LSCS notes audit in a tertiary referral centre of Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: Obstetrics is a very litigious branch as the nature of job is highly pressured and it deals with two lives a mother and baby/babies. There are situations where there are no mistakes but there is no ‘documentation’ of due to high turnover of labouring women which leads to difficulty in dealing with medico legal cases. It is due to this reasons we decided to do an audit of our Caesarean section operative notes.Methods: We planned to audit the quality of caesarean section documentation in a University teaching hospital of North India at Banaras Hindu University. The study involved 57 case notes from the first January 2015 to 24 February 2015. The proforma was filled by residents within 72 hours of the operative procedure.Results: Date of Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) was from 01.01.2015 to 24.02.2015 and total of 57 case notes were included in this study. Hospital number, date of LSCS and time of LSCS was written in the operative notes of all patients. Written consent was also taken from patient party in all cases of LSCS. There were 6 cases of General anaesthesia (GA) in which two GA were preceded by spinal which had failed. Hand writing was legible in all records and was written by second year residents and signed.Conclusions: The above audit done at University teaching hospital of North India at Banaras Hindu University which included 57 notes shows a very high quality of record maintenance. This audit was conducted while the Obstetric team was aware that audit of record keeping is taking place. It is difficult to ascertain whether such a high level of record maintenance is a true reflection or a Hawthorne effect.

Comparative study of Growing/ Immobilized biomass verses resting biomass of A.lentulus for the effect of pH on Cu 2+ metal removal

ABSTRACT Biosorption of Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution was studied using A.lentulus immobilized by sodium alginate (4.0 g) and gelatin (1.0 g) prepared into a 0.05M CaCl 2 solution under constant stirring. Uptake of metal was very fast at 25 min initially and equilibrium was attained within 125 min. Higher Cu(II) uptake was observed by selected biomass (4.0g/l) immobilized in calcium chloride at 35 o C, 180 rpm when initial Cu 2+ ions concentration was 100mg/l. The optimum condition of pH, biomass concentration and heavy metal concentration were determine for microbial growth on biosorbents and correlated with heavy metal removal. The observed condition was applied for the biosorption process in immobilized and dead fungal cells. The biosorption of immobilized cells of A. lentulus was 96.6% of Cu whereas the dead cells of A. lentulus were 84%

Antioxidant activity of stem bark of Elephant Apple in different solvents

Plants have been always played an important role in maintaining human health directly or indirectly. Dillenia indica Linn. is a plant known for its nutritive as well as medicinal properties. Bark of the plant has been blessed with various phytochemicals as alkaloids, tannins, phenols etc. which give the plant a defence mechanism to protect the plant. Presence of these phytochemicals proved that bark is also beneficial for human beings because of their therapeutic properties. In the present study the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of the different extracts of bark of Dillenia indica Linn. have been examined and it is found that ascorbic acid as standard having the great antioxidant activity with lowest IC50. Fifty per cent methanolic extract showed higher amount of total phenolic content 47.6± 0.92 mg/gm and lowest IC50 value 13.43 ± 1.25µg/ml having highest antioxidant activity. In contrast with its aqueous extract having highest IC50 value 239.1 ± 2.15 µg/ml with lowest antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity has proved to be great source in the prevention of many life threatening diseases. The antioxidant activity of Dillenia indica Linn. should be further explored commercially to take its health benefits for serving the human society

Qualitative and quantitative determination of phytochemicals from flowers of Spanish Cherry tree

The present enquiry was intended to analyze the phytochemicals qualitatively and quantitatively from flowers of Spanish cherry tree. Flower powder was extracted using polar and nonpolar solvent by soxhlet apparatus. Percentage yield of crude extracts was determined and further the extracts were subjected to analyze the phytochemicals qualitatively and quantitatively by standard procedure. Qualitative analysis showed the absence of alkaloids while presences of tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols. Quantitative estimation of phytochemicals was determined using standard curve. Result revealed that the tannin content was 4.3±0.01 (mgTAE /gm), flavanols content was 0.28±0.05 (mgQE/gm). Saponins content was 3.6±0.7 % and terpenoids content was 1.47±0.37 %. A well conducted studies on phytochemicals revealed that they are vital for humans because they provide protection against a variety of ailments. Therefore, the present study is aimed to analyze phytochemicals qualitatively and quantitatively. Keywords: Phytochemicals, Tannins, Saponins, Flavanols, Terpenoid

One-pot synthesis of a polyaniline-gold nanocomposite and its enhanced electrochemical properties for biosensing applications

