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    Π‘Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ транслокация ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°: микробиологичСскиС, иммунологичСскиС ΠΈ патофизиологичСскиС аспСкты

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    Bacterial translocation (BT) is both pathology and physiology phenomenon. In healthy newborns it accompanies the process of establishing the autochthonous intestinal microbiota and the host microbiome. In immunodeficiency it can be an aethio-pathogenetic link and a manifestation of infection or septic complications. The host colonization resistance to exogenous microbic colonizers is provided by gastrointestinal microbiota in concert with complex constitutional and adaptive defense mechanisms. BT may be result of barrier dysfunction and self-purification mechanisms involving the host myeloid cell phagocytic system and opsonins. Dynamic cell humoral response to microbial molecular patterns that occurs on the mucous membranes initiates receptor signaling pathways and cascade of reactions. Their vector and results are largely determined by cross-reactivity between microbiome and the host genome. Enterocyte barriers interacting with microbiota play leading role in providing adaptive, homeostatic and stress host reactivity. Microcirculatory ischemic tissue alterations and inflammatory reactions increase the intestinal barrier permeability and BT. These processes a well as mechanisms for apoptotic cells and bacteria clearance are justified to be of prospective research interest. The inflammatory and related diseases caused by alteration and dysfunction of the intestinal barrier are reasonably considered as diseases of single origin. Maternal microbiota affects the formation of the innate immune system and the microbiota of the newborn, including intestinal commensal translocation during lactation. Deeper understanding of intestinal barrier mechanisms needs complex microbiological, immunological, pathophysiological, etc. investigations using adequate biomodels, including gnotobiotic animals.Π‘Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ транслокация (Π‘Π’) ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° прСдставляСт патологичСскоС ΠΈ физиологичСскоС явлСниС. Π‘Π’ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² процСссС установлСния Π°ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ…Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ° хозяина ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ взаимодСйствии с коммСнсалами, сопровоТдая СстСствСнный ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ…), прСдставляя этиопатогСнСтичСскоС Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса ΠΈ сСптичСских ослоТнСний. Π­Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ взаимодСйствия хозяина ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹, Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ направлСнности, обусловлСны ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ свойствами ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ противостоящими ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎ-Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ хозяина. ΠšΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ хозяина, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ с экзогСнной ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ, обСспСчиваСтся комплСксом ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² с Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ участиСм коммСнсальной ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π‘T Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ дисфунции Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² контролируСтся ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ самоочищСния с Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π³ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΠΈ опсонинов. Π’ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ Π½Π° слизистых ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΎΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ рСакция Π½Π° молСкулярныС ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ каскадныС Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ пСрСкрСстным взаимодСйствиСм Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ° хозяина. РассмотрСна ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° энтСроцитарных Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… с ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ (симбионты ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ‹), Π² обСспСчСнии Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-гомСостатичСской рСактивности хозяина. ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ исслСдования микроциркуляторного Π·Π²Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅ ΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ воспалСния, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ†Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ Π‘Π’, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² очищСния ΠΎΡ‚ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ апоптотичСских ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ. Π’ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ заболСвания, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΡŽ связанныС с Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, обоснованно ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ болСзнями ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π°. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π° влияСт Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π‘Π’ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… коммСнсалов с Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ комплСксныС микробиологичСскиС, иммунологичСскиС, патофизиологичСскиС ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ исслСдования с использованиСм Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π³Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²

    Π ΠΠ—Π ΠΠ‘ΠžΠ’ΠšΠ Π”Π˜ΠΠ“ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠžΠ™ Π’Π•Π‘Π’-Π‘Π˜Π‘Π’Π•ΠœΠ« Π”Π›Π― РАННЕЙ ΠΠ•Π˜ΠΠ’ΠΠ—Π˜Π’ΠΠžΠ™ Π”Π˜ΠΠ“ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π˜ΠšΠ˜ РАКА ПРОБВАВЫ, ΠžΠ‘ΠΠžΠ’ΠΠΠΠžΠ™ НА ΠšΠžΠ›Π˜Π§Π•Π‘Π’Π’Π•ΠΠΠžΠ™ Π”Π•Π’Π•ΠšΠ¦Π˜Π˜ МРНК ГЕНА PCA3 Π’ ΠžΠ‘ΠΠ”ΠšΠ• МОЧИ ΠœΠ•Π’ΠžΠ”ΠžΠœ ОВ-ПЦР Π’ Π Π•Π–Π˜ΠœΠ• Π Π•ΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠžΠ“Πž Π’Π Π•ΠœΠ•ΠΠ˜

