Evalution of normal CSF velocities at the level of aqueduct amongst Indian rural adults using 1.5 Tesla MRI

Rapid advances in imaging techniques have remarkably improved the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) being the most recent. New MRI applications are continually being developed, providing improved assessment of CNS disorders and their response to treatment, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) movement, the alteration of which results in many clinical disorders with hydrocephalus (including normal pressure hydrocephalus), cystic CSF collections, and Chiari malformations being more common. CSF flow MRI can be used to discriminate between several disorders and provide information in the pre and postoperative evaluation of clinical disorders and surgical intervention. The aim of the study is to calculate and evaluate CSF flow velocities at the level of the aqueduct. MRI brain with CSF flow study was done in 40 patients. These patients were in the age group of 20-60 years and came with no significant clinical complaints. Phase contrast MRI scanning was used following the CSF quantitative flow protocol. A transverse single slice quantitative flow measurement was used to calculate the mean CSF flow velocity. Calculation of the CSF flow at the level of the cerebral aqueduct provides the best quantification of the CSF volume. It concluded that the normal range of the values of the CSF in normal individuals comes out to be 0.05 ±0.12 cm/sec

Evalution of normal CSF velocities at the level of aqueduct amongst Indian rural adults using 1.5 Tesla MRI

Rapid advances in imaging techniques have remarkably improved the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) being the most recent. New MRI applications are continually being developed, providing improved assessment of CNS disorders and their response to treatment, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) movement, the alteration of which results in many clinical disorders with hydrocephalus (including normal pressure hydrocephalus), cystic CSF collections, and Chiari malformations being more common. CSF flow MRI can be used to discriminate between several disorders and provide information in the pre and postoperative evaluation of clinical disorders and surgical intervention. The aim of the study is to calculate and evaluate CSF flow velocities at the level of the aqueduct. MRI brain with CSF flow study was done in 40 patients. These patients were in the age group of 20-60 years and came with no significant clinical complaints. Phase contrast MRI scanning was used following the CSF quantitative flow protocol. A transverse single slice quantitative flow measurement was used to calculate the mean CSF flow velocity. Calculation of the CSF flow at the level of the cerebral aqueduct provides the best quantification of the CSF volume. It concluded that the normal range of the values of the CSF in normal individuals comes out to be 0.05 ±0.12 cm/sec

Removal of hazardous dye Ponceau-S by using chitin: An organic bioadsorbent

There are numbers of applications of chitin for the removal of basic dyes and other colored organics from industrial effluents. In present research article there is focus on the preparation of bioadsorbent chitin and its application for the removal Ponceau-S dye from the aqueous solution by using chitin as an organic bioadsorbent. Chitin was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Different parameters have been studied such as initial dye concentration, pH, contact time and adsorbent dose etc. In experimental study it is seen that the higher percent removal of Ponceau-S dye at optimum pH 3.5. Kinetics and equilibrium studies were also carried out by using the chitin which fit for Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm and kinetic study follows second order mechanism.Key words: Chitin, Ponceau-S, organic bioadsorbent, colored organic, industrial effluents

Study of antepartum hemorrhage and its maternal and perinatal outcome at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Antepartum haemorrhages are defined as bleeding from or into the genital tract after the period of viability untill delivery of the fetus. APH complicates 3-5% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of perinatal and maternal mortality worldwide. Objective of this study is to quantitate maternal morbidity, mortality and perinatal outcome in patients with APH at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Smt. Kashibai Navale medical college and general hospital, Pune. Patient information was obtained from the delivery records of 2018, 2019 and 2020. Patients presenting after the gestational age of 28 weeks with antepartum haemorrhage were included in the study.Results: Out of 100 cases of APH, abruptio placenta contributes to 60%, placenta previa to 37% and 3 cases were due to unknown cause. Overall maternal mortality was 3% and perinatal mortality was 23% in abruptio placentas compared to 13% in cases with placenta previa. Main cause of perinatal mortality was prematurity69%.Conclusions: Antepartum haemorrhage is one of the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. These cases should be deliverd at a centre with transfusion facility, NICU facility and by the obstetrician skilled in controlling intraoperative haemorrhage by stepwise devascularising sutures. Timely decision of uterine tamponade can also save few ceaserean hysterectomies

A cross-sectional study of fertile period awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practice in infertile couples seeking fertility assistance

Background: Infertility is one of the most distressful condition for a couple. Medical interventions may exacerbate anxiety, depression, stress, loss of self-esteem, guilt and grief in these couples. But many studies indicate that most cases of infertility can be attributed to a physiological cause in the man or woman. Previous research has suggested that poor fertility period awareness may be a contributing cause of infertility among couples seeking assistance at infertility clinics. The actual practices and attitudes towards fertility-awareness in this particular group of patients are unknown and need to be explored. The aim of the present study was to report the study of fertile period awareness and their knowledge, attitude and practice in the infertile couples seeking fertility assistanceMethods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months from June to December 2017 in the couples attending the infertility clinic at Smt Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune.Results: Total 246 of 280 distributed questionnaires were completed (response rate =87.8%). Out of these 60% (n=147) believed they had timed intercourse within the fertile window of the menstrual cycle in their attempts at conception, but surprisingly only 36%(n=52) could accurately identify this window. In this study 23% (n=56) participants had already taken prior treatment but still 50% were ignorant about fertile window. It was shocking that among 246 only 15% (n=38) couples were actually practising fertile period due to some reasons and most of them did not know or rely upon the concept of fertile period. Almost 94% of them believed that they should receive fertility-awareness education when they first report trouble in conceiving to their doctor.Conclusions: Most couples seeking assistance at infertility clinics were unaware of the fertile window of the menstrual cycle and only few could accurately identify this window, suggesting that poor fertility awareness may be a contributing cause of infertility

