Comparative Advertising Wars: An Historical Analysis of Their Causes and Consequences

This historical study contributes to the extensive literature on comparative advertising by examining the causes and consequences of comparative advertising wars; that is, when one advertiser responds to a direct or implied attack by another advertiser. Primary and secondary sources consist of articles published in historic and contemporary marketing and advertising trade journals, such as Printers’ Ink, Advertising & Selling, and Advertising Age. The findings reveal that well-publicized advertising wars occurred frequently between major U.S. advertisers throughout the twentieth century and into the twenty-first, and that they most often occurred in product and service markets characterized by intense competition. Many, if not most, advertisers’ principal motive for responding to a comparative advertising attack has been emotional rather than rational. The findings also reveal that advertising wars often became increasingly hostile, leading to negative consequences for all combatants, as well as a broad and negative social consequence in the form of potentially misleading advertising.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Fashion retailing – past, present and future

This issue of Textile Progress reviews the way that fashion retailing has developed as a result of the application of the World Wide Web and information and communications technology (ICT) by fashion-retail companies. The review therefore first considers how fashion retailing has evolved, analysing retail formats, global strategies, emerging and developing economies, and the factors that are threatening and driving growth in the fashion-retail market. The second part of the review considers the emergence of omni-channel retailing, analysing how retail has progressed and developed since the adoption of the Internet and how ICT initiatives such as mobile commerce (m-commerce), digital visualisation online, and in-store and self-service technologies have been proven to support the progression and expansion of fashion retailing. The paper concludes with recommendations on future research opportunities for gaining a better understanding of the impacts of ICT and omni-channel retailing, through which it may be possible to increase and develop knowledge and understanding of the way the sector is developing and provide fresh impetus to an already-innovative and competitive industr

Consumer Ethnocentrism, Country Image and Local Brand Preference: The Case of the Colombian Textile, Apparel and Leather Industry

The present article shows the relation that Colombian consumer ethnocentrism has with country image and local brand preference in the textile, apparel and leather industry and it infers the possible implications this relation has when planning marketing strategies for the Colombian market in such industry. This study follows an interpretative approach which included a survey of Colombian consumers in Antioquia. Results show that (i) gender and age are not determinants of ethnocentric consumer tendencies, (ii) the less income a Colombian person has, the more ethnocentric he/she is, (iii) consumer ethnocentrism does not have a universal pattern but varies from country to country, (iv) the more educated a Colombian person is, the less ethnocentric he/she is, (v) the developed or developing condition of the countries where the consumer is from, is not a determining factor to conclude whether or not a consumer has a tendency towards ethnocentric behaviour patterns and (vi) if a person has a positive image of his/her own country, he/she is likely to develop ethnocentric behaviour patterns. This article contributes to filling the gap in the literature since it shows that ethnocentrism is positively related to preferences for local brands in Colombia. © 2017, © 2017 International Management Institute, New Delhi