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    The wide introduction of prostatic specific antigen (PSA) determination into clinical practice has resulted in a larger number of prostate biopsies, while the lower age threshold for PSA has led to a larger number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. Hence, there is a need for new biomarkers that can detect prostate cancer. Π CА3 is a noncoding messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that is expressed exclusively in prostate cells.Β  The aim of the study Β has been to develop a diagnostic test system for early non-invasive detection of prostateΒ cancer based on PCA3 mRNA levels in urine sediment using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). As part of the study, a laboratory diagnostic test system prototype has been designed, an application methodology has been developed and specificity and sensitivity data of the method has been assessed. The diagnostic system has demonstrated its ability to detect significantly elevated levels of PCAΒ 3/Β KLKΒ 3 in samples from prostate cancer (PCa) patients compared with those from healthy men. The findings have shown relatively high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and negative-predictive values for an early non-invasive screening of prostate cancerΠ¨ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ опрСдСлСния содСрТания простатичСского спСцифичСского Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π° (ПБА) ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ числа выполняСмых биопсий простаты, Π° сниТСниС ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π° возрастных Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ ПБА β€” ΠΊ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ числа Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… биопсий. Π’ связи с этим Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹. РБА3 β€” Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ мРНК, которая экспрСссируСтся ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹. ЦСлью Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ тСст-систСму для Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ диагностики Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° простаты, основанной Π½Π° количСствСнной Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ мРНК Π³Π΅Π½Π° РБА3 Π² осадкС ΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (ПЦР) Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ сопряТСнной с ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ транскрипциСй (ОВ). Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» создан Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅Ρ† диагностичСской ПЦР-тСст-систСмы ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΅Π³ΠΎ примСнСния. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ спСцифичности ΠΈ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Показана ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ диагностичСской систСмы Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° PCA3/KLK3 Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ простаты, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ². Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований установлСны достаточно высокиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ диагностичСской Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, спСцифичности ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ цСнности для Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ скринингово обнаруТСния Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹.Β 

    Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ разнообразия Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Bifidobacterium ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° MALDI-TOF масс-спСктромСтрии

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    Background: The members of genus Bifidobacterium represent a significant part of intestinal microbiota in adults and predominate in infants. Species repertoire of the intestinal bifidobacteria is known to be subjected to major changes with age; however, many details of this process are still to be elucidated.Objective: Our aim was to study the diversity of intestinal bifidobacteria and changes of their qualitative and quantitative composition characteristics during the process of growing up using MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometric analysis of pure bacterial cultures.Methods: A cross-sectional study of bifidobacteria in the intestinal microbiota was performed in 93 healthy people of the ages from 1 month to 57 years. Strains were identified using Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS, the confirmation was performed by 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing.Results: 93% of isolated bifidobacterial strains were successfully identified using MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry. At least two of the strains from each species were additionally identified by 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing, in all of the cases the results were the same. It was shown that the total concentration of bifidobacteria decreases with age (p 0.001) as well as the frequency of isolation of Bifidobacterium bifidum (p =0.020) and Bifidobacterium breve (p 0.001), and the frequency of isolation of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, increases (p 0.001), representing the continuous process of transformation of microbiota.Conclusion: The method of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry demonstrated the ability to perform rapid and reliable identification of bifidobacteria that allowed the study of changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human microbiota in the process of growing up.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Bifidobacterium ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° взрослых людСй ΠΈ числСнно Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΌΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†Π΅Π². Π˜Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ состав ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ подвСргаСтся ΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ измСнСниям с возрастом, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈ этого процСсса ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ нСясными.ЦСль исслСдования: ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ измСнСния ΠΈΡ… качСствСнного ΠΈ количСствСнного состава Π² процСссС взрослСния Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ MALDI-TOF масс-спСктромСтричСского Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΉ чистых ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: кросс-сСкционноС исслСдованиС разнообразия Π±ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Π² составС Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρƒ 93 Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ Π² возрастС ΠΎΡ‚ 1 мСс Π΄ΠΎ 57 Π»Π΅Ρ‚. ΠžΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅- Π½ΠΈΠ΅ чистых ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ€Π΅ Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Daltonics, ГСрмания), ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ с использованиСм сСквСнирования Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π³Π΅Π½Π° 16S Ρ€Π ΠΠš.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ MALDI-TOF масс-спСктромСтрии Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 93% Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ. ΠœΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ 2 прСдставитСля ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ сСквСнирования Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π³Π΅Π½Π° 16SΡ€Π ΠΠš; Π²ΠΎ всСх случаях Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² совпали. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ с возрастом происходит сниТСниС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ (p 0,001), ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Bifidobacterium bifidum (p =0,020) ΠΈ Bifidobacterium breve (p 0,001), Π° Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° Bifidobacterium adolescentis увСличиваСтся (p 0,001), отраТая постСпСнныС процСссы пСрСстройки ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ MALDI-TOF масс-спСктромСтрии ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ быстрой ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ, позволившСй провСсти исслСдованиС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ количСствСнных ΠΈ качСствСнных ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π² процСссС взрослСни

    CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PARIETAL MICROFLORA IN CHILDREN WITH NON-SPECIFIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS

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    One of the key factors driving the development of non-specific ulcerative colitis (NSUC) is the intestinal microflora. The dominant composition of the parietal microflora was studied (Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium leptum, Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, ΠΈ Atopobium) in children with non-specific ulcerative colitis (NSUC) using the polymerase chain reaction method in real time. It was shown that it was characteristic of children with NSUC to have increased bacterial density of C. coccoides and Lactobacillus, combined with somewhat reduced Bifidobacterium, B. fragilis and Prevotella. Population levels of individual parietal microflora components (Bacteroides fragilis, Lactobacillus, Clostridium leptum, Clostridium coccoides, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium) vary depending on prevalence, severity and intensity of pathological process in the case of NSUC. Key words: inflammatory intestinal diseases, non-specific ulcerative colitis, parietal intestinal microflora, polymerase chain reaction, children. (Pediatric Pharmacology. – 2010; 7(5):71-76

