Effect of rbST on Serum Biochemical Values During Various Physiological and Weather Conditions in Kundhi Buffaloes

This study was performed to investigate the effect of rbST treatment on some biochemical parameters in addition to values of thyroid hormones in Kundhi buffaloes. Sixteen Kundhi buffaloes were divided into two groups. Group-A (N=8) served as control and Group-B (N=8) was treated with 250 mg of rbST fortnightly for 1st lactation. Blood samples were collected weekly during lactation period from day one to 60 as pre-treatment values and then from day 61 to completion of 1st lactation in Kundhi buffaloes as post-treatment values. The findings revealed overall non significant variation in the serum biochemical and thyroid hormone values between control and rbST treated buffaloes, whereas, significant differences were observed during various physiological and weather conditions in both groups. Glucose and uric acid values were observed higher during parturition and winter season in Kundhi buffaloes. Protein level was higher in rbST treated buffaloes during open days

Ultrasonographic Biometrical Studies on Reproductive Organs of rbST Treated Pregnant Kundhi Buffaloes

Biometrical studies were conducted on sixty four gravid uteri with estimated gestation period of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th month of pregnancy in Kundhi buffaloes. Sixteen specimens for each month of gestation were collected from Hyderabad slaughterhouse to evaluate techniques for measurement of reproductive organs. The measurements for fetometry and morphometry of reproductive organs by ultrasound machine and manually (by measuring tape and vernier caliper) were performed and compared. The Ultrasound examinations were performed through diagnostic ultrasound machine equipped with multi-frequency 5-10MHz transrectal linear array transducer. Analysis revealed that the ovary, foetus, foetal fluid and uterus progressively increased significantly (P<0.01) in weight during 4th month of the gestation than 1st, 2nd and 3rd month of gestation period in rbST treated Kundhi buffaloes. Ovaries with CL were significantly (P<0.01) heavier than the ovary in which CL was absent. Corpus leutum was significantly lighter (P<0.01) during 1st month of pregnancy than 2nd, 3rd and 4th month of pregnancy in rbST treated Kundhi buffaloes. Gravid uterus was significantly heavier (P<0.01) during 4th month of pregnancy than 1st, 2nd and 3rd month of pregnancy in rbST treated Kundhi buffaloes. There was no significant difference between the measurements of oviduct, cervix and vagina during 1st to 4th month of pregnancy. The placenta, foetal fluid and foetus progressively increased significantly in size as gestation period progressed. The ultrasonographic fetometric and morphometric threshold of CRL, TD and UD and foetal weight was steadily increased in rbST treated Kundhi buffaloes. There was significant increase (P<0.05) in the CRL, TD, UD and foetus weight/volume at 4th month of pregnancy than 1st , 2nd and 3rd month of pregnancy in rbST treated Kundhi buffaloes. In conclusion, the overall data indicated that the examination for ultrasonographic fetometry and morphometry of reproductive organs of kundhi buffaloes for evaluation of fetal development, estimation of gestational age and formulation of fetal chart through reproductive organs were more suitable as compare to manual biometrical evaluation

Error performance of vertical-BLAST over Rayleigh and Nakagami fading channels

The study of statistical distribution of errors is a prerequisite in the design of appropriate coding techniques to effectively control errors. An architecture, V-BLAST, that promises very high spectral efficiency is analyzed and compared for two transmitter-receiver arrangements. We analyzed the system performance over Rayleigh and Nakagami channels along with statistical analysis of errors. Average error burst lengths, average error tree lengths and BER are determined. We also evaluate the effects of different interleaver depths. It is shown that increasing the number of transmitters and receivers, and uncorrelated channel paths give improved performance

Error performance of vertical-BLAST over Rayleigh and Nakagami fading channels

The study of statistical distribution of errors is a prerequisite in the design of appropriate coding techniques to effectively control errors. An architecture, V-BLAST, that promises very high spectral efficiency is analyzed and compared for two transmitter-receiver arrangements. We analyzed the system performance over Rayleigh and Nakagami channels along with statistical analysis of errors. Average error burst lengths, average error tree lengths and BER are determined. We also evaluate the effects of different interleaver depths. It is shown that increasing the number of transmitters and receivers, and uncorrelated channel paths give improved performance

Preliminary study of Hepatitis B surface antigen on mental health care workers at federal neuropsychiatric hospital Barnawa, Kaduna Nigeria

Background: This study was designed to determine retrospectively, HBsAg status, marker of HBV infection, among Mental Health Care Workers (MHCWs) at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital (FNPH), Barnawa Kaduna, North West, Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty one, apparently healthy HBV vaccine naïve, MHCWs, who voluntarily participate prior to HBV-vaccination. Materials and Methods: The screening was carried out using atlas latex haemagglutination test kit, between the months of December, 2000 through March, 2001. The MHCWs were categorized into senior and junior staff. Their ages, years of service, occupation, and department were obtained from year 2000 staff nominal roll. Prior to the study ethical approval was obtained from the hospital ethical committee. Two hundred and fifty one, participant were tested for HBsAg in a pre-HBV-vaccination exercise. Results: The number and percentages of participants by gender were 127 (50.6%) males and 124 (49.4%) females, respectively. The age range was 19-60 years with a mean age of 37 ± 2 years. The Number and percentages of junior and senior staff were 163 (65.0%) and 88 (35.0%), respectively. The incidence of HBsAg was 72 (28.7%). Incidence rates was highest among the males 41 (32.3%) compared to females 31(25.0%) and51-60yrs (50.0%), the incidence among Junior Staff was 52 (31.9%), while in Senior staff was 20 (22.7%) respectively. MHCWs who served between 26-30 years were 2 (66.7%) and those within 21-25 years were 6 (26.1%). Medical Record Staff were 3 (60.0%) and staff from other departments were Pharmacy 3 (50.0%), Artisans 7 (46.7%), Security 15(42.9%), Occupational Therapy Staff 2 (40.0%), Account Staff 6 (30.0%), Social Welfare 1 (25.0%), Hospital Maids 14 (23.7%), Administration Staff 11 (23.4%), Nurses 8 (17.0%), Medical Laboratory Staff 0 (0.0%), respectively. Statistical analysis obtained using Chisquare (x2) test showed no statistically significant association (p >0.05) between incidence of HBV-infection and years of service, Sex, Age, Cadre and Occupation. Conclusions: Due to a high prevalence of HbsAg, a marker of HBV infection, among MHCWs, Pre-vaccination screening should be instituted in Nigeria’s mental health facilities for early detection of HBV-infection and selective treatment. Key words: Hepatitis B virus; HbsAg; neuropsychiatric; vaccination; screening; Barnawa; Kaduna; Nigeria

