Periods in Progressive Rock and the Problem of Authenticity

Though "largely ignored" by much mainstream popular music scholarship and "largely despised" by most critics, the genre of "self consciously complex" rock music was usually known as 1970's "progressive" (or "prog") rock was very popular and influential across England and North America in its time, and its fan base remains dedicated to this day. Progressive rock exhibits a startling eclecticism and diverse sources of influence, and as such is notoriously difficult to define from a stylistic point of view. The label "progressive" instead implies association with the late 1960s counterculture and, more directly, an aesthetic of experimentation and artistic freedom at the time when recording technologies were developing rapidly and record companies enjoyed a large degree of financial success. Overall, though, the genre is perhaps "best remembered" for "epic subject matter," "gargantuan stage shows," and "dazzling virtuosity" and, in the wake of the Beatles 1967 Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, for developing a rock music that seemed to invite the audience to listen rather than dance

Deep ocean influence on upper ocean baroclinic instability saturation

In this paper we extend earlier results regarding the effects of the lower layer of the ocean (below the thermocline) on the baroclinic instability within the upper layer (above the thermocline). We confront quasigeostrophic baroclinic instability properties of a 2.5-layer model with those of a 3-layer model with a very thick deep layer, which has been shown to predict spectral instability for basic state parameters for which the 2.5-layer model predicts nonlinear stability. We compute and compare maximum normal-mode perturbation growth rates, as well as rigorous upper bounds on the nonlinear growth of perturbations to unstable basic states, paying particular attention to the region of basic state parameters where the stability properties of the 2.5- and 3-layer model differ substantially. We found that normal-mode perturbation growth rates in the 3-layer model tend to maximize in this region. We also found that the size of state space available for eddy-amplitude growth tends to minimize in this same region. Moreover, we found that for a large spread of parameter values in this region the latter size reduces to only a small fraction of the total enstrophy of the system, thereby allowing us to make assessments of the significance of the instabilities.Comment: To appear \emph{in} O. U. Velasco-Fuentes et al. (eds.), \textit{Nonlinear Processes in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics}, Kluwer Academi

De redes sociales recíprocas a grupos de acción para el intercambio de mercado : la "privatización espontánea" en la Hungría post-comunista

Siguiendo el trabajo previo sobre la importancia que han tenido las redes sociales para la supervivencia económica y social del funcionariado de clase media latinoamericano y soviético, este artículo explora el papel de las redes sociales (las conexiones) en el proceso de privatización y liberalización del mercado en la Hungría post-comunista. Nos basamos en estudios académicos precedentes y en trabajo de campo desarrollado durante varios meses en Budapest para mostrar que las redes sociales son estructuras intermediarias centrales en las que los individuos y los grupos construyen soluciones que les permiten sobrellevar las deficiencias del sistema formal. Desde esta perspectiva, exploraremos la importancia de las conexiones entre gerentes durante el primer periodo de privatizaciones en Hungría, conocido como "privatización espontanea".Following previous research on the significance that social networks have had for the economic and social survival of Latin American and Soviet state-employed middle classes, this paper explores the role of social networks (connections) on the process of privatization and market liberalization of Post-Communist Hungary. Based on former academic studies and on field research conducted for several months in Budapest, we will try to show that social networks are central intermediary structures on which individuals and groups construct solutions that allow them to cope with the deficiencies resulting from the formal system. From this perspective we will explore the importance of manager's connections in the first period of the Hungarian privatization process known as "spontaneous privatization"

Topology of Fermi Surfaces and anomaly inflows

We derive a rigorous classification of topologically stable Fermi surfaces of non-interacting, discrete translation-invariant systems from electronic band theory, adiabatic evolution and their topological interpretations. For systems on an infinite crystal it is shown that there can only be topologically unstable Fermi surfaces. For systems on a half- space and with a gapped bulk, our derivation naturally yields a $\mathit{K}$-theory classification. Given the $d-1$-dimensional surface Brillouin zone $\mathrm{X}_{s}$ of a $d$-dimensional half-space, our result implies that different classes of globally stable Fermi surfaces belong in $\mathit{K^{-1}}\mathrm{(X_{s})}$ for systems with only discrete translation-invariance. This result has a chiral anomaly inflow interpretation, as it reduces to the spectral flow for $d = 2$. Through equivariant homotopy methods we extend these results for symmetry classes $AI,\,AII,\, C$ and $D$ and discuss their corresponding anomaly inflow interpretation.Comment: Removed Born-von Karman boundary conditions for $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and $\mathbb{R}^{d-1}\times [0,\infty)$ and includes the 'weak' topological phase found by Kitaev for $\Xi^2 = I, d= 2

Crystallographic Interacting Topological Phases and Equivariant Cohomology: To assume or not to assume

For symmorphic crystalline interacting gapped systems we derive a classification under adiabatic evolution. This classification is complete for non-degenerate ground states. For the degenerate case we discuss some invariants given by equivariant characteristic classes. We do not assume an emergent relativistic field theory nor that phases form a topological spectrum. We also do not restrict to systems with short-range entanglement, stability against stacking with trivial systems nor assume the existence of quasi-particles as is done in SPT and SET classifications respectively. Using a slightly generalized Bloch decomposition and Grassmanians made out of ground state spaces, we show that the $P$-equivariant cohomology of a $d$-dimensional torus gives rise to different interacting phases, where $P$ denotes the point group of the crystalline structure. We compare our results to bosonic symmorphic crystallographic SPT phases and to non-interacting fermionic crystallographic phases in class A. Finally we discuss the relation of our assumptions to those made for crystallographic SPT and SET phases.Comment: Stronger results. Included examples in section 6. Accepted for publication in JHE

From Reciprocal Social Networks to Action Groups for Market Exchange : "Spontaneous Privatization" in Post-Communist Hungary

Following previous research on the significance that social networks have had for the economic and social survival of Latin American and Soviet state-employed middle classes, this paper explores the role of social networks (connections) on the process of privatization and market liberalization of Post-Communist Hungary. Based on former academic studies and on field research conducted for several months in Budapest, we will try to show that social networks are central intermediary structures on which individuals and groups construct solutions that allow them to cope with the deficiencies resulting from the formal system. From this perspective we will explore the importance of manager's connections in the first period of the Hungarian privatization process known as "spontaneous privatization".A partir de investigaciones previas basadas en la importancia de las redes sociales para la supervivencia económica y social de los trabajadores del estado de clase media latinoamericanos y soviéticos, el presente artículo explora el rol de las redes sociales (conexiones) en el proceso de privatización y liberación del mercado de la Hungría Post-Comunista. Basado en anteriores estudios académicos y en el trabajo de campo efectuado durante varios meses en Budapest, intentamos mostrar que las redes sociales son estructuras centrales intermediarias a través de las cuales los individuos y los grupos construyen soluciones que les permiten hacer frente a las deficiencias causadas por el sistema formal. Desde esta perspectiva, exploraremos la importancia de las conexiones de los gerentes en el primer periodo del proceso de privatización húngaro conocido como "privatización espontánea"