345 research outputs found

    Economic Reform and Integration. Proceedings of 1-3 March 1990 Meeting

    Get PDF
    The general aim of the IIASA Project on "Economic Reform and Integration" (ERI) can be formulated as establishing bridges between eastern and western economic theory and practice, creating conditions for mutually assimilating successful managerial experience, and for possible rapprochement of economic systems. This volume contains major contributions by Soviet scientists, together with comments by western experts offered during the 1-3 March 1990 ERI Meeting. We believe that this material is of wide and timely interest and may also serve as a reference document for later studies once the time has come to penetrate scientifically the very fast changes we are witnessing today in central and eastern Europe

    Monitoring of gene knockouts: genome-wide profiling of conditionally essential genes

    Get PDF
    Monitoring of gene knockouts is a new microarray-based genetic technique used for genome-wide identification of conditionally essential genes in bacteri

    H2S, a Bacterial Defense Mechanism against the Host Immune Response

    Get PDF
    The biological mediator hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is produced by bacteria and has been shown to be cytoprotective against oxidative stress and to increase the sensitivity of various bacteria to a range of antibiotic drugs. Here we evaluated whether bacterial H2S provides resistance against the immune response, using two bacterial species that are common sources of nosocomial infections, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Elevations in H2S levels increased the resistance of both species to immune-mediated killing. Clearances of infections with wild-type and genetically H2S-deficient E. coli and S. aureus were compared in vitro and in mouse models of abdominal sepsis and burn wound infection. Also, inhibitors of H2S- producing enzymes were used to assess bacterial killing by leukocytes. We found that inhibition of bacterial H2S production can increase the susceptibility of both bacterial species to rapid killing by immune cells and can improve bacterial clearance after severe burn, an injury that increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections. These findings support the role of H2S as a bacterial defense mechanism against the host response and implicate bacterial H2S inhibition as a potential therapeutic intervention in the prevention or treatment of infections

    Роль Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ кисню Ρ‚Π° Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΡƒΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ сім’яників Ρ– спСрматозоїдів ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ”Π΄Π½Π°Π½Ρ–ΠΉ Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½Ρ–Π²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ опромінСння Ρ‚Π° Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–ΡŽ

