3,515 research outputs found
Superconductivity in a spin liquid - a one dimensional example
We study a one-dimensional model of interacting conduction electrons with a
two-fold degenerate band away from half filling. The interaction includes an
on-site Coulomb repulsion and Hund's rule coupling. We show that such
one-dimensional system has a divergent Cooper pair susceptibility at T = 0,
provided the Coulomb interaction between electrons on the same orbital and
the modulus of the Hund's exchange integral are larger than the
interorbital Coulomb interaction. It is remarkable that the superconductivity
can be achieved for {\it any} sign of . The opening of spectral gaps makes
this state stable with respect to direct electron hopping between the orbitals.
The scaling dimension of the superconducting order parameter is found to be
between 1/4 (small ) and 1/2 (large ).Comment: 11 pages, Latex, no figure
An Effective Theory for Midgap States in Doped Spin Ladder and Spin-Peierls Systems: Liouville Quantum Mechanics
In gapped spin ladder and spin-Peierls systems the introduction of disorder,
for example by doping, leads to the appearance of low energy midgap states. The
fact that these strongly correlated systems can be mapped onto one dimensional
noninteracting fermions provides a rare opportunity to explore systems which
have both strong interactions and disorder. In this paper we show that the
statistics of the zero energy midgap wave functions in these models can be
effectively described by Liouville Quantum Mechanics. This enables us to
calculate the disorder averaged N-point correlation functions of these states
(the explicit calculation is performed for N=2,3). We find that whilst these
midgap states are typically weakly correlated, their disorder averaged
correlation are power law. This discrepancy arises because the correlations are
not self-averaging and averages of the wave functions are dominated by
anomalously strongly correlated configurations.Comment: 13 page latex fil
One-dimensional spin-liquid without magnon excitations
It is shown that a sufficiently strong four-spin interaction in the spin-1/2
spin ladder can cause dimerization. Such interaction can be generated either by
phonons or (in the doped state) by the conventional Coulomb repulsion between
the holes. The dimerized phases are thermodynamically undistinguishable from
the Haldane phase, but have dramatically different correlation functions: the
dynamical magnetic susceptibility, instead of displaying a sharp single magnon
peak near , shows only a two-particle threshold separated from the
ground state by a gap.Comment: 9 pages, LaTex, to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 78, May
199
Mycobacterium sp. as a possible cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in machine workers.
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in workers exposed to metal removal fluids (MRFs) is increasing. This study supports the hypothesis that aerosolized mycobacteria colonizing the MRFs likely cause the disease. Three case studies of HP outbreaks among metal workers showed potentially high exposures to a rare and newly proposed Mycobacterium species. Retrospective review of samples submitted to our laboratory showed an association between presence of mycobacteria and HP
HYDROLOGIC EVALUATION OF RESIDENTIAL RAIN GARDENS USING A STORMWATER RUNOFF SIMULATOR
Engineered bioretention cells with underdrains have shown water quality and hydrologic benefits for abating urban stormwater problems. Less is known about the hydrologic performance of residential rain gardens that rely on in situ soil infiltration as the primary mechanism of volume control. Eleven residential rain gardens in Lincoln, Nebraska, were evaluated using a variable-rate stormwater runoff simulator. A volume-based water quality volume (WQV) design storm of 3.0 cm was applied to each rain garden as an SCS Type II runoff hydrograph until the system began overflowing to test the rain gardens for surface and subsurface storage capacity, drawdown rate, ponding depth, and overflow characteristics. Every rain garden tested drained in 30 h or less, with six gardens draining in less than 1 h. Rain garden surface storage capacity was poor, retaining on average only 16% of the WQV. On average, the rain gardens studied could store and infiltrate only 40% of the WQV, with only two gardens able to store and infiltrate greater than 90% of the WQV. On average, 59% of the runoff was captured as subsurface storage. Results of this study indicate that these 2- to 4-year-old rain gardens are limited not by drain times and rates, which often met or exceeded common design recommendations, but rather by inadequate surface storage characteristics. Extrapolating measured surface storage volumes to hypothetical systems with evenly graded depths of 15.2 cm, a minimum local depth recommendation, resulted in only one garden with enough storage to contain the WQV. On average, the extrapolated storage held only 65% of the WQV. It was shown that subsurface storage can make up for a lack of surface storage; the systems studied herein had an average of 2.7 times more subsurface storage than surface storage as a percentage of inflow volume before overflow began
System for the measurement of ultra-low stray light levels
An apparatus is described for measuring the effectiveness of stray light suppression light shields and baffle arrangements used in optical space experiments and large space telescopes. The light shield and baffle arrangement and a telescope model are contained in a vacuum chamber. A source of short, high-powered light energy illuminates portions of the light shield and baffle arrangement and reflects a portion of same to a photomultiplier tube by virtue of multipath scattering. The resulting signal is transferred to time-channel electronics timed by the firing of the high energy light source allowing time discrimination of the signal thereby enabling the light scattered and suppressed by the model to be distinguished from the walls and holders around the apparatus
Local U(1) symmetry in Y(so(5)) associated with Massless Thirring Model and its Bethe Ansatz
The Massless Thirring model associated with SO(5) is solved in terms of the
local U(1) symmetry. The local U(1) symmetry is related to q-deformation of
four-component field operators due to the nonlinear interaction for differently
internal degree of freedom. The Bethe ansatz wavefunction is also discussed. In
addition, the local U(1) symmetry in the Yangian associated with
SO(5)(Y(SO(5))) is explored.Comment: 10 pages, no figure
An Inversion Disrupting FAM134B Is Associated with Sensory Neuropathy in the Border Collie Dog Breed
Sensory neuropathy in the Border Collie is a severe neurological disorder caused by the degeneration of sensory and, to a lesser extent, motor nerve cells with clinical signs starting between 2 and 7 months of age. Using a genome-wide association study approach with three cases and 170 breed matched controls, a suggestive locus for sensory neuropathy was identified that was followed up using a genome sequencing approach. An inversion disrupting the candidate gene FAM134B was identified. Genotyping of additional cases and controls and RNAseq analysis provided strong evidence that the inversion is causal. Evidence of cryptic splicing resulting in novel exon transcription for FAM134B was identified by RNAseq experiments. This investigation demonstrates the identification of a novel sensory neuropathy associated mutation, by mapping using a minimal set of cases and subsequent genome sequencing. Through mutation screening, it should be possible to reduce the frequency of or completely eliminate this debilitating condition from the Border Collie breed population
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