. Notice to the defendant D. Financial considerations and recording costs 1. Videotape services by commercial contract 2. In-house videotape system a. Costs of an in-house single-camera system b. Costs of an in-house multicamera system 3. Commercial v. in-house costs V. Recommendations and Conclusions A. Projected long-range effects of videotape in the justice system B. Recommendations C. Conclusion

An Assessment of Videotape in the Criminal Courts

Summary of Contents I. Introduction A. A brief history of television and videotape in the justice system B. Recent studies of videotape technology in the justice system C. Overview of the goals and methodology of the present study II. The Videotape System A. The recording environment 1. Lighting 2. Spatial arrangement 3. Participant mobility 4. Acoustics 5. Electrical power B. Production techniques 1. Video source location 2. Audio source location 3. Picture composition a. Zooms b. Varying video sources c. Special effects C. Alternative equipment combinations 1. System 1 : the single camera 2. System 2: the single camera with auxiliary components 3. System 3: multiple cameras 4. System 4: multiple cameras with auxiliary components D. Recommended uses of the various videotape systems 1. In-court applications 2. Out-of-court applications a. Lineups b. Confessions c. Sobriety tests d. Out-of-court witness testimony E. Special considerations 1. Handling and storage 2. Video v. human perception III. Psychological and Behavioral Impacts of Videotape A. Study design and methodology 1. Data collection 2. Sampling 3. Survey procedures 4. Data analysis B. Results of the psychological and behavioral impact studies 1. The effects of videotape on witnesses a. Witness discomfort and stress b. Witness decisiveness c. Witness attitudes and willingness to serve as a witness in the future 2. The effects of videotape on legal participants and court- room decorum a. The style of attorney presentation b. Frequency of attorney objections c. Attorney preparation d. Structure and formality of courtroom interaction C. Discussion and general observations IV. Procedural, Administrative, Constitutional, and Financial Considerations of Videotape in the Judicial System A. Procedural considerations B. Administrative considerations C. Constitutional considerations 1. Right to confrontation 2. Right to effective assistance of counsel 3. Right to counsel 4. Privilege against self-incrimination 5. Due process a. Production techniques b. Notice to the defendant D. Financial considerations and recording costs 1. Videotape services by commercial contract 2. In-house videotape system a. Costs of an in-house single-camera system b. Costs of an in-house multicamera system 3. Commercial v. in-house costs V. Recommendations and Conclusions A. Projected long-range effects of videotape in the justice system B. Recommendations C. Conclusion