    Get PDF
    Π’ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ– ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ–Π² Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡ”Π΄Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡ— Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½Ρ–Π²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ опромінСння Ρ‚Π° Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–ΡŽ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ окисно-Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стрСсу Π² сім’яниках Ρ‚Π° спСрмі. На основі ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ встановлСно особливості ΠΏΠΎΡ”Π΄Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡ— Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½Ρ–Π²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ опромінСння Π² сумарній Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ– 0,24 Π“Ρ€ Ρ‚Π° Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–ΡŽ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π² Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ–Π² Ρƒ сім’яниках ΡƒΡ‚Π²ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ– пСроксинітриту, Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ дСкомпСнсованого пСроксидного окиснСння Π»Ρ–ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π², Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ– активності цитохромоксидази) Ρ‚Π° спСрматозоїдах Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π² (Π·Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ– Π³Ρ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†Ρ–Ρ— супСроксидного Π°Π½Ρ–ΠΎΠ½-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΡ–Ρ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-транспортним Π»Π°Π½Ρ†ΡŽΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, сумарної активності NO-синтаз Ρ‚Π° пСроксидного окиснСння Π»Ρ–ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π². Показано, Ρ‰ΠΎ ввСдСння ΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° Ρ–Π½Π³Ρ–Π±Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— ядСрного Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° ΞΊB (NF-ΞΊB) JSH-23 Π·Π° ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ² СкспСримСнту ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ” Ρƒ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ… сім’яників Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ супСроксидного Π°Π½Ρ–ΠΎΠ½-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π»Π°Π½Ρ†ΡŽΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡ–Ρ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€Ρ–ΠΉ, Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡˆΡƒΡ” сумарну Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ NO-синтаз, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚-ΠΉΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Ρ– пСроксинітриту, пСроксиднС окиснСння Π»Ρ–ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π², ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π²ΠΈΡ‰ΡƒΡ” антиоксидантний ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–Π°Π» Ρ‚Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ антиоксидантних Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π² – супСроксиддисмутази Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°Π·ΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ– дослідТСння Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π²Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ подальшС вивчСння Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° Ρ–Π½Π³Ρ–Π±Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π² Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— NF-ΞΊB як ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π² Ρƒ Ρ‡ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ–ΠΊΡ–Π², які Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ опромінСння Ρ‚Π° Π΄Ρ–Ρ— токсичних Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π².Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСйствия Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… крыс рСнтгСновского облучСния ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° натрия ΠΏΠΎ показатСлям развития ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стрСсса Π² сСмСнниках ΠΈ спСрмС. На основании ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований установлСны особСнности ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСйствия Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… крыс Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСнтгСновского облучСния Π² суммарной Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 0,24 Π“Ρ€ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° натрия, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ выраТаСтся Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… эффСктов Π² сСмСнниках - ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ пСроксинитрита, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ нСкомпСнсированного пСроксидного окислСния Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ активности цитохромоксидазы) ΠΈ спСрматозоидах крыс (ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ супСроксидного Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ элСктронно-транспортной Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡŒΡŽ, суммарной активности NO-синтаз ΠΈ пСроксидного окислСния Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 0,3 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³ массы Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 30 суток ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ условиях ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСйствия Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ химичСского Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ супСроксидного Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π² тканях сСмСнников Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ цитохромоксидазы, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΡƒΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ NO-синтаз, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚-ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ пСроксинитрита, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сопровоТдаСтся ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ образования Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² пСроксидного окислСния Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… активности антиоксидантных Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² – супСроксиддисмутазы, ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°Π·Ρ‹, глутатионпСроксидазы. Π’ спСрмС ограничиваСтся гСнСрация супСроксидного Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ НАДЀН-Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Π 450 ΠΈ НАДЀН-Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Π’245(558)-зависимыми элСктронно-транспортными цСпями спСрматозоидов крыс, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ суммарная Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ NO-синтаз ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² пСрСкисного окислСния Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сопровоТдаСтся ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ·-нСспособных ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… патологичСских Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, отмСчаСтся отсутствиС спСрматозоидов со слоТными Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ (Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, со ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ аномалиями), ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ с быстрым ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ NF-ΞΊB JSH-23 ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ условиях ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСйствия Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ рСнтгСновскоС ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² суммарной Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 0,24 Π“Ρ€) ΠΈ химичСского (30-днСвная интоксикация Π½ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ натрия) Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² тканях сСмСнников крыс Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ супСроксидного Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡΡƒΠΌΠΌΠ°Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ NO-синтаз, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚-ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ пСроксинитрита, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ цитохромоксидазы, сниТаСт ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² пСрСкисного окислСния Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ антиоксидантный ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π», Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ супСроксиддисмутазы ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°Π·Ρ‹. Π’ спСрмС ограничиваСтся гСнСрация супСроксидного Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½-Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ НАДЀН-Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Π 450 ΠΈ НАДЀН-Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ Π’245(558)-зависимыми элСктронно-транспортными цСпями спСрматозоидов крыс, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ суммарная Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ NO-синтаз ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² пСрСкисного окислСния Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сопровоТдаСтся ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° нСТизнСспособных ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… патологичСских Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, отмСчаСтся отсутствиС спСрматозоидов со слоТными Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ (Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, со ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ аномалиями), ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ с быстрым ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ исслСдования ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ цСлСсообразным дальнСйшСС ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ влияния ΠΌΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ NF-ΞΊB ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΎΠ½Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Ρƒ ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ влиянию ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ облучСния ΠΈ дСйствия токсичных Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² химичСской ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ мСроприятия, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ выявлСниС послСдствий нСблагоприятного влияния ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСйствия химичСских Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ рСнтгСновского облучСния. This paper represents the evaluation of the results obtained in the experimental studies of effects produced by combined X-ray irradiation and sodium nitrate on testicles and sperm cells of the laboratory rats. The effects were assessed by the indices demonstrating the dynamics of oxidative and nitrative stress. The studies have demonstrated the peculiarities of combined action produced by fractional X-ray irradiation in a total dose of 0.24 Gy and sodium nitrate on the bodies of laboratory rats that are manifested by the development of the following adverse effects in the testes as peroxynitrite formation, decompensated lipid peroxidation, and reduced activity of cytochrome oxidase. The adverse effects observed in the sperm cells of the rats include increasing overproduction of superoxide anion radical by mitochondrial electron transport chain, the total activity of NO-synthase and lipid peroxidation. It has been shown the administration of melatonin and nuclear factor ΞΊB (NF-ΞΊB) inhibitor JSH-23 in experimental conditions significantly reduces testicular superoxide anion radical generation by mitochondrial respiratory chain, total NO-synthase activity, nitrite ions and peroxynitrite concentration, increases lipid peroxidation, decreases antioxidant capacity and activity of antioxidant enzymes – superoxide dismutase and catalase. The studies carried out suggest that further study of the gonado-protective properties of melatonin and inhibitors of NF-ΞΊB activation would be of particular clinical importance as they could reduce the damaging effects produced by ionizing radiation and some other toxic factors on the human body

