Estimates of breeding parameters by mating system in dunnocks.

<p>The mean number of eggs laid, hatched, and chicks fledged per nest by type of social mating system at 158 active dunnock nests in Dunedin, New Zealand (2009–2012). The error bars represent standard errors.</p

Datasets used for meta-analyses on anticipatory parental effects in plants and animals

Please see ReadMe file

Dryad_Risk_and_intensity_of_sperm_ejection

Results of experimental trials measuring the probability that the ejaculate of a male is ejected by a female (sperm ejection risk) and the proportion of the average ejaculate volume of each male that is ejected (sperm ejection intensity). Information on male social status, mating order, day of trial (1st or 2nd day), copulation number within each trial day (1st or 2nd copulation), male age, and female laying status is also included along with male, female and male group identities

Lagisz_gene_orders_coded_MGR

Protein-coding gene orders of 47 Nematoda species and 2 outgroup species coded for analyses with MGR software. Codes: 1 = ATP6, 2 = COX1, 3 = COX2, 4 = COX3, 5 = CYTB, 6 = ND1, 7 = ND2, 8 = ND3, 9 = ND4, 10 = ND4L, 11 = ND5, 12 = ND

Breeding parameters by the type of social mating system in dunnocks.

<p>Descriptive statistics are reported as means (SD) and sample sizes for each type of mating system. Effect sizes (β) and associated 95% credible intervals (CI) are shown for the difference between types of social mating system in relation to the breeding parameters. We present Cohen's d effect sizes (with associated standard error (SE) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)) for the difference between polyandrous and monogamous nests calculated from the raw data.</p

Lagisz_tree_BEAST

Bayesian phylogenetic tree of 47 Nematoda species and 2 outgroup species created with BEAST software and based on concatenated aa sequences of mitochondrial protein-coding genes

Causes of egg hatching failure by the type of social mating system in dunnocks.

<p>The number of eggs and percentages are shown for each category of hatching failure for polyandrous and monogamous nests. Effect sizes (β) and associated 95% credible intervals (CI) are shown for the difference between types of social mating system in relation to the kind of hatching failure. We present Cohen's d effect sizes (with associated standard error (SE) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)) for the difference between polyandrous and monogamous nests calculated from the <i>z</i>-value of the models and sample sizes from raw data.</p

The timing of breeding in dunnocks.

<p>The timing of breeding by a population of dunnocks in Dunedin, New Zealand during the breeding seasons of (a) 2009–2010, (b) 2010–2011, and (c) 2011–2012. Bars summarise the number of active nests per week, based on the date that the first egg was laid. When the date of the first egg was unknown, it was estimated by backtracking from the average length of the incubation or nestling periods. For nests that never hatched, we used the date in which the nest was encountered as a proxy for the first egg date. The different fillings of the bars represent the outcome of the nests (i.e., abandoned, failed [e.g. unfertilized eggs, dead nestlings due to starvation or extreme weather], fledged, or predated).</p

Territory size in dunnocks by type of mating system.

<p>Territory size in hectares of monogamous (M), polyandrous (P), and polygynandrous (PGYA) social groups of dunnocks in Dunedin, New Zealand during the 2009–2010 (Season A), 2010–2011 (Season B) and 2011–2012 (Season C) breeding seasons.</p

Data used in meta-analysis of cost of parental effort on adult survival in birds.

This file contains all species and studies used in our meta-analysis, along with sample sizes, effect sizes (converted to Odds Ratio), and references to the original studies