Fast photodegradation of antibiotics and dyes by anionic surfactant-aided CdS/ZnO nanodispersion

The photocatalytic technology has broad applications in energy and environmental science. In this study, we synthesized a type II heterojunction CdS/ZnO (CSZ) nanodispersion by means of one-pot precipitation. Different from previous studies, an anionic surfactant was used to improve the photocatalytic activity of CdS/ZnO. The CdS/ZnO nanodispersion showed very good photocatalytic performance in the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light, with the highest degradation rate of 94.4% when pH = 7, both pH > 7 and pH < 7 were not conducive to TC degradation. Fast and high degradation efficiency was observed for three model compounds, and the degradation efficiency of RhB reached 100%. After 5 cycles, the degradation efficiency remains above 85%. In the photocatalysts, CdS nanoparticles act as photosensitizers, extending the light response of ZnO to the region of visible light, meanwhile, effectively reducing the electron–hole binding rate, which greatly improved the photocatalytic activity. In the end, the photocatalytic enhancement mechanism of TC degradation was discussed.publishedVersio

Importance of the Role of Primary Care in Myopia Prevention and Control Behavioral Intervention among Children

Myopia is a major risk factor for vision health in children, it is important for the prevention and control of occurrence and development of myopia in children to standardize the screening of myopia and achieve early detection and intervention of myopia. At present, myopia screening, the establishment, management and application of refractive development profile in China are still in the initial stage. In particular, the follow-up measures after refractive development profile establishment still face many problems and challenges. In this paper, the role of primary care in myopia prevention and control behavioral intervention among Children was analyzed in depth according to the current status and characteristics of myopia screening and after refractive development profile establishment, combining with the requirements of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, in order to provide recommendations on myopia screening, refractive development profile establishment and community behavioral interventions in China, balance medical resources for its development in a regulated, healthy and sustainable manner

Multiagent reinforcement learning with graphical mutual information maximization

Communication learning is an important research direction in the multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) domain. Graph neural networks (GNNs) can aggregate the information of neighbor nodes for representation learning. In recent years, several MARL methods leverage GNN to model information interactions between agents to coordinate actions and complete cooperative tasks. However, simply aggregating the information of neighboring agents through GNNs may not extract enough useful information, and the topological relationship information is ignored. To tackle this difficulty, we investigate how to efficiently extract and utilize the rich information of neighbor agents as much as possible in the graph structure, so as to obtain high-quality expressive feature representation to complete the cooperation task. To this end, we present a novel GNN-based MARL method with graphical mutual information (MI) maximization to maximize the correlation between input feature information of neighbor agents and output high-level hidden feature representations. The proposed method extends the traditional idea of MI optimization from graph domain to multiagent system, in which the MI is measured from two aspects: agent features information and agent topological relationships. The proposed method is agnostic to specific MARL methods and can be flexibly integrated with various value function decomposition methods. Considerable experiments on various benchmarks demonstrate that the performance of our proposed method is superior to the existing MARL methods.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61976216, Grant 62276265, Grant 62206297, and Grant 61672522

Four New Indole Alkaloids from Neolamarckia cadamba

Phytochemical investigation on the leaves of Neolamarckia cadamba led to the isolation of four new indole alkaloids, spirocadambine (1), dehydraisodihydrocadambine (2), nitrocadambines A and B (3 and 4). The structures and relative configurations were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Spirocadambine (1) represents a new type of screw ring containing indole glucoalkaloids

Normative Values of Retinal Oxygen Saturation in Rhesus Monkeys: The Beijing Intracranial and Intraocular Pressure (iCOP) Study.

To study the normal values of the retinal oxygen saturation in Rhesus monkeys and to evaluated repeatability and reproducibility of retinal oxygen saturation measurements.Eighteen adult Rhesus macaque monkeys were included in this experimental study. An Oxymap T1 retinal oximeter (Oxymap, Reykjavik, Iceland) was used to perform oximetry on all subjects. Global arterial (SaO2) and venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), arteriovenous difference in SO2 were measured. In the first examination, each eye was imaged three times. At the following two examinations, each eye was imaged once. All examinations were finished in one month. P values were calculated to evaluate the difference between the measurements during three visits by performing an ANOVA. Intra-visit and inter-visit intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was determined.At baseline, the average SaO2 and SvO2 were 89.48 ± 2.64% and 54.85 ± 2.18%, respectively. The global A-V difference was 34.63 ± 1.91%. The difference between the three visits was not significant (p>0.05). The highest A-V difference in SO2 and lowest saturations were found in the inferotemporal quadrant. Intra-session and inter-visit repeatability were both high. For all oxygen saturation parameters, the ICC values of the intra-session repeatability ranged between 0.92 and 0.96. As found previously, a relatively high ICC value for inter-visit repeatability also was found for all oxygen saturation measurements, ranging between 0.86 and 0.94, with the lowest values in the infero-nasal quadrant.Our study is the first to describe retinal SO2 in healthy Rhesus monkeys. In normal monkey eyes, the reproducibility and repeatability of retinal oximetry oxygen saturation measurements were high in the retinal arterioles and venules. Our results support that Oxymap T1 retinal oximetry is a suitable and reliable technique in monkey studies

