Seismic response analysis by subloading surface model

A lot of disaster by liquefaction have been reported in area along the shore of Japan. In particular, liquefaction has occurred in the wide area in the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011. Various approaches for the liquefaction analysis have been proposed up to present. Among these approaches, the subloading surface model is formulated in the framework of the plasticity model and thus it is expected to provide a highly pertinent simulation of cyclic loading behaviour of materials. Further, the explicit constitutive equation of soils has been formulated to describe the cyclic loading behaviour with the cyclic mobility [1]. In this study, the validity of the liquefaction analysis by the subloading surface model is examined by comparing the simulation by the subloading surface model with the actual record for the acceleration wave in the ground surface to the input of the actual data of the acceleration wave in the soil ground base. The actual data used in the simulation was recorded in the Kushiro earthquake in 1993

The Effect of Brushing by a Human on Behavioral and Physiological Stress Indicators of Cows (Advanced Studies on Sustainable Animal Production: Interrelationships among Human, Animal and Environment, 8th International Symposium of Integrated Field Science)

Poster Sessio

Distribution of Diacylglycerylhydroxymethyltrimethyl-β-alanine (DGTA) and Phosphatidylcholine in Brown Algae

Lipids were analyzed in thirteen species of brown algae collected at the seashore near Tokyo, Japan. Diacylglycerylhydroxymethyltrimethyl-β-alanine (DGTA), a recently identified betaine lipid, was found as a major lipid component in eight species of brown algae examined, namely, Ishige okamurai, Dictyota dichotoma, Pachydictyon coriaceum, Padina arborescens, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum horneri, S. ringgoldianum and S. thunbergii. However, phosphatidylcholine (PC) was not detected in any of these algae except I. okamurai. By contrast, PC was found as a major lipid component in five other species, namely, Colpomenia sinuosa, Endarachne binghamiae, Scytosiphon lomentarius, Eisenia bicyclis, Undaria pinnatifida. These algae in turn did not contain detectable amounts of DGTA. The fatty acid composition of four selected species, S. lomentarius, U. pinnatifida, D. dichotoma and H. fusiformis, was also studied. The fatty acid components of DGTA in D. dichotoma and H. fusiformis were similar to those of PC in U. pinnatifida, the major components being 16:0, 18:2 and 20:4ω6 (also 16:1 in D. dichotoma

The validity of Salivary-amylase as Stress Marker of Cattle (Advanced Studies on Sustainable Animal Production: Interrelationships among Human, Animal and Environment, 8th International Symposium of Integrated Field Science)

Poster Sessio

Detection of a low-eccentricity and super-massive planet to the subgiant HD 38801

We report the detection of a large mass planet orbiting around the K0 metal-rich subgiant HD38801 ($V=8.26$) by precise radial velocity (RV) measurements from the Subaru Telescope and the Keck Telescope. The star has a mass of $1.36M_{\odot}$ and metallicity of [Fe/H]= +0.26. The RV variations are consistent with a circular orbit with a period of 696.0 days and a velocity semiamplitude of 200.0\mps, which yield a minimum-mass for the companion of 10.7\mjup and semimajor axis of 1.71 AU. Such super-massive objects with very low-eccentricities and hundreds of days period are uncommon among the ensemble of known exoplanets

Evaluation of Bone Toxicity in Various Bones of Aged Rats

The aim of the present study was to provide a method for evaluating bone toxicity induced by drugs in various bones in aged rats. Male Crl:CD (SD) rats at 46 weeks of age were administered 15 mg/m2 body surface area of doxorubicin, which effects the growth plate in weanling rats, weekly for 9 weeks by intravenous injection, and the femur, sternum, humerus and tibia were examined histopathologically. In the doxorubicin-treated group, thinning of the growth plate was remarkably observed in the proximal tibia and humerus; however, these changes were not observed in other regions. In addition, the osteoclast number per bone perimeter in the proximal tibia was significantly higher than others in control aged rat. Thus, recognizing the various histological reactions related to the time of epiphyseal closure is important for evaluating bone toxicity in aged rats

Seasonal migration of sika deer in the Oku-Chichibu Mountains, central Japan

Movements and seasonal home ranges of 6 GPS collared sika deer were investigated at the Oku-Chichibu Mountains, central Honshu, from April 2009 to March 2010. All deer migrated between discrete summer and winter home ranges. The linear migration distance ranged from 2.5 to 31.9 km. Mean elevation during the summer and the winter ranged from 980 to 1,782 m, and from 1,204 to 1,723 m, respectively. Two deer were upward migrants and 4 deer were downward migrants. Taking into consideration of the relatively small snow accumulation in the summer home range, the possibility of autumn migration to avoid deep snow is low. The percentage of steep slope in the winter home range was higher than that in the summer. Bamboo grass was not found in the summer home range, but was predominant in the winter home range. Road density decreased in the winter home range compared to the summer. Only 2 out of 6 deer stayed mainly in the wildlife protection area during the winter. Our results indicate that the autumn migration was affected by winter forage and human disturbance, thereby assured the survival of the deer during winter.ArticleMAMMAL STUDY. 37(2):127-137 (2012)journal articl

Time-resolved metabolomics reveals metabolic modulation in rice foliage

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To elucidate the interaction of dynamics among modules that constitute biological systems, comprehensive datasets obtained from "omics" technologies have been used. In recent plant metabolomics approaches, the reconstruction of metabolic correlation networks has been attempted using statistical techniques. However, the results were unsatisfactory and effective data-mining techniques that apply appropriate comprehensive datasets are needed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CE-MS) and capillary electrophoresis diode-array detection (CE-DAD), we analyzed the dynamic changes in the level of 56 basic metabolites in plant foliage (<it>Oryza sativa </it>L. ssp. <it>japonica</it>) at hourly intervals over a 24-hr period. Unsupervised clustering of comprehensive metabolic profiles using Kohonen's self-organizing map (SOM) allowed classification of the biochemical pathways activated by the light and dark cycle. The carbon and nitrogen (C/N) metabolism in both periods was also visualized as a phenotypic linkage map that connects network modules on the basis of traditional metabolic pathways rather than pairwise correlations among metabolites. The regulatory networks of C/N assimilation/dissimilation at each time point were consistent with previous works on plant metabolism. In response to environmental stress, glutathione and spermidine fluctuated synchronously with their regulatory targets. Adenine nucleosides and nicotinamide coenzymes were regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. We also demonstrated that SOM analysis was applicable to the estimation of unidentifiable metabolites in metabolome analysis. Hierarchical clustering of a correlation coefficient matrix could help identify the bottleneck enzymes that regulate metabolic networks.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results showed that our SOM analysis with appropriate metabolic time-courses effectively revealed the synchronous dynamics among metabolic modules and elucidated the underlying biochemical functions. The application of discrimination of unidentified metabolites and the identification of bottleneck enzymatic steps even to non-targeted comprehensive analysis promise to facilitate an understanding of large-scale interactions among components in biological systems.</p