Ovarian cysts trends at tertiary care hospital of Western Maharashtra: Retrospective analysis

Background: Ovary is an essential organ of the female body concerned with the production of progeny. If a neoplastic change occurs in the ovaries, then a variety of tumors can develop. An ovarian cyst is a common gynecological problem. The main complications which can arise include torsion, infarction, rupture, and hemorrhage. Methodology: This was a retrospective and prospective study of 108 cases of ovarian pathology encountered over the period of 18 months. All the specimens sent for the histology, multiple sections were taken from each case, and routine Hematoxylin and Eosin staining was done. The diagnosis was based on the WHO classification, and results were tabulated. Results: Out of total ovarian lesions, nonneoplastic lesions were 73(60.33%), and neoplastic lesions were 48(39.66%).  The most common nonneoplastic histopathological lesion seen was a follicular cyst (57.53%), and surface epithelial tumors (83.33%) were the most common neoplastic lesion noted in the present study.  The mucinous cystadenoma was the largest tumor encountered. The common chief complaint was abdominal pain (41.49%), followed by incidental findings (20.40%). Conclusion: The goal of histopathological diagnosis is to identify the type of the ovarian lesion, the risk of malignancy and assessment of timing and necessity of further interventions like chemotherapy and radiotherapy

Perception of Second Professional MBBS students towards online teaching during COVID Pandemic: A cross sectional study of a Medical College in central India

Background: COVID-19 Pandemic has changed the face of medical education globally. The implementation of infection control policies mandated shut down of medical colleges globally. This led to sudden shift towards online teaching platforms to ensure the continuity of learning. Therefore, this study was planned to assess the impact of online teaching from student’s perspective. Method: This is a cross sectional study conducted in an Indian medical college from March to August 2021 on 150 students of II Professional MBBS 2018 batch who were willing to give informed consent. The students were surveyed using google forms. The questionnaire comprised of closed ended questions based on student’s perception towards various aspects of online teaching related to theory classes of II professional’s subjects only. Total 98 responses were obtained and data was analysed with the help of descriptive statistics.Results: Overall 83.5% students preferred offline/regular classes over online mode. The drawbacks of online classes lied in being non interactive (65.3%), monotonous (13.2%), boring (10.2) and difficult to understand (10.2%).The major advantages perceived were no risk of COVID exposure (57.1%). 63% of students liked uploaded over live lectures. Students found Pharmacology (42.8%)  classes to be most useful and  Microbiology to be least useful(38.7%). 70% of students experienced pandemic related stress due to problems regarding online lectures(42.6%)while 30% were happy due to no risk of COVID exposure(50%).Conclusion: Overall the students reported negative impact of online teaching during COVID-19 pandemic. The only advantage perceived was safety from COVID exposure. So, there is need of pandemic preparedness for continued medical education

UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR ESTIMATION OF IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE IN API AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: The current work intended towards the developed and validated by using Simple, rapid, sensitive, precise and specific method UV Spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Ipratropium bromide in API and pharmaceutical formulation. Methods: Water used as a solvent and the absorbance of the drug was measured at the absorbance’s maxima of Ipratropium bromide λmax is 214 nm. Result: Calibration curve plotted in concentration range 20-120µg/ml exhibit the linearity relationship with line equation y=0.0062x+0.3161 and r2=0.995. The Accuracy was found to be 99.5-100.1%, the precision %RSD= 0.12888-0.30533, and the LOD and LOQ is 8.78266-28.5881. The method was found to comply with all the validation parameters as per ICH guidelines indicating the sensitivity of the method towards analyte. Conclusion: The method can be used satisfactory for the routine analysis of Ipratropium Bromide present in API and Pharmaceutical dosage form

Ovarian cysts trends at tertiary care hospital of Western Maharashtra: Retrospective analysis

Background: Ovary is an essential organ of the female body concerned with the production of progeny. If a neoplastic change occurs in the ovaries, then a variety of tumors can develop. An ovarian cyst is a common gynecological problem. The main complications which can arise include torsion, infarction, rupture, and hemorrhage. Methodology: This was a retrospective and prospective study of 108 cases of ovarian pathology encountered over the period of 18 months. All the specimens sent for the histology, multiple sections were taken from each case, and routine Hematoxylin and Eosin staining was done. The diagnosis was based on the WHO classification, and results were tabulated. Results: Out of total ovarian lesions, nonneoplastic lesions were 73(60.33%), and neoplastic lesions were 48(39.66%).  The most common nonneoplastic histopathological lesion seen was a follicular cyst (57.53%), and surface epithelial tumors (83.33%) were the most common neoplastic lesion noted in the present study.  The mucinous cystadenoma was the largest tumor encountered. The common chief complaint was abdominal pain (41.49%), followed by incidental findings (20.40%). Conclusion: The goal of histopathological diagnosis is to identify the type of the ovarian lesion, the risk of malignancy and assessment of timing and necessity of further interventions like chemotherapy and radiotherapy

UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR ESTIMATION OF SAXAGLIPTIN IN API AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: A new sensitive, economical, simple, rapid UV spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of Saxagliptin in API and pharmaceutical formulation. Methods: Calibration curve method was used for the estimation of Saxagliptin in API and pharmaceutical formulation. Results: The method was validated for linearity, range, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD, LOQ. Linearity was found in the range of 10-60µg/ml. Accuracy was performed by using a recovery study. The amount of drug recovered was found to be in the range of 99.01-100.1%. All the parameters were validated as per the ICH guidelines. Conclusion: This method is suitable forused routine analysis of present Saxagliptin in API and Pharmaceutical dosage form

