多職種連携と患者特性に配慮したケアを行った高度肥満症の一例

A ４８-year-old man who weighed ２１６ kg was significantly overweight with a body mass index （BMI）of ７５．６kg/m２, and was unable to walk due to disuse syndrome. Because of the psychological and social problems in the background, a psychological examination was performed and the staff took time to build a trusting relationship with the patient, taking into account his characteristics. With diet and rehabilitation, he was able to lose weight to １２４kg and BMI ４３．９kg/m２ over ６００ days, and was able to walk with assistive devices and defecate by himself. The patient was discharged from our hospital after a series of multidisciplinary meetings with medical, nursing, welfare, and governmental agencies to create an environment for home recuperation. The reasons for the improvement to enable him to be discharged from the hospital were due to the multi-disciplinary meetings among the staff inside and outside the hospital, information sharing and advanced coordination, and smooth communication with the patient by taking into account his characteristics from a psychological standpoint

Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space

How microgravity in space influences plant cell growth is an important issue for plant cell biology as well as space biology. We investigated the role of cortical microtubules in the stimulation of elongation growth in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) hypocotyls under microgravity conditions with the Resist Tubule space experiment. The epidermal cells in the lower half of the hypocotyls of wild-type Columbia were longer in microgravity than at on-orbit 1 g, which precipitated an increase in the entire hypocotyl length. In the apical region, cortical microtubules adjacent to the outer tangential wall were predominantly transverse to the long axis of the cell, whereas longitudinal microtubules were predominant in the basal region. In the 9th to 12th epidermal cells (1 to 3 mm) from the tip, where the modification of microtubule orientation from transverse to longitudinal directions (reorientation) occurred, cells with transverse microtubules increased, whereas those with longitudinal microtubules decreased in microgravity, and the average angle with respect to the transverse cell axis decreased, indicating that the reorientation was suppressed in microgravity. The expression of tubulin genes was suppressed in microgravity. These results suggest that under microgravity conditions, the expression of genes related to microtubule formation was downregulated, which may cause the suppression of microtubule reorientation from transverse to longitudinal directions, thereby stimulating cell elongation in Arabidopsis hypocotyls

Suppression of Cortical Microtubule Reorientation and Stimulation of Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis Hypocotyls under Microgravity Conditions in Space

plants. 2022, 11 (3), P.46

キトサンオリゴ糖の創傷治癒促進作用

Chitosan is a natural macromolecule that can be obtained by deacetylation of chitin in concentrated alkaline solution, and it has been known to exhibit various pharmacological actions, including facilitative effects on wound healing. Chitooligosaccharides are oligosaccharides composed of two to seven glucosamine residues, which are the basic molecules of chitosan. Systemic administration of chitooligosaccharides facilitates wound healing, but its mechanism remains largely unknown. The present study was investigated the effects of systemic administration of chitooligosaccharides on healing of the oral mucous membrane in vitro and in vivo. Human gingiva-derived fibroblast were incubated with 0.25-1.0% of chitooligosaccharides, and the cell number was counted after 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours. In addition, to determine whether systemic administration of chitooligosaccharides facilitates healing of mouse oral mucous membrane damaged by neodymium YAG laser irradiation, the oral mucous membrane was sampled at certain times after laser irradiation and was analyzed histologically. The results were as follows: 1. With 0.5-0.75% of chitooligosaccharides, the number of fibroblasts increased during the early stages of incubation, but with high concentrations of chitooligosaccharides, the number of fibroblast decreased. 2. Systemic administration of chitooligosaccharides facilitated proliferation of fibroblast, while continuous high-dose administration suppressed proliferation. The above findings clarify that chitooligosaccharides facilitate the proliferation of fibroblast in vitro and that systemic administration facilitates wound healing in vivo. In addition, there appear to be optimal doses in both in vitro and in vivo applications