Evaluation Methods for the Measurement of Lower Leg Edema in Healthy Young Adults

Background: In recent years, objective quantitative evaluations have become particularly important. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations are also available for edema. It is thought that the technical problem of quantitative evaluation can be solved by using a simple and reproducible method. Several studies have evaluated various methods for measuring edema. Limitations, such as weaknesses, measurement complexity, and errors, have been identified. Therefore, this study aimed to consider a simple and effective measurement method for the quantitative evaluation of edema. Methods: This study was a prospective, observational study. The subjects were 15 healthy adults (2 male and 13 female). Measurements were performed on the subjects’ right lower leg once in the morning and once in the afternoon, with a minimum interval of 4 hours. Results: The actual volume of the lower leg was correlated with all indices except the ultrasonic echo findings for subcutaneous tissue. The intra-subject and inter-subject reliabilities for the indices using digital images were very high. The lower leg volume was greater significantly in the afternoon from the morning. Conclusion: The leg circumference was measured by utilizing a tape, while the width and volume were measured by utilizing digital imaging suitable for quantitatively evaluating edema. Furthermore, swelling of the lower leg with time can occur in the absence of daily exercise

複数異種移植マウスモデルにおけるPentagamavunone-1の膵臓癌に対する単剤および併用療法としての前臨床評価

We previously reported that pentagamavunone-1 (PGV-1) effectively inhibited cell proliferation in many types of human tumors, including pancreatic cancer, by inducing M phase (prometaphase) arrest, senescence, and apoptosis with few side effects. However, a detailed evaluation of the effects of PGV-1 on pancreatic cancer cells in an in vivo setting has not yet been conducted. The present study investigated the potential efficacy of PGV-1 as both monotherapy and combination therapy for pancreatic cancer using multiple xenograft mouse assays. A cell-line derived xenograft model (CDX-M) with pancreatic cancer cell line and a patient-derived xenograft mouse model (PDX-M) using resected pancreatic cancer samples without neoadjuvant chemotherapy were established in both heterotopic and orthotopic manners. PGV-1 effectively suppressed tumor formation at the heterotopic and orthotopic sites in CDX-M than in untreated mice. Combination therapy with PGV-1 and gemcitabine more effectively suppressed tumor formation than monotherapy with PGV-1 or gemcitabine when administered after tumor formation. Monotherapy with PGV-1 or gemcitabine less effectively suppressed tumor formation in PDX-M than in CDX-M, whereas combination therapy with PGV-1 and gemcitabine more effectively suppressed tumor formation. PGV-1 as monotherapy and combination therapy with gemcitabine effectively inhibited tumor formation and has potential as an anticancer candidate for pancreatic cancer.権利情報：© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

A protocol for a qualitative synthesis of research of technology-mediated task-based language teaching in Japan

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Relationship between the dose titration and adherence of mirogabalin in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain depending on renal function: a nationwide electronic medical record database study

[Background] Mirogabalin has been attracting attention for treating peripheral neuropathic pain. The package insert recommends that mirogabalin should be titrated depending on renal function. Here, we investigated the relationship between dose titration patterns and adherence, and persistence of mirogabalin treatment. [Research design and methods] Peripheral neuropathic pain patients who initiated mirogabalin between March 2020 and May 2021 were identified using an electronic medical record database. The dose titration pattern was described according to degrees of renal function. Regression analyses were performed to compare adherence and persistence between the patients with and without titration. [Results] Of the 4, 138 identified patients, 1, 696 (41.0%) titrated the dose within 45 days and were more adherent than those without titration (Adjusted odds ratio: 1.75, 95% CI 1.21, 2.54). Of the total 952 patients with renal function parameters, 229 (24.1%) titrated to the effective dose within 45 days and were less likely to discontinue than those without titration (Adjusted hazard ratio: 0.57, 95% CI 0.40, 0.81). [Conclusion] Mirogabalin dose titration was associated with better adherence and persistence. It is important for mirogabalin treatment to determine the initial prescription dose based on renal function and subsequent dose titration according to the package insert. [Trial registration] UMIN00004731

Separation Between Silicon and Aluminum Powders Contained Within Pulverized Scraped Silicon-Based Waste Solar Cells by Flotation Method

There are few study examples on the separation of metals by floating method. In this study, separation of silicon and aluminum, which are the main components of silicon-based solar cell module, was carried out by floating method in order to purify silicon from waste solar cell module. The selection of surfactant, control of electric charge, wettability of the solid particles, surface tensions, and bubble surface area are important for separation of solids by floating method. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) can increase the hydrophobicity of aluminum powder due to the difference of surface potentials between silicon and aluminum. SDS behaves as a collector of aluminum as well as a frothing agent to decrease the bubble size. At a SDS concentration of 2 g/L and sample dipping time of 10 min, 80.1 mass% of aluminum was floated and separated, and the sedimentary silicon reached a purity of 90.7% from a mixture of 50 mass% aluminum and 50 mass% silicon. Finally, at a pH value of 7.0, SDS concentration between 1.0 and 2.5 g/L and air flow rate of 2.5 L/min (STP) were suitable experimental conditions to purify silicon from a mixture of silicon and aluminum by flotation separation method

HIP KINEMATICS AND MUSCLE ACTIVITY DURING INSIDE SOCCER KICK IN PLAYERS WITH A HISTORY OF GROIN PAIN

The purpose of this study was to clarify the kinematic characteristics of groin pain (GP). In addition, we investigated the correlations between the kinematics of inside soccer kick movement and muscle activities in the lower extremities. Twenty-four male soccer players (control group, 13; GP group, I1 ) were instructed to perform maximum inside kick. Our results showed that the adductor muscle activity was maintained from the back swing to the leg acceleration phase in the in GP group but was decreased from the peak value at the back swing to the leg acceleration phase in the control group. In the leg acceleration phase, the adductor muscle activity was significantly higher in the GP group than in the control group. The GP group showed faster adduction/abduction velocity of the kicking leg in all kicking phases than the control group

Near-Infrared Extinction in The Coalsack Globule 2

We have conducted J, H, and Ks imaging observations for the Coalsack Globule 2 with the SIRIUS infrared camera on the IRSF 1.4 m telescope at SAAO, and determined the color excess ratio, E(J-H)/E(H-Ks). The ratio is determined in the same photometric system as our previous study for the rho Oph and Cha clouds without any color transformation; this enables us to directly compare the near-infrared extinction laws among these regions. The current ratio E(J-H)/E(H-Ks) = 1.91 +- 0.01 for the extinction range 0.5 < E(J-H) <1.8 is significantly larger than the ratios for the rho Oph and Cha clouds (E(J-H)/E(H-Ks) = 1.60-1.69). This ratio corresponds to a large negative index alpha = 2.34 +- 0.01 when the wavelength dependence of extinction is approximated by a power law which might indicate little growth of dust grains, or larger abundance of dielectric non-absorbing components such as silicates, or both in this cloud. We also confirm that the color excess ratio for the Coalsack Globule 2 has a trend of increasing with decreasing optical depth, which is the same trend as the rho Oph and Cha clouds have.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, and 2 tables, Ap