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV-SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE IN API AND IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: To developed and validated UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of ipratropium bromide in API and pharmaceutical formulation. Methods: Methanol is used as a solvent and the absorbance of the drug was measured at absorbance’s maxima of ipratropium bromide max is 214 nm. Results: Maximum absorbance obtained in 214 nm. Calibration curve plotted in concentration range 20-120 µm/ml exhibit the linearity relationship with line equation y=.0.0091x+0.1503 The Accuracy was found to be 99.7-100.2%, the precision %RSD= 0.08613-0.2668, and the LOD and LOQ is 6.33, 19.19. The method was found to comply all the validation parameters as per the ICH guideline indicating the sensitivity of the method analyte. Conclusion: This method is used as satisfactory for the routine analysis of ipratropium bromide in API and pharmaceutical dosage forms

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV-SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF TIOTROPIUM BROMIDE IN API AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: The current work intended towards the developed and validated UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Tiotropium Bromide in API and pharmaceutical formulation. Methods: The UV spectrum of tiotropium bromide in methanol shows maximum absorbance at 230 nm. Calibration curve method was used for the estimation of tiotropium bromide in API and pharmaceutical formulation. Results: Maximum absorbance obtained in 230 nm. Calibration curve plotted in concentration range 20-120 µm/ml exhibit the linearity relationship with line equation y=0.0057x+0.3319. The Accuracy was found to be 80-100.5%. The precision %RSD=0.1110, and the limit of detection(LOD)=4.12and limit of quantification (LOQ= 12.50. The method was found to comply all the validation parameters as per the ICH guideline in indicating the sensitivity of the method analyte. Conclusion: This method is used as satisfactory for the routine analysis of tiotropium bromide in API and pharmaceutical dosage forms

Pattern of antibiotic use in neonatal intensive care unit in tertiary care hospital in Southern India

Background: Repeated and prolonged courses of antibiotics exposure have resulted in an increase in the prevalence of hospital acquired infections and antibiotic resistant profile. The objective of this study was to quantify the use of antibiotics in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from rural tertiary health care centre.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the NICU of tertiary care hospital located in western Maharashtra, India during the year 2011-12. A total of 237 neonates admitted to NICU from October 2011 to March 2012 were enrolled in the study according to inclusion criteria of the study. Demographic details, data on antibiotic prescriptions (name, dose, frequency, route of administration) were recorded by utilizing pre-tested structured proforma.Results: A total of 3822 prescriptions were received by the neonates and commonly prescribed antibiotics were amikacin (75.53%), cefotaxime (43.34%) and ampicillin (31.33%) respectively. It was also noted that 50% of the drugs prescribed were in compliance with the national list of essential medicines 2011. The max, 68.75% of antibiotics prescribed were in generics forms however, 12.5% were prescribed in the form of fixed dose combinations.Conclusions: The revealed that 3rd generation cephalosporins and amikacin are most commonly used antibiotics in NICU

Multiple Sector Identification Using Unique Referance Key

Using NoSQL storage like Mongodb, users can remotely store their data and enjoy the on-demand high quality applications and services from a shared pool of configurable computing resources, without the burden of local data storage and maintenance. The Unique ID system provides unique identification numbers to Indian residents. Unique key which would not just help the government to track down individuals, but would make life far easier for citizens as they would not have to submit multiple documents each time they want to avail a new public, private and government service. This system will contain personal details like name, address, marital status, photo, identification mark and fingerprint biometric. The unique key will be in the formed of 6 digit alphanumeric number to provide more security. This system helps to manage persons needs in his/her life span by using a unique reference key i.e. the number is used as valid key and it will fetch only the required details from the central database. This system will create government jobs for computer sector in the development, implementation and maintenance of the UID system. A single unique key is used therefore decreasing manual labour and increasing efficiency as every detail is available on the single click and reducing the efforts in maintaining different databases

IOT Based Power Theft Detection

The main objectives of this system are described clearly as follows: theft of electricity increases the costs paid by farmer and can have serious safety consequences. Many farmers are taking benefits of electricity. . But not all farmers are having legal electricity connection. Only those who have taken legal connection are paying the electricity charges. The farmers who are having legal electricity connection are paying charges of illegal connections and they don’t have any idea about this theft of electricity. This system is basically developed for the welfare of farmers. We can use this system for the society, but installation charge more as compare to the electricity theft. Meter readings and rate every month send to the electricity providers through the IOT. Adding with these setup an efficient Internet of Things (IOT) is defined, which portraits the global connection environment to the users and allow them to view the status of meter reading and theft associations globally from anywhere at any time. Theft of electricity has a material impact on customers in terms of cost and safety. We consider that the existing regulatory framework does not adequately encourage suppliers to be proactive in detecting theft. In this document we are requesting views on proposed new supply license obligations to strengthen the arrangements for tackling theft and on the proposed role of Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) in tackling theft when it is not responsibility of suppliers. We are also consulting on additional policy measures and proposals to support suppliers in investigating, detecting and preventing theft. For all the entire system is useful for prevention of thefts and globally connected medium to portrait the meter reading through the IOT to its customers effectively