The transformation of the Swedish political party system in the late 20th/early 21st century

This article studies the process of transformation of the Swedish political party system in the 1980s. The study aims to develop a typology of the Swedish political party system before and after the transformation processes commenced. The article identifies the key prerequisites for such transformation: the crisis of social democracy and an increase in the nationalist attitudes in the society caused by the negative repercussions of the system of integration of migrants into the society based on the multiculturalism principles. The interethnic tension manifested itself in the wide support for the Swedish Democrats Party in the 2010 parliamentary election. From a political party system dominated by social democrats, the Swedish political party system turned into one with two leading parties – the centre-left Swedish Social Democratic Labour Party and the centre-right Moderate Party. The Swedish Democrats position themselves as an alternative to the two party blocs headed by the dominating parties (the Alliance and the Red-Green). The study employs an interdisciplinary approach in the framework of science synthesis. Its results can be of practical significance for politicians, social activists, and academicians

Antibiotics in aquaculture and their ecological significance. A review

Retrospective data concerning effects of antibiotics used in aquaculture on disease incidence for cultivated animals and humans are analyzed. Danger of the antibiotics use is shown for those used for both therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The antibiotics could be consumed by humans with the production of aquaculture or exuded to environments in quantities able to cause microbial imbalance or contribute to development of resistant bacteria forms. These consequences lead to significant economic losses

Chlorinated organic compounds in aquatic biological resources of the Baltic region

The results of studying dependencies of levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides in the liver and muscles of the main commercial fish species of the Baltic Sea (sprat, herring, cod, flounder), the Vistula and the Curonian Bay (pike-perch, bream, roach) on the fishing area, season and fish species have been considered. Determination of PCBs and pesticides has been carried out in accordance with MVI MN 2352–2005 "Method for simultaneous determination of residual amounts of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in fish and fish products by gas-liquid chromatography". Separation, identification and quantification have been performed by the gas chromatography Varian 3400 on the DB-1701 column, 30 m 0.25 mm 0.25 m, the column temperature 150–250 °C, the detector one – 300 °C. Identification and quantification have been performed by retention time of individual PCB congeners by the internal standard. The content of PCBs in liver of the Curonian and Vistula Bays fish is much lower than in liver of aquatic biological resources (ABR) of the Baltic Sea. Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) are accumulated more intensively in liver of fish caught in the southern part of the Baltic Sea. β-HCH and γ-HCH prevail in the liver and muscle tissue of ABR samples as individual organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The all three isomers of HCH are present in cod liver. Accumulation ratio in cod liver compared to that in the muscle tissue content reaches 7-8 units HCH for isomers, and for DDT and metabolites – 10-12 units. It has been proposed that the secondary admission of HCH in the aquatic environment and in ABG (delivery from sediments) takes place. Organochlorine pesticides such as hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor and aldrin are present in the Baltic Sea ABR in quantities below the detection limit used in the analysis methods. In spring and summer, there is an increased level of HCH and DDT in the liver of roach

Concentration of placental hormones in the trophoblast of chorial villi of the placenta at the afterbirth inflammation (immunohistochemical investigation)

Автори наводять результати власних імуногістохімічних досліджень мікроденситометричної концентрації плацентарного лактогену та хоріонічного гонадотропіну в трофобласті хоріальних ворсинок плаценти при різних видах запалення посліду.Авторы приводят результаты собственных иммуно-гистохимических исследований микроденситометрической концентрации плацентарного лактогена и хорионического гонадотронина в трофобласте хориальных ворсинок плаценты при разных видах воспаления последа.The authors give the results of their own immunohistochemical investigations of microdensitometric concentrastion of placental lactogen and chorionic gonadotropin in the trophoblast of chorial villi of the placenta at the different varieties of afterbirth inflammation

Textural and biochemical changes during ripening of old-fashioned salted herrings

BACKGROUND: Understanding of the biochemical reactions taking place during ripening of salted herring is still rather limited. Therefore, salted herrings were traditionally produced and the impact of the brine composition was evaluated in relation to the development of the characteristic texture of salted herrings. The aim of this study was to measure the texture changes during ripening using two differentmethods and to correlate the texture changeswith brine composition andwith biochemical modifications at themolecular level. RESULTS: During ripening (up to 151 days), hardness was higher in salted herrings compared to raw herrings, irrespective of the brine composition. However, the increase in hardness of herring prepared with extra brine occurred later. After prolonged storage (371 days), hardness was found for both batches to decrease to the level of raw herring. The increase in hardness during the ripening period could be explained by free-radical-induced cross-linking of myosin and the formation of aggregates. In addition, degradation of these aggregates correlated with the decrease in hardness observed at 371 days. CONCLUSIONS: Texture changes during ripening of salted herrings can be explained by oxidative reactions inducing myosin cross-linking followed by subsequent degradation of thesemyosin aggregates. The brine composition might play a role in the development of herring texture but this need to be investigated in more details. c 2010 Society of Chemical Industr