PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LEAF, FLOWER, AND BARK OF A MEDICINAL PLANT, CRATAEVA MAGNA (LOUR.) DC

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this work was to perform preliminary screening of the phytoconstituents present in the leaf, flower, and bark of a valuablemedicinal plant, Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC.Methods: Phytochemical analysis of the leaf, flower, and bark extracts was done using various solvent by standard methods as described by Harborne(1973).Results: Six different extracts each for leaf, flower, and bark were screened. Saponins were present in all the extracts of leaf, flower, and bark, whereasnot a single extract showed the presence of steroids. Five extracts of flower and four extracts of leaf and bark indicated the prevalence of flavonoids.Similarly, four extracts of bark and three extracts of leaf and flower showed the incidence of tannins. Terpenoids occurred only in the aqueous extractsof leaf and flower, whereas alkaloids were found only in two and one extract(s) of leaf and bark, respectively. Phenolic compounds were not found inany of the bark extracts, but three and two extracts of leaf and flower showed their presence.Conclusion: The preliminary phytochemical analysis of this medicinal plant indicated that these plant parts can be exploited by scientists in generaland the pharmaceutical industries in particular for the designing of new drugs.Keywords: Bark, Crataeva magna, Flower, Leaf, Medicinal plant, Phytochemical analysis

A comprehensive scientific overview of Blepharispermum subsessile DC. (Asteraceae), a conservation concern medicinal plant with promising pharmaceutical potential

208-217Blepharispermum subsessile DC., belonging to family Asteraceae, is known for its uses in the treatment of arthritis and related joint pain in folkloric medicine in different states of India. Additionally, ethnomedicinal uses of this plant include treatment of dysentery, diarrhoea, various ophthalmic problems, common cold, rhinitis, skin diseases, scabies, wound and gynaecological disorders. Most importantly, traditional use of B. subsessile to treat arthritis has been recently supported by scientific pharmacological studies including a clinical trial. However, overexploitation, unregulated trade and habitat destruction has put the B. subsessile under severe threat in their natural habitats of India in general and Odisha state of India in particular. To conserve the gene pool of this plant species along with other medicinal plants in their wild habitat (in situ) a medicinal plant conservation area (MPCA) has already been established in Odisha. Recently, attempt has also been made for development of tissue culture - mediated plant regeneration protocols aiming at its conservation by rehabilitation and ex situ means. In the present review, comprehensive and updated information on the distribution, botany, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of B. subsessile has been summarized and focus has been given to the attempts made for conservation of this traditional medicinal plant species through conventional means as well as biotechnological intervention. Future research required for B. subsessile conservation and pharmaceutical utilization in fullest but in best sustainable manner has also been discussed

A comprehensive scientific overview of Blepharispermum subsessile DC. (Asteraceae), a conservation concern medicinal plant with promising pharmaceutical potential

Blepharispermum subsessile DC., belonging to family Asteraceae, is known for its uses in the treatment of arthritis and related joint pain in folkloric medicine in different states of India. Additionally, ethnomedicinal uses of this plant include treatment of dysentery, diarrhoea, various ophthalmic problems, common cold, rhinitis, skin diseases, scabies, wound and gynaecological disorders. Most importantly, traditional use of B. subsessile to treat arthritis has been recently supported by scientific pharmacological studies including a clinical trial. However, overexploitation, unregulated trade and habitat destruction has put the B. subsessile under severe threat in their natural habitats of India in general and Odisha state of India in particular. To conserve the gene pool of this plant species along with other medicinal plants in their wild habitat (in situ) a medicinal plant conservation area (MPCA) has already been established in Odisha. Recently, attempt has also been made for development of tissue culture - mediated plant regeneration protocols aiming at its conservation by rehabilitation and ex situ means. In the present review, comprehensive and updated information on the distribution, botany, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of B. subsessile has been summarized and focus has been given to the attempts made for conservation of this traditional medicinal plant species through conventional means as well as biotechnological intervention. Future research required for B. subsessile conservation and pharmaceutical utilization in fullest but in best sustainable manner has also been discussed

RFID Technology and Its Implications in Electronic Library Management Systems : Vision 2010

Abstract:Radio Frequency Technology is one of the exhilarating Technologies that reform the working methodology in any organization. This Technology has been around for decades however this is an innovative approach as far as library field is concerned. This article provides details about, What is RFID? and how does it work? What are the applications of RFID in Libraries? This paper also aims to clarify each and every aspect of RFID Systems and how does it organize electronic library services

Hybrid computational model depicts the contribution of non-significant lobes of human brain during the perception of emotional stimuli