Synthesis and Application of Magnetic Nanoadsorbent in Removal of Toxic Metals from Aqueous Solution

Magnetic nano adsorbent is cost-effective and easily synthesized in the laboratory by chemical Co-precipitation method that provides not only high adsorption capacity but also rapid adsorption rate. The magnetic nano adsorbents were synthesized by Ferric and Ferrous ions precursor solution in the presence of ammonium hydroxide. In the present investigation, a magnetic nano adsorbent has been employed for the removal of Pb (II) from an aqueous solution by batch adsorption technique along with photocatalysis. The different parametric study also carried out such as initial concentration of Pb (II), adsorbent dose, contact time, and Solution pH. The Pb (II) was fast adsorption and the equilibrium was achieved within 45 minutes. The amount Pb (II) adsorbed increases as the temperature increase. The optimal pH for Pb (II) was around 5.4 and for the removal of Pb (II) ions was up to 96.00%. The employed adsorbents were characterized by SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vibrating spinning magnetometer (VSM), and FTIR. The Kinetic of adsorption study was examined for the pseudo-first-order model and pseudo-second-order models. This Photocatalytic adsorption study obeys Pseudo second-order kinetic. The reusability and regeneration of magnetic nano adsorbents were studied and were recycled up to 87.00 %

Integrated Environmental Management of Suitable Resource for Cost Optimization of V-iMEET Campus.

Watershed management & rainwater harvesting plays a vital role in reducing soil erosion & water conservation. Several districts in coastal Maharashtra face the perennial problem of water storage despite of getting heavy rains during the monsoons lack of water is particularly acute problem during the months after the monsoon seasons. This study aims to cater the water scarcity by implementing watershed management & rainwater harvesting systems, to model & analyze watershed & Rainwater harvesting project in our college area to fulfill water requirement

Concept of environmental pollution and its management in Ayurveda

In current era environmental pollution is a major treat and is one of the greatest problems that the whole world is facing. The term pollution is presence of offensive matter in environment. This offensive matter is nothing but the presence of various pollutants in the surrounding environment. It involves five basic types of pollution air, water, soil, noise, light. Pollutants are components of pollution; they may be either foreign substances or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollutants are a waste matter that pollutes soil, water and air. The harmful chemicals became an integral part of our life. The harmful chemical causes damages to our body as well as our environment.  As it has a negative effect on natural elements this Pollution must be taken seriously. Through maintenance of Dincharaya, Rutucharya, Sadvritta, person’s physical and mental health is secured

Can oral iron tablets be replaced by the intravenous iron sucrose in antenatal period? A new thought.

Background: Anaemia is the commonest medical disorder that contributes significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality, preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to anaemia because they have dual iron requirements both for their growth and growth of foetus. A high proportion of women in both industrialized and developing countries become anaemic during pregnancy. Intravenous iron therapy is safe convenient and effective than oral iron therapy in prevention of iron deficiency anaemia when compliance is the problem. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy, safety and acceptability of intravenous iron Vs oral iron in prevention of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy. The objective of the present research was to study the efficacy, safety and acceptability of oral iron (ferrous fumarate) versus intravenous iron (iron sucrose) for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy.Methods: It was a prospective comparative case control study without blinding including 400 registered antenatal women in SKNMC and GH, Narhe, Pune. Results were based on collection and analysis of data from samples within study population.Results: There was no significant difference in mean haemoglobin rise between oral group and IV group but there is significant difference between mean ferritin levels between oral group and IV group. In IV group ferritin levels at 36 weeks were almost 1.8 times more than oral group. Acceptability and convenience of IV iron was significantly more than oral iron.Conclusions: Intravenous iron therapy in the form of three divided doses, one in each trimester can be safely used in the antenatal woman as an alternative to prophylactic iron tablets for prevention of iron deficiency anaemia especially in women who are non-compliant or does not tolerate oral iron tablets

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS USING SINTERING TECHNIQUE

Objective: Itopride Hydrochloride (ITO) is a prokinetic agent commonly used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. It activates GI propulsive motility due to its dopamine D2 antagonizing activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The present work deals with application of sintering technique to matrix tablets of itopride hydrochloride to achieve sustained release using hydrophobic polymersMethods: Eudragit L-100 and carnauba wax were used in combination to achieve sustained release. A 32 factorial design was used to study the effect of sintering and various ratios of Eudragit and carnauba wax on percent drug release at 10 h, contact angle, and porosity. The tablets were also evaluated in terms of tensile strength, in-vitro dissolution and pharmacokinetic studies.Results: The results of a 32 full factorial design revealed that sintering caused decrease in drug release as compared to unsintered tablets. The concentration ratio of Eudragit L-100 and carnauba wax polymers also significantly affected the release profile. Carnauba wax maintained the integrity of the matrix, whereas Eudragit L-100 slowly eroded in the matrix as the drug was released. Thus, the area-to-volume ratio of the tablet remained constant over the duration of the drug release. The optimized formulation followed first order release kinetics with the diffusion-erosion mechanism. In vivo studies revealed higher Tmax of matrix tablet compared to a plain drug which is suggestive of slower absorption. However, the AUC0-10 h of the optimized formula and plain drug was found to be 1.561 h. µg/ml and 0.481 h. µg/ml respectively.Conclusion: Matrix tablets of Itopride hydrochloride can be formulated using the sintering technique to achieve sustained drug release along with increased bioavailability.Â