    Resection interventions in the treatment of hepatocellular cancer in a specialized surgery center

    Get PDF
    Background. The relevance of the treatment of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is determined by a significant increase in the incidence rate and its high prevalence among primary malignant hepatic tumors.The aim of the study. To summarize the experience of providing specialized medical care to patients with hepatocellular cancer.Methods. We studied the direct results of treatment of patients with primary hepatic cancer treated at the Kuzbass Regional Hepatological Center for the period from January 2015 to August 2022. The materials for the study were medical records of patients with an established diagnosis of primary hepatic cancer, surgical records, results of pathohistologic examination. The exclusion criterion was diagnosed cholangiocellular carcinoma.Results. During the period from 2015 to 2022, 59 patients with primary hepatic cancer were treated at the Kuzbass Regional Hepatological Center. Among them, hepatocellular cancer was diagnosed in 48 cases, cholangiocellular cancer – in 11 cases; radical surgery was performed in 12 patients with hepatocellular cancer; fatal outcome was noted in 1 (2.1 %) patient, complications in the postoperative period developed in 5 (41.7 %) cases and were ranked as I-3, IIIb-1 and IVb-1 according to Clavien – Dindo classification.Conclusion. The degree of risk of severe post-resection hepatic failure should be considered one of the main criteria in choosing a strategy for radical surgical treatment. New surgical approaches (laparoscopic vascular isolation of the portal blood flow, using temporary hemostasis in laparoscopic hepatic resections and the device for its implementation) in resection surgery of primary hepatic cancer can improve the immediate results of treatment

    Poloidal inhomogeneity of the particle fluctuation induced fluxes near of the LCFS at lower hybrid heating and improved confinement transition at the FT-2 tokamak

    Full text link
    This paper deals with the new spectral and microturbulence experimental data and their analysis, which show, that the radial electric field Er generated at the LH heating (LHH) in the FT-2 is high enough to form the transport barriers. The ETB is formed when LHH is switched off. The radial fluctuation-induced EB drift flux densities near LCFS in SOL are measured at two different poloidal angles. For this purpose two Langmuir probes located at low and high field sides of the torus are used. Registration of the poloidal and radial components of the electric field and density fluctuations at the same time during one discharge permits to measure the poloidal asymmetry of the transport reduction mechanism of the radial and poloidal particle fluxes in the SOL. The absolute E(~) fluctuation levels show dependence on the sign of Er shear. The modification of the microscale turbulence by the poloidal Er x B rotation shear EB at the L - H transition near LCFS is also studied by X-mode fluctuation Reflectometry. The new data were obtained by spatial spectroscopic technique.Comment: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004, Nice (France

    Effect of toroidal particle sources on SOL physics in the FT-2 tokamak

    Get PDF
    Two gas-puffs are used near limiters in the FT-2 tokamak for the purpose of hydrogen refuelling during plasma discharges. This creates toroidal and poloidal asymmetry in particle sources near limiters which has to be considered in modelling. Here, the effect of toroidal asymmetry is simulated using the gyrokinetic code ELMFIRE. Two slightly different toroidal particle sources are used in simulations, and their results are compared with each other, and with experimental measurements to understand the impact of toroidal particle sources on Scrape-off Layer (SOL) physics.Peer reviewe
    • …
    corecore