Emotions are synchronizing responses of human brain while executing cognitive tasks. Earlier studies had revealed strong correlation between specific lobes of the brain to different types of emotional valence. In the current study, a comprehensive three-dimensional mapping of human brain for executing emotion specific tasks had been formulated. A hybrid computational machine learning model customized from Custom Weight Allocation Model (CWAM) and defined as Custom Rank Allocation Model (CRAM). This regression-based hybrid computational model computes the allocated tasks to different lobes of the brain during their respective executive stage. Event Related Potentials (ERP) were obtained with significant effect at P1, P2, P3, N170, N2, and N4. These ERPs were configured at Pz, Cz, F3, and T8 regions of the brain with maximal responses; while regions like Cz, C4 and F4 were also found to make effective contributions to elevate the responses of the brain, and thus these regions were configured as augmented source regions of the brain. In another circumstance of frequent –deviant - equal (FDE) presentation of the emotional stimuli, it was observed that the brain channels C3, C4, P3, P4, O1, O2, and Oz were contributing their emotional quotient to the overall response of the brain regions; whereas, the interaction effect was found presentable at O2, Oz, P3, P4, T8 and C3 regions of brain. The proposed computational model had identified the potential neural pathways during the execution of emotional task.</p

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Not AvailableCurcuma amada Roxb. is a perennial, rhizomatous, aromatic herb belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. This plant is commonly known as "Amba ada", "Mango ginger" due to the flavour of rhizome resemble as raw mango. This plant is used in traditional systems of medicine (Ayurveda and Unani) from the ancient period for the treatment of various types of diseases. C. amada have also possessed several pharmaceutical properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, anti hyperglyceridemic, antioxidant activity etc. The above said pharmaceutical activity may be shown due to the presences of various bioactive compounds including tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, curcumin, demethoxy curcumin, bis-demethoxy curcumin etc. Therefore, the present study was conducted to the preliminary screening of the phytochemicals, quantitative phytochemicals analysis, and antioxidant activity of rhizome and leaf powder sample of C. amada. In this study found that the contents of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids were higher in rhizome in comparison to leaf. Phenolics content was more in leaf sample than the rhizome. Antioxidant activity of rhizome was more than the leaf of C. amada. Acetone extract of the rhizome is higher than methanol extract of the rhizomeNot Availabl

Estimation of accumulated soil organic carbon stock in tropical forest using geospatial strategy

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a dynamic soil property that represents the key component of the forest ecosystems. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate SOC using the remote sensing images as well as field methods at Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve Forest area. The soil samples were collected randomly from the region at several field locations, to estimate the surface soil carbon concentrations in the laboratory. The study derived results for bare soil index, NDVI, SOC and relationship of SOC with NDVI using regression analysis, while comparing reference SOC (field measured SOC) and predicted SOC (estimated from satellite image). The remote sensing images were used to predict the precise carbon content associated with organic matter in the soil using NDVI and related equations, to prepare digital soil organic carbon map. The relationship between the NDVI and both reference/predicted SOC is established using the equation to derive the digital SOC for the study area using remote sensing data. The statistical relationship between reference SOC, pH concentrations, and NDVI values were presented against the predicted SOC to provide the variation between each variable

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Not AvailableYam bean (Pachyrizhus erosus L. Urban) is an underutilized tuberous legume crop having a good source of vitamins, minerals, sugar, and dietary fiber for human health. The implication of Proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique helped in determining the amount of nutrients availability in thirty yam bean genotypes. Certain minor and trace element concentration were identified and quantified in yam bean genotypes as P, S, K,Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb and Sr by using the software package named GUPIX-2000. PIXE measurements were carried out with 3 Me V proton beams with 20 nA beam current on target for element analysis. In the present study, highest quantity of elements such as K (30000 mg Kg- 1), Ca (2040 mg Kg- 1), Mn (129 mg Kg- 1), Cu (18.5 mg Kg-1), Zn (29.4 mg Kg- 1), Rb (63.1 mg Kg- 1), and Sr (9.74 mg Kg- 1) were found in genotype YBBL-20, whereas the highest content of P (9680 mg Kg- 1), S (3600 mg Kg- 1) and Ni (28.2 mg Kg- 1), Fe(395 mg Kg- 1), and Ti (35.2 mg Kg- 1) was found in EC100549, YBBL-2, EC100567, and EC100551 respectively. This study could be helpful in identifying the nutrition/mineral rich element genotypes and also in providing the nutritional security to the developing countries like India.Not Availabl