Euler Top Dynamics of Nambu-Goto P-Branes

We propose a method to obtain new exact solutions of spinning p-branes in flat space-times for any p, which manifest themselves as higher dimensional Euler Tops and minimize their energy functional. We provide concrete examples for the case of spherical topology S^{2}, S^{3} and rotational symmetry \prod_{i}SO(q_{i}). In the case of toroidal topology T^{2}, T^{3} the rotational symmetry is \prod SU(q_{i}) and m target dimensions are compactified on the torus T^{m} . By double dimensional reduction the Light Cone Hamiltonians of T^{2}, T^{3} reduce to those of closed string S^{1} and T^{2} membranes respectively. The solutions are interpreted as non-perturbative spinning soliton states of type IIA-IIB superstrings.Comment: 33 pages, LATEX; more typos corrected; some equation numbering correction

Time-Space Noncommutativity in Gravitational Quantum Well scenario

A novel approach to the analysis of the gravitational well problem from a second quantised description has been discussed. The second quantised formalism enables us to study the effect of time space noncommutativity in the gravitational well scenario which is hitherto unavailable in the literature. The corresponding first quantized theory reveals a leading order perturbation term of noncommutative origin. Latest experimental findings are used to estimate an upper bound on the time--space noncommutative parameter. Our results are found to be consistent with the order of magnitude estimations of other NC parameters reported earlier.Comment: 7 pages, revTe

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 and comparison with control patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

In a large-scale study, 128176 non-pregnant patients (228 studies) and 10000 pregnant patients (121 studies) confirmed COVID-19 cases included in this Meta-Analysis. The mean (confidence interval CI) of age and gestational age of admission (GA) in pregnant women was 33 (28�37) years old and 36 (34�37) weeks, respectively. Pregnant women show the same manifestations of COVID-19 as non-pregnant adult patients. Fever (pregnant: 75.5%; non-pregnant: 74%) and cough (pregnant: 48.5%; non-pregnant: 53.5%) are the most common symptoms in both groups followed by myalgia (26.5%) and chill (25%) in pregnant and dysgeusia (27%) and fatigue (26.5%) in non-pregnant patients. Pregnant women are less probable to show cough (odds ratio OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.67�0.75), fatigue (OR: 0.58; CI: 0.54�0.61), sore throat (OR: 0.66; CI: 0.61�0.7), headache (OR: 0.55; CI: 0.55�0.58) and diarrhea (OR: 0.46; CI: 0.4�0.51) than non-pregnant adult patients. The most common imaging found in pregnant women is ground-glass opacity (57%) and in non-pregnant patients is consolidation (76%). Pregnant women have higher proportion of leukocytosis (27% vs. 14%), thrombocytopenia (18% vs. 12.5%) and have lower proportion of raised C-reactive protein (52% vs. 81%) compared with non-pregnant patients. Leucopenia and lymphopenia are almost the same in both groups. The most common comorbidity in pregnant patients is diabetes (18%) and in non-pregnant patients is hypertension (21%). Case fatality rate (CFR) of non-pregnant hospitalized patients is 6.4% (4.4�8.5), and mortality due to all-cause for pregnant patients is 11.3% (9.6�13.3). Regarding the complications of pregnancy, postpartum hemorrhage (54.5% 7�94), caesarean delivery (48% 42�54), preterm labor (25% 4�74) and preterm birth (21% 12�34) are in turn the most prevalent complications. Comparing the pregnancy outcomes show that caesarean delivery (OR: 3; CI: 2�5), low birth weight (LBW) (OR: 9; CI: 2.4�30) and preterm birth (OR: 2.5; CI: 1.5�3.5) are more probable in pregnant woman with COVID-19 than pregnant women without COVID-19. The most prevalent neonatal complications are neonatal intensive care unit admission (43% 2�96), fetal distress (30% 12�58) and LBW (25% 16�37). The rate of vertical transmission is 5.3% (1.3�16), and the rate of positive SARS-CoV-2 test for neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 is 8% (4�16). Overall, pregnant patients present with the similar clinical characteristics of COVID-19 when compared with the general population, but they may be more asymptomatic. Higher odds of caesarean delivery, LBW and preterm birth among pregnant patients with COVID-19 suggest a possible association between COVID-19 infection and pregnancy complications. Low risk of vertical transmission is present, and SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in all conception products, particularly placenta and breast milk. Interpretations of these results should be done cautiously due to the heterogeneity between studies; however, we believe our findings can guide the prenatal and postnatal considerations for COVID-19 pregnant patients. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd