Proteger a los solicitantes de asilo en las corrientes mixtas: las lecciones de Bulgaria

Cuando se da un gran número de llegadas, los Estados podrían introducir medidas generalizadas destinadas a prevenir la migración irregular que podrían restringir los derechos de los solicitantes de asilo

The Impact of European Union Asylum Policy on Domestic Asylum Policy in Germany and Britain: 1990-2007

Over the past two decades, the European Union has taken important steps towards the establishment of a common European asylum policy. The question of the impact of this cooperation on domestic asylum policy has so far received surprisingly little attention. Most explanations have focused on how an agreement on restrictive policies was achieved at EU level, and assumed a relatively unproblematic implementation of these measures domestically. More recently, some scholars have contested these explanations by emphasizing the rights-enhancing effects of recent EU asylum policy legislation. This thesis argues that rather than focusing on the question of whether EU cooperation increases or decreases domestic asylum policy standards, we should focus on explaining how EU asylum policy affects domestic asylum policy. The question can only be addressed satisfactorily if the inter-related processes of arriving at these policies at EU level and implementing them domestically are taken into account. The theoretical account proposed here conceives of preferences as the crucial variable connecting the processes of uploading and downloading. The main argument of this thesis is that governments try to project their policy preferences which reflect their desire to change or retain domestic status quo and to download policies in accordance with these preferences. At the EU level, governments seek to upload or support policies in line with their domestically-shaped preferences and oppose those which contradict them or at least seek flexibility allowing them to maintain existing policies. At the national level, states download EU policy selectively, in line with their domestically-shaped preferences, leading to over-implementing, under-implementing or not implementing certain provisions. In addition, the thesis locates the sources of these preferences on asylum policy in public opinion, party ideology, and the number of asylum seekers. The dissertation shows that issue salience in the media and among the general public affects the relationship between these variables. Depending on the political-institutional context, the factors identify above interact with each other, resulting in differential impact of EU asylum policy on domestic policy. The thesis distinguishes between simple and compound polities, and shows how they differ in their responsiveness to the variables identified above, in the frequency and stability of reforms, and in the way they use the EU to facilitate domestic change. It also demonstrates that in compound polities preferences are mostly influenced by party ideology while in simple ones they are more likely to reflect public opinion. In order to trace the impact of EU cooperation in asylum policy on domestic policy, this dissertation employs process tracing and a three-step analytical framework which encompasses preference formation, EU-level negotiations and implementation. Such framework allows us to answer the question of the impact of EU asylum policy on national ones without under- or overstating the role of the EU. The dissertation applies this framework to study all major EU asylum policy agreements adopted between 1990 and the completion of the first phase of the Common European Asylum System in 2007, and their impact in Germany and Britain

Protecting asylum seekers in mixed flows: lessons from Bulgaria

In the context of a large number of arrivals, states may introduce blanket measures aimed at preventing irregular migration. These, however, may curtail the rights of asylum seekers

Proteger a los solicitantes de asilo en las corrientes mixtas: las lecciones de Bulgaria

Cuando se da un gran número de llegadas, los Estados podrían introducir medidas generalizadas destinadas a prevenir la migración irregular que podrían restringir los derechos de los solicitantes de asilo

The communitarization of asylum and immigration policy at Amsterdam : a liberal intergovernmentalist account

This study addresses the question of how successfully the liberal intergovernmentalist theory of European integration explains the communitarization of the European Union’s asylum and immigration policy negotiated during the Amsterdam Intergovernmental Conference (IGC). It adapts the theory to the areas of asylum and immigration policy and investigates its explanatory power concerning the state preferences of Germany, the United Kingdom and France, and the outcomes of the Amsterdam IGC. The study shows that Liberal Intergovernmentalism can provide a plausible account of the changes in the analyzed policy areas, but needs to expand its base to include the demands of the general public. When domestic demands are weak and losers and winners are not easily discerned, ideas may provide a more complete account of institutional choices