String Junction Model, Cluster Hypothesis, Penta-Quark Baryon and Tetra-Quark Meson

Thirty years ago we proposed string junction model of hadrons and examined structure and reaction of hadrons including exotic ones. Mass $m$ of exotic hadrons of light quarks is roughly given by $m \sim N_J\cdot m_B$, where $N_J$ is the total number of junctions and $m_B \sim 1$ GeV is the ordinary light baryon mass. In this paper we introduce "cluster hypothesis" into the model by which mass of a complex hadron is given by the sum of masses of clusters composing it. The hypothesis guarantees the established picture that mass differences of hadrons of the same string junction structure are due to those of the constituent quarks. A candidate for penta-quark baryon $\Theta$(1530 MeV, $S=+1)$ including a strange anti-quark {\sb} and that for tetra-quark meson $Z^+$(4430 MeV) recently reported by the Bell collaboration are examined in parallel. $\Theta$ is considered to have non-strange partners, which are lighter by the mass difference $\Delta_s$ between strange and non-strange quarks. Mass of such light penta-quark baryons with $N_J=3$ is expected to be about 3 GeV. Several parameters of the model are estimated such as mass of junction of $m_J \sim O(10)$ MeV. While mass of light tetra-quark meson with $N_J=2$ is expected to be about 2 GeV, $Z^+$(4430 MeV) containing (u,c,{\db},{\cb}) gives a clue to determine some parameters of the model, e.g., inter-junction string energy $m_{IJ}$.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, correction is made, extensively revise

Fermion Scattering off CP-Violating Electroweak Bubble Wall

A general prescription to solve the Dirac equation in the presence of CP-violating electroweak bubble wall is presented. The profile of the bubble wall is not specified except that the wall height is $m_0$ and zero deep in the broken- and the symmetric-phase regions, respectively, where $m_0$ is a fermion mass given by the Higgs-vacuum-expectation value and the Yukawa coupling. The CP-violating effects are evaluated by regarding CP-violating part of the bubble wall as a perturbation to CP-conserving solutions. The basic quantity, $R_{R\rightarrow L}-\bar R_{R\rightarrow L}$, which would contribute to the cosmological baryon asymmetry, is estimated for some typical profiles of the wall, where $R_{R\rightarrow L}$($\bar R_{R\rightarrow L}$) is the reflection coefficient of right-handed chiral fermion (anti-fermion).Comment: 30 pages, 2 figures ( uuencoded tar.Z file of PS files is appended ), plain TeX with phyzzx, tables and epsf,SAGA-HE-55--KYUSHU-HET-1

Transitional CP Violation in the MSSM and Electroweak Baryogenesis

Electroweak baryogenesis depends on the profile of the bubble wall created in the first-order phase transition. It is pointed out that CP violation in the Higgs sector of the MSSM could become large enough to explain the baryon asymmetry. We confirm this by solving the equations of motion for the Higgs fields with the effective potential at the transition temperature. That is, we present an example such that the transitional CP violation is realized and show the possibility that the baryon asymmetry of the universe may be produced, if marginally, by the $\tau$ lepton interacting with the wall, when an explicit CP breaking in the Higgs sector, which is consistent with experimental bounds, is induced at the phase transition.Comment: LaTeX2e, 18 pages with 7 eps files of figure

Diabetes mellitus itself increases cardio- cerebrovascular risk and renal complications in primary aldosteronism

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism following peer review. The version of record Aya Saiki, Michio Otsuki, Daisuke Tamada, Tetsuhiro Kitamura, Iichiro Shimomura, Isao Kurihara, Takamasa Ichijo, Yoshiyu Takeda, Takuyuki Katabami, Mika Tsuiki, Norio Wada, Toshihiko Yanase, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Junji Kawashima, Masakatsu Sone, Nobuya Inagaki, Takanobu Yoshimoto, Ryuji Okamoto, Katsutoshi Takahashi, Hiroki Kobayashi, Kouichi Tamura, Kohei Kamemura, Koichi Yamamoto, Shoichiro Izawa, Miki Kakutani, Masanobu Yamada, Akiyo Tanabe, Mitsuhide Naruse, Diabetes Mellitus Itself Increases Cardio-Cerebrovascular Risk and Renal Complications in Primary Aldosteronism, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 105, Issue 7, July 2020, Pages e2531–e2537 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa177

Potential Contribution of Phenotypically Modulated Smooth Muscle Cells and Related Inflammation in the Development of Experimental Obstructive Pulmonary Vasculopathy in Rats

application/pdfWe tested the hypothesis that phenotypically modulated smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and related inflammation are associated with the progression of experimental occlusive pulmonary vascular disease (PVD). Occlusive PVD was induced by combined exposure to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sugen 5416 and hypobaric hypoxia for 3 weeks in rats, which were then returned to ambient air. Hemodynamic, morphometric, and immunohistochemical studies, as well as gene expression analyses, were performed at 3, 5, 8, and 13 weeks after the initial treatment (n = 78). Experimental animals developed pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy, and exhibited a progressive increase in indices of PVD, including cellular intimal thickening and intimal fibrosis. Cellular intimal lesions comprised α smooth muscle actin (α SMA)+, SM1+, SM2+/-, vimentin+ immature SMCs that were covered by endothelial monolayers, while fibrous intimal lesions typically included α SMA+, SM1+, SM2+, vimentin+/- mature SMCs. Plexiform lesions comprised α SMA+, vimentin+, SM1-, SM2- myofibroblasts covered by endothelial monolayers. Immature SMC-rich intimal and plexiform lesions were proliferative and were infiltrated by macrophages, while fibrous intimal lesions were characterized by lower proliferative abilities and were infiltrated by few macrophages. Compared with controls, the number of perivascular macrophages was already higher at 3 weeks and progressively increased during the experimental period; gene expression of pulmonary hypertension-related inflammatory molecules, including IL6, MCP1, MMP9, cathepsin-S, and RANTES, was persistently or progressively up-regulated in lungs of experimental animals. We concluded that phenotypically modulated SMCs and related inflammation are potentially associated with the progression of experimental obstructive PVD.本文/Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan75

Potential Contribution of Phenotypically Modulated Smooth Muscle Cells and Related Inflammation in the Development of Experimental Obstructive Pulmonary Vasculopathy in Rats

application/pdf内容の要旨・審査結果の要旨 / 三重大学大学院医学系研究科 生命医科学専攻病態解明医学講座 小児発達医学分