One pot synthesis of a polyaniline-gold (PANI-Au) nanocomposite has been conducted using a chemical route in the presence of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid. This PANI-Au nanocomposite was electrophoretically deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates and the electrochemical kinetics were compared with chronopotentiometrically deposited PANI-Au (in the presence of HCl) composite. The electrochemical results indicate that the composite prepared by the chemical route exhibits an enhanced electron transfer coefficient (alpha) of 0.92 and charge transfer rate constant (k(s)) of 0.0848 s(-1) as compared to the film deposited using the chronopotentiometric technique (alpha = 0.85 and k(s) = 0.0368 s(-1)). These fabricated matrices have been further utilized as biosensing platforms for the detection of sexually transmitted disease. The PANI-Au based genosensor has demonstrated enhanced sensitivity (10(-16) M; linear range from 10(-6) to 10(-16) M) with a response time of 60 s and shows excellent specificity over other bacterial pathogens. The results of these studies help in understanding the method of synthesis on the electrochemical as well as catalytic properties of the composite and its potential for a wide range of biomedical applications

<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-US">Synthesis and fungicidal activity of some 8-aryl-3-(<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HI;mso-char-type:symbol; mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-US"><img src='/image/spc_char/beta.gif' border=0><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-US">-D-glucopyranosyl)-4-oxo-4<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">H</i>,5<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">H</i>-1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">b</i>]-1,4,2,6-dithiadiazine-1,1-dioxides</span></span></span>

682-6868-Aryl-3-(-D-<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">glucopyranosyl)-4-oxo-4H,5H-1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">b]-1,4,2,6-dithiadiazine-1,1-dioxides <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">4<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold" lang="EN-US"> have been conveniently prepared from 8-aryl-4-oxo-4<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">H,5H-1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-b]-1,4,2,6-dithiadiazine-1,1-dioxides 2 by reaction of β-d-1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-acetylglucopyranose and iodine. Compounds 2 are synthesized by reported methods from 3-mercapto-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazole 1, chlorosulphonyl isocyanate and N-di-isopropyl-ethylamine in acetonitrile. All compounds have been tested in vitro for their antifungal activity against three fungal species Cephalosporium saccharii, Colletotrichum falcatum and Helminthosporium oryzae. </span

Microbial inoculants to support tea industry in India

13-19A long term study has been carried out for over a decade across various tea gardens, located in different parts of Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), with a focus on rhizosphere microbiology of tea. Occurrence of ‘negative rhizosphere effect’ exerted by the established tea bushes, in contrast to the normal stimulatory effect exhibited by the plants in general as well as young tea bushes, is the first and foremost feature associated with tea plants. Colonization by large populations of antagonists and lowering of the soil pH are the other important characteristics associated with tea rhizosphere. With a view of scaling down the use of chemical fertilizers, experiments were conducted on isolation, characterization and formulation of suitable microbial inoculants for use in tea plantations across hilly regions. Based on a number of attributes related to plant growth promotion and disease control, selected bacterial and mycorrhizal species have been developed in suitable formulations for application in tea plantations. The post-application observations indicated the benefits of microbial inoculations on seed, cutting and tissue culture raised tea plants. The present paper is an attempt to review the basic and applied research work carried out on rhizosphere microbiology of tea, particularly in the last two decades, with reference to possible application in the tea industry. </span

Antiaging, antistress and ROS scavenging activity of crude extract of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Ocimum sanctum </i>(L<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">.</i>) in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Caenorhabditis elegans </i>(Maupas, 1900)

515-521Since aging is the most important risk factor for variety of diseases, the discovery of a wide range of chemical modulators of aging in model organisms encourages new strategies for targeting age associated diseases. Simple genetic manipulation leads to long-lived and healthy animals, so any compound which could have similar effect would prove a boon to mankind. In the present study, effect of different pharmacological doses (1.0, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 mg/mL) of O. sanctum crude extract were used to determine their impact on life span, thermotolerance and ROS scavenging activities in C. elegans. The results revealed that 1 mg/mL of O. sanctum extract significantly extended the life span of C. elegans. The extract also proved to be a strong free radical scavenger and increased resistance against thermal stress. It is also suggested that the protective and life span extending action of the crude extract is not only due to its antioxidant capacity but may also be mediated by modulation of some signaling pathways. Thus, in addition to all the known medicinal property of Ocimum, it is capable of increasing stress tolerance and life span in C. elegans