Phase II study of ifosfamide, cisplatin, and vindesine combination in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Twenty-seven previously untreated patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer were treated with a 3-drug combination of ifosfamide, cisplatin, and vindesine as a phase II study. Patients received ifosfamide, 1.3g/m2, on days 1 to 5; cisplatin, 20mg/m2, on days 1 to 5; and vindesine, 3mg/m2, on days 1 and 8; with a sufficient parenteral hydration. Courses were repeated every 4 weeks. Twenty males and seven females with a median age of 61 years were treated and fully evaluated. Five patients had stage IIIA, seven had stage IIIB, and 15 had stage IV disease. One patient with adenocarcinoma achieved a complete response and 16 achieved a partial response, for an overall response rate of 63% (95% confidence limit: 45% to 81%). The median duration of response was 34 weeks (range: 9 to 52 weeks). The median survival time was 58 weeks for patients with IIIA/B disease, and 33 weeks for those with IV disease. The major toxicity was myelosuppression, however, it was generally well-tolerated. These results indicate that the 3-drug combination is active against non-small cell lung cancer and warrants further clinical trials.</p

IODP Expedition 330: Drilling the Louisville Seamount Trail in the SW Pacific

Deep-Earth convection can be understood by studying hotspot volcanoes that form where mantle plumes rise up and intersect the lithosphere, the Earth's rigid outer layer. Hotspots characteristically leave age-progressive trails of volcanoes and seamounts on top of oceanic lithosphere, which in turn allow us to decipher the motion of these plates relative to "fixed" deep-mantle plumes, and their (isotope) geochemistry provides insights into the long-term evolution of mantle source regions. However, it is strongly suggested that the Hawaiian mantle plume moved ~15° south between 80 and 50 million years ago. This raises a fundamental question about other hotspot systems in the Pacific, whether or not their mantle plumes experienced a similar amount and direction of motion. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 330 to the Louisville Seamounts showed that the Louisville hotspot in the South Pacific behaved in a different manner, as its mantle plume remained more or less fixed around 48°S latitude during that same time period. Our findings demonstrate that the Pacific hotspots move independently and that their trajectories may be controlled by differences in subduction zone geometry. Additionally, shipboard geochemistry data shows that, in contrast to Hawaiian volcanoes, the construction of the Louisville Seamounts doesn’t involve a shield-building phase dominated by tholeiitic lavas, and trace elements confirm the rather homogenous nature of the Louisville mantle source. Both observations set Louisville apart from the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount trail, whereby the latter has been erupting abundant tholeiites (characteristically up to 95% in volume) and which exhibit a large variability in (isotope) geochemistry and their mantle source components

Hysteresis phenomena on the crystal lattice of Ti0.8Zr0.2Mn1.5 in the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation process

The structural changes in the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reaction process on Ti0.8Zr0.2Mn1.5 alloy have been investigated by the in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction experiments to elucidate the mechanism of hysteresis phenomena in equilibrium hydrogen pressure.The lattice constant and unitcell volume of both hydrogen solid solution phase and hydride phase in the dehydrogenation pricess are smaller than those in hydrogenation process despite of lower equilibrium pressure. This result is opposite to the general relation between the lattice volume and pressure. The hysteresis behavior also exhibits in the diffraction peak width. The hysteresis behavior may be related to lattice difects and hydrogen concentration

Hexagonal Close-packed Iron Hydride behind the Conventional Phase Diagram

六方最密充填構造の鉄は幅広い温度圧力領域で安定に存在することが知られている一方で、鉄水素化物ではこれまでに知られている鉄-水素系の温度圧力相図上には六方最密充填構造は存在しない。水素濃度を0.6以下になるように制御した状態において、高温高圧下放射光その場X線回折およびその場中性子回折実験を実施し、六方最密充填構造の鉄水素化物が形成されることを明らかにした。水素は鉄の作る八面体サイトを部分的に、そしてランダムに占有しており、水素による体積膨張率は面心立方構造のものよりも大きいことがわかった

Neutron diffraction study on the deuterium composition of nickel deuteride at high temperatures and high pressures

3.36 GPa, 1073 - 300 Kの高温高圧下でのfcc Ni中の重水素専有サイトを中性子回折その場観察実験により決定した。重水素は主にOサイトを専有しており、サイト占有率は1073から300 Kの冷却で0.4から0.85に増加した。Tサイト専有率は0.02で一定であった。重水素誘起の体積増加は2.09Å3/D原子と算出されたが、この値は過去の報告と一致していた