    FEATURES OF MICROFLORA FORMATION IN YOUNG CHILDREN AND ITS CORRECTION WITH PROBIOTICS

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    The article covers the problem of current importance concerning the child bowel biocenosis species composition in different age periods of a child life. Numerous studies indicate that the species composition of the intestinal microflora is being formed during a long time. It is different in children depending on their age and is characterized by the high levels of not only the anaerobic microflora, but also allochthonous bacteria. It is known that the maturation of the immune system occurs during the newborn contacts with the bacterial and food agents, including bacteria of the normal intestinal flora, have immunomodulatory properties. Considering literature data and results of their own research, the authors provide recommendations for the optimizing use of probiotic preparations.Key words: intestinal microflora, probiotic strains, children

    FEATURES OF MICROFLORA FORMATION IN YOUNG CHILDREN AND ITS CORRECTION WITH PROBIOTICS

    No full text
    The article covers the problem of current importance concerning the child bowel biocenosis species composition in different age periods of a child life. Numerous studies indicate that the species composition of the intestinal microflora is being formed during a long time. It is different in children depending on their age and is characterized by the high levels of not only the anaerobic microflora, but also allochthonous bacteria. It is known that the maturation of the immune system occurs during the newborn contacts with the bacterial and food agents, including bacteria of the normal intestinal flora, have immunomodulatory properties. Considering literature data and results of their own research, the authors provide recommendations for the optimizing use of probiotic preparations.Key words: intestinal microflora, probiotic strains, children

    Prevotella rara sp. nov., isolated from human faeces

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    A strain of obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative rods was isolated from human faeces and characterized both phenotypically and genotypically. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences revealed the strain to represent a member of the genus Prevotella, distant from the species with validly published names, with the closest relationship to Prevotella oryzae. The strain was moderately saccharolytic and proteolytic. The predominant menaquinones were MK-13 and MK-12. The major cellular long-chain fatty acids were anteiso-C15β€Š:β€Š0 and iso-C15β€Š:β€Š0. The genomic DNA G+C content was 45.7 mol%. On the basis of chemotaxonomic and genotypic properties, it was concluded that the strain represent a novel species within the genus Prevotella, for which the name Prevotellarara sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Prevotellarara is 109T (=VKM B-2992T=DSM 105141T)

    ΠšΠ›Π˜ΠΠ˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠžΠ• Π—ΠΠΠ§Π•ΠΠ˜Π• ΠŸΠ Π˜Π‘Π’Π•ΠΠžΠ§ΠΠžΠ™ ΠœΠ˜ΠšΠ ΠžΠ€Π›ΠžΠ Π« Π£ Π”Π•Π’Π•Π™ Π‘ ΠΠ•Π‘ΠŸΠ•Π¦Π˜Π€Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠ˜Πœ Π―Π—Π’Π•ΠΠΠ«Πœ ΠšΠžΠ›Π˜Π’ΠžΠœ

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    One of the key factors driving the development of non-specific ulcerative colitis (NSUC) is the intestinal microflora. The dominant composition of the parietal microflora was studied (Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium leptum, Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, ΠΈ Atopobium) in children with non-specific ulcerative colitis (NSUC) using the polymerase chain reaction method in real time. It was shown that it was characteristic of children with NSUC to have increased bacterial density of C. coccoides and Lactobacillus, combined with somewhat reduced Bifidobacterium, B. fragilis and Prevotella. Population levels of individual parietal microflora components (Bacteroides fragilis, Lactobacillus, Clostridium leptum, Clostridium coccoides, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium) vary depending on prevalence, severity and intensity of pathological process in the case of NSUC. Key words: inflammatory intestinal diseases, non-specific ulcerative colitis, parietal intestinal microflora, polymerase chain reaction, children. (Pediatric Pharmacology. – 2010; 7(5):71-76)Одним ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нСспСцифичСского язвСнного ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π° (НЯК), являСтся ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π‘Ρ‹Π» исслСдован Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ состав пристСночной ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ (Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium leptum, Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, ΠΈ Atopobium) Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ с нСспСцифичСским язвСнным ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ (НЯК) ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ с НЯК Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ плотности C. coccoides ΠΈ Lactobacillus ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ сниТСнии Bifidobacterium, B. fragilis ΠΈ Prevotella. ΠŸΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… прСдставитСлСй пристСночной ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ (B. fragilis, Lactobacillus, C. leptum, C. coccoides, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium) ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ распространСнности, тяТСсти ΠΈ активности патологичСского процСсса ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ НЯК. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова: Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ заболСвания ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, нСспСцифичСский язвСнный ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚, пристСночная ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π»ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, полимСразная цСпная рСакция, Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ. (ΠŸΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ фармакология. – 2010; 7(5): 71-76
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