Cellulose‑g‑tetraethylenepentamine dual‑function imprinted polymers selectively and efectively adsorb and remove 4‑nitrophenol and Cr(VI)

A cellulosic material has been synthesized that could efficiently and selectively adsorb organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions without interference from competing adsorption sites. Cellulose-graft-tetraethylenepentamine molecular imprinted polymer (C-TEPA-MIP) was synthesized by using 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as the template. The C-TEPA-MIP adsorbent could adsorb 4-NP and Cr(VI) simultaneously and selectively, without being affected by the competitive adsorption sites of each of these pollutants. The adsorption of 4-NP was predominantly due to the imprinted sites of 4-NP in C-TEPA-MIP that were located inside of the adsorbent, whereas that of Cr(VI) was primarily due to the amine groups of TEPA found on the surface of the adsorbent. Compared with the non-imprint polymer synthesized without the template, C-TEPA-MIP showed higher selectivity for both 4-NP and Cr(VI) in unitary and binary systems. In addition, C-TEPA-MIP exhibited good stability and recyclability for 4-NP, which makes it a promising candidate material for applications concerning wastewater treatment

Fast photodegradation of antibiotics and dyes by anionic surfactant-aided CdS/ZnO nanodispersion

The photocatalytic technology has broad applications in energy and environmental science. In this study, we synthesized a type II heterojunction CdS/ZnO (CSZ) nanodispersion by means of one-pot precipitation. Different from previous studies, an anionic surfactant was used to improve the photocatalytic activity of CdS/ZnO. The CdS/ZnO nanodispersion showed very good photocatalytic performance in the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light, with the highest degradation rate of 94.4% when pH = 7, both pH > 7 and pH < 7 were not conducive to TC degradation. Fast and high degradation efficiency was observed for three model compounds, and the degradation efficiency of RhB reached 100%. After 5 cycles, the degradation efficiency remains above 85%. In the photocatalysts, CdS nanoparticles act as photosensitizers, extending the light response of ZnO to the region of visible light, meanwhile, effectively reducing the electron–hole binding rate, which greatly improved the photocatalytic activity. In the end, the photocatalytic enhancement mechanism of TC degradation was discussed

When more is less : the other side of artificial intelligence recommendation

Based on consumers' preferences, AI (artificial intelligence) recommendation automatically filters information, which provokes scholars' debate. Supporters believe that by analyzing the consumers' preferences, AI recommendation enables consumers to choose products more quickly and with lower cost. Critics deem that consumers are more easily trapped in information cocoons because of the use of AI recommendation. This reduces the possibility of consumers contacting with a variety of commodities, thus lowering the consumer decision quality. Based on experiments, this paper discusses the moderating role of AI recommendation on the relationship of consumers' preferences and information cocoons. Moreover, it examines the relationship between information cocoons and consumer decision quality. The findings are: AI recommendation strengthens consumers' preferences; consumers' preferences are positively correlated with information cocoons and further leads to the decline of consumers’ decision quality. In the AI era, this paper contributes to revealing the dark sides of AI recommendation and provides empirical evidence for the regulation of AI behaviors.peerReviewe

Cellulose‑g‑tetraethylenepentamine dual‑function imprinted polymers selectively and efectively adsorb and remove 4‑nitrophenol and Cr(VI)

A cellulosic material has been synthesized that could efficiently and selectively adsorb organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions without interference from competing adsorption sites. Cellulose-graft-tetraethylenepentamine molecular imprinted polymer (C-TEPA-MIP) was synthesized by using 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as the template. The C-TEPA-MIP adsorbent could adsorb 4-NP and Cr(VI) simultaneously and selectively, without being affected by the competitive adsorption sites of each of these pollutants. The adsorption of 4-NP was predominantly due to the imprinted sites of 4-NP in C-TEPA-MIP that were located inside of the adsorbent, whereas that of Cr(VI) was primarily due to the amine groups of TEPA found on the surface of the adsorbent. Compared with the non-imprint polymer synthesized without the template, C-TEPA-MIP showed higher selectivity for both 4-NP and Cr(VI) in unitary and binary systems. In addition, C-TEPA-MIP exhibited good stability and recyclability for 4-NP, which makes it a promising candidate material for applications concerning wastewater treatment.publishedVersio