Searching Market Equilibria under Uncertain Utilities

Our basic model is a noncooperative multi-player game in which the governments of neighboring counties trade emission reductions. We prove the existence of a market equilibrium (combining properties of Pareto and Nash equilibria) and study algorithms of searching a market equilibrium. The algorithms are interpreted as repeated auctions in which the auctioneer has no information on countries' costs and benefits and every government has no information on the costs and benefits of other countries. In each round of the auction, the auctioneer offers individual prices for emission reductions and observes countries' best replies. We consider several auctioneer's policies and provide conditions that guarantee approaching a market equilibrium. From a game-theoretical point of view, the repeated auction describes a process of learning in a noncooperative repeated game with incomplete information

Topological phase diagram and saddle point singularity in a tunable topological crystalline insulator

We report the evolution of the surface electronic structure and surface material properties of a topological crystalline insulator (TCI) Pb1-xSnxSe as a function of various material parameters including composition x, temperature T and crystal structure. Our spectroscopic data demonstrate the electronic groundstate condition for the saddle point singularity, the tunability of surface chemical potential, and the surface states' response to circularly polarized light. Our results show that each material parameter can tune the system between trivial and topological phase in a distinct way unlike as seen in Bi2Se3 and related compounds, leading to a rich and unique topological phase diagram. Our systematic studies of the TCI Pb1-xSnxSe are valuable materials guide to realize new topological phenomena.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. Expanded version of arXiv:1403.156

A new form of (unexpected) Dirac fermions in the strongly-correlated cerium monopnictides

Discovering Dirac fermions with novel properties has become an important front in condensed matter and materials sciences. Here, we report the observation of unusual Dirac fermion states in a strongly-correlated electron setting, which are uniquely distinct from those of graphene and conventional topological insulators. In strongly-correlated cerium monopnictides, we find two sets of highly anisotropic Dirac fermions that interpenetrate each other with negligible hybridization, and show a peculiar four-fold degeneracy where their Dirac nodes overlap. Despite the lack of protection by crystalline or time-reversal symmetries, this four-fold degeneracy is robust across magnetic phase transitions. Comparison of these experimental findings with our theoretical calculations suggests that the observed surface Dirac fermions arise from bulk band inversions at an odd number of high-symmetry points, which is analogous to the band topology which describes a $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-topological phase. Our findings open up an unprecedented and long-sought-for platform for exploring novel Dirac fermion physics in a strongly-correlated semimetal

AFRICAN SWINE FEVER EPIDEMIC IN 2007–2017 PART 1. COMMON TRENDS FOR ASF IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND IN EURASIA

Results of retrospective analysis of African swine fever epidemic situation in the Russian Federation including analysis of the epidemic chronology indicating significant events of the disease spread across the country territory are presented. Common ASF epidemic trend and rate in 2007–2017 in Eurasia territory based on number of infected countries (1.273 ± 1.272 countries/year) and in Russian Federation Subjects (4.5 ± 2.3 Subjects/year) are shown. The paper also addresses some peculiarities of the epidemic process depending on the season of a year. Possible social and biological factors contributing to the epidemic spread are examined. Necessity of further search for probable biological vector and examination of social factors that could contribute to the disease maintenance in wild life and in domestic pigs in the Russian Federation and Eastern European countries are discussed

Classical swine fever: retrospective analysis of epidemic situation in Russian Federation (1996-2015)

Progress trends in classical swine fever (CSF) epidemic situation in the Russian Federation in 1996-2015 are discussed in the paper. Spatial shift of CSF outbreaks from the central regions of the country (2007-2012) to the western and eastern border regions of the Russian Federation (2013-2015) has been confirmed. Based on the analysis, a short-term prognosis for 2016 has been made as well as recommendations on DIVA-based measures for CSF eradication in domestic pigs and wild boars in the RF have been provided

Fermi surface topology and hot spot distribution in the Kondo lattice system CeB

We present high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies of trivalent CeB6 and divalent BaB6 rare-earth hexaborides. We find that the Fermi surface electronic structure of CeB6 consists of large oval-shape pockets around the X points of the Brillouin zone, while the states around the zone centre 'Gamma' point are strongly renormalized. Our first-principles calculations agree with data around the X points, but not at the 'Gamma' points, indicating areas of strong renormalization located around 'Gamma'. The Ce quasi-particle states participate in formation of hotspots at the Fermi surface, while the incoherent f states hybridize and lead to the emergence of dispersive features absent in non-f counterpart BaB6. These experimental and theoretical results provide a new understanding of rare-earth hexaboride materials.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figure